1) Discrimination occurs when someone is treated unfairly based on characteristics like gender, race, or sexual orientation. Examples include unequal pay or treatment in schools, workplaces, or public spaces. 2) Unethical accounting involves intentionally misrepresenting financial information, such as overstating assets or hiding debts, to make a business appear more profitable. 3) Whistleblowing refers to reporting illegal, unethical, or dangerous activities in an organization to the relevant public authority.

1. BIRLA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
OFF CAMPUS : PATNA
SUBJECT: BUSINESS ETHICS
ASSIGNMENT ON: ETHICAL DILEMMA
SUBMITTED BY: RIMJHIM BANKA
UNIVERSITY ROLL NO:MBA/15012/22
SUBMITTED TO: Prof. Sohini Ghosh

2. DISCRIMATION : discrimination is an unfair means of treating people
unequal on the basis of per existing characteristic which can be race ,gender , sex
orientation , income. To "discriminate" against someone means to treat that
person in a different way or in such a manner that is not expectable in the eyes on
law. Discrimination can occur when your are in school, at work, or in a public
place, such as in a mall. You can be discriminated by your school friends, teachers,
coaches, co-workers, managers, or business owners etc .
Discrimination in an organization:
Now a days we can commonly see the discrimination in an organization on the
basis of task, remuneration paid, preferences, work timings and appraisal.
For an example : Discrimination happens
when the manager of any company treats its employee less favorably than others.
i.e female employee is getting less paid in comparison to male employee when
they are doing the same amount of work.
Harassment: It is when people intentionally or unintentionally
breaches the person’s dignity, degrading, humiliating or offensive
environment. Which can affect the person physical and mental state .This
can interfere with an individual’s learning, working or social environment.
Examples of Harassment may involve sexual harassment or be related to a
protected characteristic such as age, disability, gender reassignment,
pregnancy or maternity, race, colour, nationality, ethnic or national origin,
religion or belief, sex or sexual orientation. Some forms of harassment are
considered a hate crime. A hate incident or crime is an act of violence or
hostility against a person or property that is motivated by hostility or
prejudice towards a person because of a particular protected characteristic.

3. UNETHICAL ACCOUNTING : Unethical accounting happens
when businesses accounting bend their rules or policy
falsely in their financial statements to present a more
profitability than actually exists
For example, a business may intentionally list higher
assets but hide debt or other liabilities, perhaps to qualify
for a loan or to sell a business.
Health and safety : Safety and health at work refer to set of rules ,
programs, and practices that safeguard workers health and safety condition in
an organization . for their well-being, and health. The ultimate purpose of any
safety and health program is to provide the most secure working environment
and minimize the likelihood of injuries, accidents, and deaths on the job.
Health and safety at work safeguard the health of clients, the general
population, and all other people who could be in the same surroundings. If
health and safety guidelines are adhered to, they help stop accidents and
decrease the chance of injury to employees and illnesses. They can also cut
medical expenses, sick leave, and disability benefits.
For example : Company providing provident fund and family security at the
time of their recruitment .
Misuse of power: The definition of the misuse of power is
when someone in a position of authority, who can use the power they
have to oppress people in an inferior position or to induce them to
commit a wrongful act.
It is my belief that we need to understand the root causes of abusive
expressions of power, and address those root causes of behaviour as
a first step in changing the social structures that allow for such abuse
to take place. For example manager use their power to harass female
employee in organization by misusing the power.

4. Nepotism vs Favoritism: In the
workplace, favoritism is the practice of unfair favoring of one person or
a group over others. This can take the form of giving such person or
people promotions, raises, plum assignments, or even small perks like
preferable parking spots.
.
For example, if a boss comes from a certain ethnic background, she or
he may unconsciously favor an employee of the same ethnicity. Or, a
manager may be an outgoing extrovert who prefers having a working
relationship with a person that has a similar personality to his own.
Nepotism : refers to favoring relatives in hiring and promotion decisions.
For example : Monarch system in a kingdom . or a person is recruiting a
person from his / her blood line for the position which is higher in rank .
Insight Trading : Insider Trading is the act of purchasing,
selling, underwriting, or agreeing to underwrite the securities
or stocks of an organization by key executives/personnel of the
company who have access to UPSI - Unpublished Price Sensitive
Information regarding the company.
It is malpractice in which a company's unpublished sensitive
information is used to trade in the company's securities. Using this
information to make an improper profit or loss is called Insider Trading.
The information is said to be "price sensitive" because it can affect a
company's share price in the market.
BRIBE :Bribery is an ethical issue which involves the trading
or exchanging of favors, or other considerations in order to harm
the ideas or actions of others. Bribery can be seen everywhere it not

5. only exists in politics it can also be seen in business or in any other
government organizations.
Bribery is illegal, and party who is involved in a bribe can be
charged with a fine or the chances are put behind the bars in the
case of bribe if the charges are proven. So, what are some examples
of bribery in business.
for example, HR manager is Taking money in exchange of job
position in the organization.
A professional sports franchise bribes an official for preferential
treatment or to fix the outcome of a contest.
Larceny:
Larceny is an ethical issue which is involve in stealing the
cash from the books of account after recording the
transaction of that money which has been received by the
company. Larceny is very easy to be detected sometimes
because it is mentioned in the books of accounts. This
type of fraud is done by the employee of the company
without the consent knowledge of employee.
Examples of Larceny: Larceny often occurs at the cash register, cash
collection point, or from deposits in Bank.
Child Labor : Child labor is act of exploiting child to do
work which is not mend for their age. Child labor is an
offensive crime in the eye of a law. law say it is injustice to
deprive them from their childhood and education that they
should have at this age . When we think of child labor we
immediately imagine a child slaves who are working all
day and night in hard living condition , but this not the

6. exact meaning of child labor . child labor happens when a
child is unable to attend school from primary education
just because of the work load which can be mental work
load or physical work load. For example: when a child join
a work for part time to earn extra money for better living
condition but accidentally doesn’t understand that he has
started missing schools, physical activity and playing with
friends which are cause physical and mental stress and
making a child more mature before their age that is child
labor.
False Advertisement :.
Whistleblowing :