DISCUSSION_TEXT_pptx.pptx
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The document presents an issue to be discussed from differing viewpoints. It recommends structuring the discussion by first stating the issue, then presenting arguments for and against, and finally drawing a conclusion. It also provides guidance on introducing participants, using thinking verbs, and connecting ideas through additive, contrastive and causal words as well as modalities.
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Presentation about arguments
Sorry if anything is wrong, and sorry this is just a presentation I've ever presented in a class. Thank you for watching.
1) What is a Researched ArgumentA researched argument takes a s
1) What is a Researched Argument?
A researched argument takes a stand on an issue using researched material to back up its claims. A researched argument is analytical, but it uses information as evidence to support its point, much as a lawyer uses evidence to make their case.
2) Making an Argument
Most likely every paper you have written in college (excluding narrative) has either been an argument or a research paper - Lets put it all together!
Arguments are abundant. Someone, somewhere has debated and argued for most of the material you learn in college, even if it isn't presented that way.
You will need to select a point of view and provide evidence to develop your own considered argument.
3) Structure and Purpose
You should examine a variety of sources, including scholarly articles, which discuss a range of perspectives on the issue you are arguing.
These sources should be put into conversation with one another in order to analyze the different perspectives.
As a new member of the discourse you should find where your voice, perspective, and argument fit into the existing conversation.
You should be offering a new perspective on the issue.
4) Choose something you care about!
I would like for you to choose an issue in your field, although I am not requiring it. This could get you more interested in your field of study and you might even enjoy it just a little.
5) When you find your issue, ask
What are the core controversies at the heart of the issue?
What do I need to define or explain?
What sources should I use? Are there gaps in the info?
What info am I seeking in other sources to fill these gaps?
Do sources agree on an issue? Disagree?
How do I respond to these sources? What do you think?
6) Genre Conventions
These are the rules and guidelines that your sources follow - structure, content, organization, etc.
What kinds of research questions are writers trying to answer?
How do they begin their piece?
How do they use evidence, including summary, paraphrase, quotation, and analysis?
How do they signal they are moving on to another portion of their argument?
How do they show their willingness to listen to and engage with alternative view points?
7)Develop a clear thesis
Demonstrate a range of perspectives on the issue
Analyze and complicate those perspectives (limitations)
Offer new insights on the issue.
5-7 sources must be used.
8) Annotated Bibliography
An annotated bibliography is a list of sources on a particular topic that have each been summarized.
Although it takes extra time, an annotated bibliography can make the writing process 10x easier.
These sources should be the ones you will be using for the researched argument.
Purpose: To collect and organize sources that relate to a common theme, to connect those sources to each other, and your argument to determine their usefulness.
9) Skills
Researching by using the library, scholarly databases, and the internet for sources.
Gatheri ...
The Evaluation ArgumentChapter 14, Practical ArgumentMig.docx
The Evaluation Argument
Chapter 14, Practical Argument
Mignette Dorsey
The Evaluation Argument
• Evaluate – To make a personal, value judgment about something
or someone. Ex. A product, service, program, work of literature,
etc.
• Do we evaluate options before we make decisions? Examples?
• Evaluation Argument (options)
1. Make a positive or negative judgment
2. Assert that someone else’s positive or negative judgment is
inaccurate
3. Comparative analysis where you prove one thing is superior to
another
The Evaluation Argument
• What makes another perceive that your evaluation is fair?
• Addressing the Opposing Point of View
• Evidence of bias (p. 477) – Bias can be detected by tone as evidenced
by word choice
• Criteria for Evaluation:
1. Answer the “why” question related to your assertion: Why are
afternoon classes better than morning classes - or vice versa?
2. Establish a list of criteria you will examine: Alertness, Instructor
accessibility, traffic
The Evaluation Argument
3. Comparing criteria - discuss drawbacks of morning classes versus
advantages of afternoon classes
• See pg. 479 re. Evaluation Argument structure
• Evaluation Grammar: Comparatives and Superlatives – page 484
Pop Quiz: Evaluation Essay
(Answers are on the last slide)
Write true or false for each item below:
1. Offering a solution to the problem of student plagiarism would be a
good topic for an evaluation essay.
2. Word choice is an important consideration in writing an evaluation
essay.
3. Word choice establishes the tone of an essay.
4. Of the five “Ws,” the “why” question is never the focus of an
evaluation essay.
5. When we “evaluate,” we make a value judgment about something
or someone.
Pop Quiz Answers: Evaluation Essay
• 1. False
• 2. True
• 3. True
• 4. False
• 5. True
The Evaluation Argument�Chapter 14, Practical ArgumentThe Evaluation Argument�The Evaluation ArgumentThe Evaluation ArgumentPop Quiz: Evaluation Essay�(Answers are on the last slide)Pop Quiz Answers: Evaluation Essay
Rhetoric, Persuasion,
Argumentation:
The Argumentative Essay
Mignette Dorsey
Engl 1302
What is Rhetoric?
• Rhetoric is the ancient art of
argumentation and discourse. When we
write or speak to convince others of what
we believe, we are "rhetors." When we
analyze the way rhetoric works, we are
"rhetoricians." The earliest known studies
of rhetoric come from the Golden Age,
when philosophers of ancient Greece
discussed logos, ethos, and pathos.
Carson-Newman University
https://web.cn.edu/.../resource rhet.html
https://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/logic.html
https://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/ethos.html
https://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/pathos.html
What is Rhetoric?
• Rhetoric / Persuasion is not only written
discourse. Marketing experts use rhetoric for the
purpose of persuading audiences to pay
attention to what they are selling. See
Google>advertisements>images
• Architects use rhetoric in building design.
Consider the message co.
The Evaluation ArgumentChapter 14, Practical ArgumentMig.docx
The Evaluation Argument
Chapter 14, Practical Argument
Mignette Dorsey
The Evaluation Argument
• Evaluate – To make a personal, value judgment about something
or someone. Ex. A product, service, program, work of literature,
etc.
• Do we evaluate options before we make decisions? Examples?
• Evaluation Argument (options)
1. Make a positive or negative judgment
2. Assert that someone else’s positive or negative judgment is
inaccurate
3. Comparative analysis where you prove one thing is superior to
another
The Evaluation Argument
• What makes another perceive that your evaluation is fair?
• Addressing the Opposing Point of View
• Evidence of bias (p. 477) – Bias can be detected by tone as evidenced
by word choice
• Criteria for Evaluation:
1. Answer the “why” question related to your assertion: Why are
afternoon classes better than morning classes - or vice versa?
2. Establish a list of criteria you will examine: Alertness, Instructor
accessibility, traffic
The Evaluation Argument
3. Comparing criteria - discuss drawbacks of morning classes versus
advantages of afternoon classes
• See pg. 479 re. Evaluation Argument structure
• Evaluation Grammar: Comparatives and Superlatives – page 484
Pop Quiz: Evaluation Essay
(Answers are on the last slide)
Write true or false for each item below:
1. Offering a solution to the problem of student plagiarism would be a
good topic for an evaluation essay.
2. Word choice is an important consideration in writing an evaluation
essay.
3. Word choice establishes the tone of an essay.
4. Of the five “Ws,” the “why” question is never the focus of an
evaluation essay.
5. When we “evaluate,” we make a value judgment about something
or someone.
Pop Quiz Answers: Evaluation Essay
• 1. False
• 2. True
• 3. True
• 4. False
• 5. True
The Evaluation Argument�Chapter 14, Practical ArgumentThe Evaluation Argument�The Evaluation ArgumentThe Evaluation ArgumentPop Quiz: Evaluation Essay�(Answers are on the last slide)Pop Quiz Answers: Evaluation Essay
Rhetoric, Persuasion,
Argumentation:
The Argumentative Essay
Mignette Dorsey
Engl 1302
What is Rhetoric?
• Rhetoric is the ancient art of
argumentation and discourse. When we
write or speak to convince others of what
we believe, we are "rhetors." When we
analyze the way rhetoric works, we are
"rhetoricians." The earliest known studies
of rhetoric come from the Golden Age,
when philosophers of ancient Greece
discussed logos, ethos, and pathos.
Carson-Newman University
https://web.cn.edu/.../resource rhet.html
https://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/logic.html
https://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/ethos.html
https://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/pathos.html
What is Rhetoric?
• Rhetoric / Persuasion is not only written
discourse. Marketing experts use rhetoric for the
purpose of persuading audiences to pay
attention to what they are selling. See
Google>advertisements>images
• Architects use rhetoric in building design.
Consider the message co.
Argument paperEnglish 1 Spring 2014 Argument Assignment Paper.docx
Argument paper/English 1 Spring 2014 Argument Assignment Paper.doc
PAGE
English 1: Argumentative Essay Assignment
The Assignment: Write a six-to-ten page argument paper that addresses a current issue that will address our theme of the impact of technology on communication on ourselves, on our world and on what it means to be human (Barrios, 583). The topic and the issue for this paper is the same as your exploratory paper assignment. The purpose of this paper is to present your position on the issue and then argue why by presenting your own reasons and evidence to support your thesis statement.
Locating Sources for Research. The purpose of the exploratory paper was to explore different writers and their position, their perspective, and the types of evidence they used in order to form your own position and perspective. You have three sources that you may use in your paper. For this paper, you must include a variety of sources; they cannot all come from Web sites. Search SMC’s library online catalog, search for a book, search online databases, find newspaper articles, use the search engine Google scholar at www.google.com, or www.yahoo.com . In addition, observations or experience from your personal life are not allowable. Refer to the following handouts: “Research Guide for Papers,” “Sources Acceptable for Academic Papers.” Both of these handouts are on eCompanion. If you include an article from a Website, there must be a date and a sponsor/publisher. If this is not available you cannot use this source.
Thesis Statement and Claim: Does your thesis clearly include a claim? Is it arguable? Does it take a perspective on an issue? Is it narrow and specific enough for the length of this assignment? Is it focused on one subject? Is it a claim of policy where you argue that certainpolicies should be changed? Is it a claim of value where you argue that some action, belief, or policy is morally wrong, good, or bad? Once your claim is clear, you must develop reasons that match and correspond to the type of claim being made.
Audience/Point of View: An effective argument is tailored to its audience. The reasons and the types of evidence you offer, the needs and values to which you appeal, terms defined, all depend on your audience and the type of claim. Ask: What does your audience know or not know about your topic? The audience is your instructor and classmates. Never assume that the audience is familiar with your topic or terms. You may need to include definitions and relevant details to help the audience understand your position in the first body paragraph. For this argument essay, you will use only the third-person point of view. No, “I” “We” or “You.”
Content/Body Paragraphs. For the length of this assignment, you should have at least three-to-four distinct and relevant reasons to support your thesis. Follow the guidelines for writing the argument paper when developing your reasons. Use the “because” clause approach.
Recommended
Presentation about arguments
Sorry if anything is wrong, and sorry this is just a presentation I've ever presented in a class. Thank you for watching.
1) What is a Researched ArgumentA researched argument takes a s
1) What is a Researched Argument?
A researched argument takes a stand on an issue using researched material to back up its claims. A researched argument is analytical, but it uses information as evidence to support its point, much as a lawyer uses evidence to make their case.
2) Making an Argument
Most likely every paper you have written in college (excluding narrative) has either been an argument or a research paper - Lets put it all together!
Arguments are abundant. Someone, somewhere has debated and argued for most of the material you learn in college, even if it isn't presented that way.
You will need to select a point of view and provide evidence to develop your own considered argument.
3) Structure and Purpose
You should examine a variety of sources, including scholarly articles, which discuss a range of perspectives on the issue you are arguing.
These sources should be put into conversation with one another in order to analyze the different perspectives.
As a new member of the discourse you should find where your voice, perspective, and argument fit into the existing conversation.
You should be offering a new perspective on the issue.
4) Choose something you care about!
I would like for you to choose an issue in your field, although I am not requiring it. This could get you more interested in your field of study and you might even enjoy it just a little.
5) When you find your issue, ask
What are the core controversies at the heart of the issue?
What do I need to define or explain?
What sources should I use? Are there gaps in the info?
What info am I seeking in other sources to fill these gaps?
Do sources agree on an issue? Disagree?
How do I respond to these sources? What do you think?
6) Genre Conventions
These are the rules and guidelines that your sources follow - structure, content, organization, etc.
What kinds of research questions are writers trying to answer?
How do they begin their piece?
How do they use evidence, including summary, paraphrase, quotation, and analysis?
How do they signal they are moving on to another portion of their argument?
How do they show their willingness to listen to and engage with alternative view points?
7)Develop a clear thesis
Demonstrate a range of perspectives on the issue
Analyze and complicate those perspectives (limitations)
Offer new insights on the issue.
5-7 sources must be used.
8) Annotated Bibliography
An annotated bibliography is a list of sources on a particular topic that have each been summarized.
Although it takes extra time, an annotated bibliography can make the writing process 10x easier.
These sources should be the ones you will be using for the researched argument.
Purpose: To collect and organize sources that relate to a common theme, to connect those sources to each other, and your argument to determine their usefulness.
9) Skills
Researching by using the library, scholarly databases, and the internet for sources.
Gatheri ...
The Evaluation ArgumentChapter 14, Practical ArgumentMig.docx
The Evaluation Argument
Chapter 14, Practical Argument
Mignette Dorsey
The Evaluation Argument
• Evaluate – To make a personal, value judgment about something
or someone. Ex. A product, service, program, work of literature,
etc.
• Do we evaluate options before we make decisions? Examples?
• Evaluation Argument (options)
1. Make a positive or negative judgment
2. Assert that someone else’s positive or negative judgment is
inaccurate
3. Comparative analysis where you prove one thing is superior to
another
The Evaluation Argument
• What makes another perceive that your evaluation is fair?
• Addressing the Opposing Point of View
• Evidence of bias (p. 477) – Bias can be detected by tone as evidenced
by word choice
• Criteria for Evaluation:
1. Answer the “why” question related to your assertion: Why are
afternoon classes better than morning classes - or vice versa?
2. Establish a list of criteria you will examine: Alertness, Instructor
accessibility, traffic
The Evaluation Argument
3. Comparing criteria - discuss drawbacks of morning classes versus
advantages of afternoon classes
• See pg. 479 re. Evaluation Argument structure
• Evaluation Grammar: Comparatives and Superlatives – page 484
Pop Quiz: Evaluation Essay
(Answers are on the last slide)
Write true or false for each item below:
1. Offering a solution to the problem of student plagiarism would be a
good topic for an evaluation essay.
2. Word choice is an important consideration in writing an evaluation
essay.
3. Word choice establishes the tone of an essay.
4. Of the five “Ws,” the “why” question is never the focus of an
evaluation essay.
5. When we “evaluate,” we make a value judgment about something
or someone.
Pop Quiz Answers: Evaluation Essay
• 1. False
• 2. True
• 3. True
• 4. False
• 5. True
The Evaluation Argument�Chapter 14, Practical ArgumentThe Evaluation Argument�The Evaluation ArgumentThe Evaluation ArgumentPop Quiz: Evaluation Essay�(Answers are on the last slide)Pop Quiz Answers: Evaluation Essay
Rhetoric, Persuasion,
Argumentation:
The Argumentative Essay
Mignette Dorsey
Engl 1302
What is Rhetoric?
• Rhetoric is the ancient art of
argumentation and discourse. When we
write or speak to convince others of what
we believe, we are "rhetors." When we
analyze the way rhetoric works, we are
"rhetoricians." The earliest known studies
of rhetoric come from the Golden Age,
when philosophers of ancient Greece
discussed logos, ethos, and pathos.
Carson-Newman University
https://web.cn.edu/.../resource rhet.html
https://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/logic.html
https://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/ethos.html
https://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/pathos.html
What is Rhetoric?
• Rhetoric / Persuasion is not only written
discourse. Marketing experts use rhetoric for the
purpose of persuading audiences to pay
attention to what they are selling. See
Google>advertisements>images
• Architects use rhetoric in building design.
Consider the message co.
The Evaluation ArgumentChapter 14, Practical ArgumentMig.docx
The Evaluation Argument
Chapter 14, Practical Argument
Mignette Dorsey
The Evaluation Argument
• Evaluate – To make a personal, value judgment about something
or someone. Ex. A product, service, program, work of literature,
etc.
• Do we evaluate options before we make decisions? Examples?
• Evaluation Argument (options)
1. Make a positive or negative judgment
2. Assert that someone else’s positive or negative judgment is
inaccurate
3. Comparative analysis where you prove one thing is superior to
another
The Evaluation Argument
• What makes another perceive that your evaluation is fair?
• Addressing the Opposing Point of View
• Evidence of bias (p. 477) – Bias can be detected by tone as evidenced
by word choice
• Criteria for Evaluation:
1. Answer the “why” question related to your assertion: Why are
afternoon classes better than morning classes - or vice versa?
2. Establish a list of criteria you will examine: Alertness, Instructor
accessibility, traffic
The Evaluation Argument
3. Comparing criteria - discuss drawbacks of morning classes versus
advantages of afternoon classes
• See pg. 479 re. Evaluation Argument structure
• Evaluation Grammar: Comparatives and Superlatives – page 484
Pop Quiz: Evaluation Essay
(Answers are on the last slide)
Write true or false for each item below:
1. Offering a solution to the problem of student plagiarism would be a
good topic for an evaluation essay.
2. Word choice is an important consideration in writing an evaluation
essay.
3. Word choice establishes the tone of an essay.
4. Of the five “Ws,” the “why” question is never the focus of an
evaluation essay.
5. When we “evaluate,” we make a value judgment about something
or someone.
Pop Quiz Answers: Evaluation Essay
• 1. False
• 2. True
• 3. True
• 4. False
• 5. True
The Evaluation Argument�Chapter 14, Practical ArgumentThe Evaluation Argument�The Evaluation ArgumentThe Evaluation ArgumentPop Quiz: Evaluation Essay�(Answers are on the last slide)Pop Quiz Answers: Evaluation Essay
Rhetoric, Persuasion,
Argumentation:
The Argumentative Essay
Mignette Dorsey
Engl 1302
What is Rhetoric?
• Rhetoric is the ancient art of
argumentation and discourse. When we
write or speak to convince others of what
we believe, we are "rhetors." When we
analyze the way rhetoric works, we are
"rhetoricians." The earliest known studies
of rhetoric come from the Golden Age,
when philosophers of ancient Greece
discussed logos, ethos, and pathos.
Carson-Newman University
https://web.cn.edu/.../resource rhet.html
https://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/logic.html
https://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/ethos.html
https://web.cn.edu/kwheeler/pathos.html
What is Rhetoric?
• Rhetoric / Persuasion is not only written
discourse. Marketing experts use rhetoric for the
purpose of persuading audiences to pay
attention to what they are selling. See
Google>advertisements>images
• Architects use rhetoric in building design.
Consider the message co.
Argument paperEnglish 1 Spring 2014 Argument Assignment Paper.docx
Argument paper/English 1 Spring 2014 Argument Assignment Paper.doc
PAGE
English 1: Argumentative Essay Assignment
The Assignment: Write a six-to-ten page argument paper that addresses a current issue that will address our theme of the impact of technology on communication on ourselves, on our world and on what it means to be human (Barrios, 583). The topic and the issue for this paper is the same as your exploratory paper assignment. The purpose of this paper is to present your position on the issue and then argue why by presenting your own reasons and evidence to support your thesis statement.
Locating Sources for Research. The purpose of the exploratory paper was to explore different writers and their position, their perspective, and the types of evidence they used in order to form your own position and perspective. You have three sources that you may use in your paper. For this paper, you must include a variety of sources; they cannot all come from Web sites. Search SMC’s library online catalog, search for a book, search online databases, find newspaper articles, use the search engine Google scholar at www.google.com, or www.yahoo.com . In addition, observations or experience from your personal life are not allowable. Refer to the following handouts: “Research Guide for Papers,” “Sources Acceptable for Academic Papers.” Both of these handouts are on eCompanion. If you include an article from a Website, there must be a date and a sponsor/publisher. If this is not available you cannot use this source.
Thesis Statement and Claim: Does your thesis clearly include a claim? Is it arguable? Does it take a perspective on an issue? Is it narrow and specific enough for the length of this assignment? Is it focused on one subject? Is it a claim of policy where you argue that certainpolicies should be changed? Is it a claim of value where you argue that some action, belief, or policy is morally wrong, good, or bad? Once your claim is clear, you must develop reasons that match and correspond to the type of claim being made.
Audience/Point of View: An effective argument is tailored to its audience. The reasons and the types of evidence you offer, the needs and values to which you appeal, terms defined, all depend on your audience and the type of claim. Ask: What does your audience know or not know about your topic? The audience is your instructor and classmates. Never assume that the audience is familiar with your topic or terms. You may need to include definitions and relevant details to help the audience understand your position in the first body paragraph. For this argument essay, you will use only the third-person point of view. No, “I” “We” or “You.”
Content/Body Paragraphs. For the length of this assignment, you should have at least three-to-four distinct and relevant reasons to support your thesis. Follow the guidelines for writing the argument paper when developing your reasons. Use the “because” clause approach.
Developing Argumentive Discourse & Writing
Examination of the development of argumentive discourse as a necessary aspect of developing middle school students' written skills in argument.
The Argument Essay .docx
The Argument Essay
Conclusion
Claim
Introduction
Title of Essay
Body
Make sure the title is interesting and thought-provoking. It is a representation of your work and your ideas.
In the introduction provide the following information:
Issue
Background
Definition of terms
This is your thesis statement. Make sure it is NOT an announcement, but a concise
presentation of your entire argument
Reasons and
Evidence (Ethos)
Reason 1
1. Types of Evidence
Reason 2
2. Types of Evidence
Reason 3
3. Types of Evidence
Logical(Logos)
What logic is being
used to
demonstrate/proof
a point?
Inductive
Deductive
Emotional Appeals
(Pathos)
Need or Value 1
1. Target 1
Need or Value 2
2. Target 2
Need or Value 3
3. Target 3
*avoid begging or direct
appeal
Counter Argument
Opposing view 1
1. Acknowledgement,
accommodation, or
refutation
Opposing view 2
2. Acknowledgement,
accommodation, or
refutation
*keep it at two points only
In your conclusion, be sure to include the following:
Restatement of the claim
Final appeals (usually this will be an emotional appeal)
Urge reader to take action
Essay Assignment #1: Using Rhetorical Strategies and Devices (4-5 pages)
For the first essay, you will focus on using rhetorical elements and their implication in writing. You will answer the following question and develop the answer appropriately:
1. What are you passionate about?
Your explanation will take the form of an argument in which you work to convince your audience (in this case, other MDC composition students and instructors), through the criteria below, that you as a writer are either successful or unsuccessful in the use of rhetorical strategies (ethos, logos, pathos). You also need to convince your audience that you have a good understanding of the audience, language and manner in which you present your topic as well as the rhetorical terms and concepts necessary to deliver a convincing argument.
This assignment does not ask you to write about you in broad terms. Instead, you are writing about you passion(s), and by the nature of the assignment, for the audience to partake in your excitement of said passions. Your audience should “feel” your passion and understand your passion. You’ll need to ask yourself: Do I have a solid thesis statement that carries my ideas? Do I use enough evidence? Do I use certain appeals to connect with his audience? Are my appeals used appropriately to convey a message?
Your paper should:
· Briefly summarize your major arguments and present your position in a fair and reasonable manner. Practice objectivity.
· Identify your rhetorical situation: Who is your audience? What is the social context? What is the purpose of his argument?
· Firmly state your claim about the topic
· Determine how your language, voice and style work to persuade your audience.
Length/Fo ...
Writing the Persuasive Essay What is a persuasiveargum.docx
Writing the Persuasive Essay
What is a persuasive/argument essay?
In persuasive writing, a writer takes a position FOR or AGAINST an issue and writes to
convince the reader to believe or do something
Persuasive writing, also known as the argument essay, utilizes logic and reason to show that
one idea is more legitimate than another idea. It attempts to persuade a reader to adopt a
certain point of view or to take a particular action. The argument must always use sound
reasoning and solid evidence by stating facts, giving logical reasons, using examples, and
quoting experts.
When planning a persuasive essay, follow these steps
1. Choose your position. Which side of the issue or problem are you going to write about,
and what solution will you offer? Know the purpose of your essay.
2. Analyze your audience. Decide if your audience agrees with you, is neutral, or
disagrees with your position.
3. Research your topic. A persuasive essay must provide specific and convincing
evidence. Often it is necessary to go beyond your own knowledge and experience. You
might need to go to the library or interview people who are experts on your topic.
4. Structure your essay. Figure out what evidence you will include and in what order you
will present the evidence. Remember to consider your purpose, your audience, and
your topic.
The following criteria are essential to produce an effective argument
• Be well informed about your topic. To add to your knowledge of a topic, read
thoroughly about it, using legitimate sources. Take notes.
• Test your thesis. Your thesis, i.e., argument, must have two sides. It must be
debatable. If you can write down a thesis statement directly opposing your own, you
will ensure that your own argument is debatable.
• Disprove the opposing argument. Understand the opposite viewpoint of your position
and then counter it by providing contrasting evidence or by finding mistakes and
inconsistencies in the logic of the opposing argument.
• Support your position with evidence. Remember that your evidence must appeal to
reason.
Parts of the Persuasive Essay
1. The Introduction
The introduction has a "hook or grabber" to catch the reader's attention. Some
"grabbers" include:
1. Opening with an unusual detail: (Manitoba, because of its cold climate, is not thought of as
a great place to be a reptile. Actually, it has the largest seasonal congregation of garter
snakes in the world!)
2. Opening with a strong statement: (Cigarettes are the number one cause of lighter sales in
Canada!)
3. Opening with a Quotation: (Elbert Hubbard once said , "Truth is stronger than fiction.")
4. Opening with an Anecdote: An anecdote can provide an amusing and attention-getting
opening if it is short and to the point.
5. Opening with a Statistic or Fact: Sometimes a statistic or fact will add emphasis or interest
to your topic. It may be wise to include the item's .
Critical thinking Introductory Class
University of Southampton Critical Thinking module week 1. An intro to critical thinking plus activities
Teach Argumentation Effortlessly Handout
Handout for the presentation "Teach Argumentation Effortlessly."
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdf
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
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Developing Argumentive Discourse & Writing
Examination of the development of argumentive discourse as a necessary aspect of developing middle school students' written skills in argument.
The Argument Essay .docx
The Argument Essay
Conclusion
Claim
Introduction
Title of Essay
Body
Make sure the title is interesting and thought-provoking. It is a representation of your work and your ideas.
In the introduction provide the following information:
Issue
Background
Definition of terms
This is your thesis statement. Make sure it is NOT an announcement, but a concise
presentation of your entire argument
Reasons and
Evidence (Ethos)
Reason 1
1. Types of Evidence
Reason 2
2. Types of Evidence
Reason 3
3. Types of Evidence
Logical(Logos)
What logic is being
used to
demonstrate/proof
a point?
Inductive
Deductive
Emotional Appeals
(Pathos)
Need or Value 1
1. Target 1
Need or Value 2
2. Target 2
Need or Value 3
3. Target 3
*avoid begging or direct
appeal
Counter Argument
Opposing view 1
1. Acknowledgement,
accommodation, or
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Opposing view 2
2. Acknowledgement,
accommodation, or
refutation
*keep it at two points only
In your conclusion, be sure to include the following:
Restatement of the claim
Final appeals (usually this will be an emotional appeal)
Urge reader to take action
Essay Assignment #1: Using Rhetorical Strategies and Devices (4-5 pages)
For the first essay, you will focus on using rhetorical elements and their implication in writing. You will answer the following question and develop the answer appropriately:
1. What are you passionate about?
Your explanation will take the form of an argument in which you work to convince your audience (in this case, other MDC composition students and instructors), through the criteria below, that you as a writer are either successful or unsuccessful in the use of rhetorical strategies (ethos, logos, pathos). You also need to convince your audience that you have a good understanding of the audience, language and manner in which you present your topic as well as the rhetorical terms and concepts necessary to deliver a convincing argument.
This assignment does not ask you to write about you in broad terms. Instead, you are writing about you passion(s), and by the nature of the assignment, for the audience to partake in your excitement of said passions. Your audience should “feel” your passion and understand your passion. You’ll need to ask yourself: Do I have a solid thesis statement that carries my ideas? Do I use enough evidence? Do I use certain appeals to connect with his audience? Are my appeals used appropriately to convey a message?
Your paper should:
· Briefly summarize your major arguments and present your position in a fair and reasonable manner. Practice objectivity.
· Identify your rhetorical situation: Who is your audience? What is the social context? What is the purpose of his argument?
· Firmly state your claim about the topic
· Determine how your language, voice and style work to persuade your audience.
Length/Fo ...
Writing the Persuasive Essay What is a persuasiveargum.docx
Writing the Persuasive Essay
What is a persuasive/argument essay?
In persuasive writing, a writer takes a position FOR or AGAINST an issue and writes to
convince the reader to believe or do something
Persuasive writing, also known as the argument essay, utilizes logic and reason to show that
one idea is more legitimate than another idea. It attempts to persuade a reader to adopt a
certain point of view or to take a particular action. The argument must always use sound
reasoning and solid evidence by stating facts, giving logical reasons, using examples, and
quoting experts.
When planning a persuasive essay, follow these steps
1. Choose your position. Which side of the issue or problem are you going to write about,
and what solution will you offer? Know the purpose of your essay.
2. Analyze your audience. Decide if your audience agrees with you, is neutral, or
disagrees with your position.
3. Research your topic. A persuasive essay must provide specific and convincing
evidence. Often it is necessary to go beyond your own knowledge and experience. You
might need to go to the library or interview people who are experts on your topic.
4. Structure your essay. Figure out what evidence you will include and in what order you
will present the evidence. Remember to consider your purpose, your audience, and
your topic.
The following criteria are essential to produce an effective argument
• Be well informed about your topic. To add to your knowledge of a topic, read
thoroughly about it, using legitimate sources. Take notes.
• Test your thesis. Your thesis, i.e., argument, must have two sides. It must be
debatable. If you can write down a thesis statement directly opposing your own, you
will ensure that your own argument is debatable.
• Disprove the opposing argument. Understand the opposite viewpoint of your position
and then counter it by providing contrasting evidence or by finding mistakes and
inconsistencies in the logic of the opposing argument.
• Support your position with evidence. Remember that your evidence must appeal to
reason.
Parts of the Persuasive Essay
1. The Introduction
The introduction has a "hook or grabber" to catch the reader's attention. Some
"grabbers" include:
1. Opening with an unusual detail: (Manitoba, because of its cold climate, is not thought of as
a great place to be a reptile. Actually, it has the largest seasonal congregation of garter
snakes in the world!)
2. Opening with a strong statement: (Cigarettes are the number one cause of lighter sales in
Canada!)
3. Opening with a Quotation: (Elbert Hubbard once said , "Truth is stronger than fiction.")
4. Opening with an Anecdote: An anecdote can provide an amusing and attention-getting
opening if it is short and to the point.
5. Opening with a Statistic or Fact: Sometimes a statistic or fact will add emphasis or interest
to your topic. It may be wise to include the item's .
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- 2. Is a text which present a probematic discourse. The purpose of the text is to present information and argument from differing viewpoints. (adalah teks yang menyajikan suatu masalah yang problematik, mengandung unsur pro dan kontra. Tujuannya untuk menyajikan informasi dan argumen dari sudut pandang yang berbeda)
- 3. 1. Statement of issue, stating the issue which is to discussed. 2. Arguments For, state your point s for and elaborate on them 3. Argument Against, make your points against and elaborate on them. 4. Conclusion, conclusion of the issue.
- 4. 1. Introducing category or generic participant. 2.Using thinking verb : feel, hope, believe, etc. 3.Ussing additive, contrastive, and causal connection: similarly, on the hand, however, etc. 4.Using modalities : must, should, could, may, etc.