This document discusses various aspects of literacy learning and instruction. It addresses the importance of understanding students' cognitive and non-cognitive skills to help their literacy development. Examples of cognitive skills include spelling, writing, fluency and comprehension, while non-cognitive skills relate to attitudes, interests and learning styles. The document also discusses selecting appropriate texts for students using a literacy matrix, considering text type and difficulty. It emphasizes using interactive, critical and response perspectives in literacy lessons to engage students and help them think deeply.