The document discusses the digital divide, which refers to unequal access to and knowledge of new technologies based on factors like income, geography, age, and social group. It notes that the divide impacts economies and increases inequality. The digital divide can be understood through factors like infrastructure access, device availability, training, user skills and content availability. Causes include low literacy, income, geographical barriers, and lack of motivation or access to technology. Ways to reduce the divide discussed include improving access through affordable internet and devices, education on technology use, and technical support. The divide is analyzed through frameworks of access gaps and types of divides.
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Pros And Cons Of The Digital Divide
Significance of the Digital Divide
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The Digital Divide Revisited Opportunity for all requires som.docxmehek4
The Digital Divide Revisited
"Opportunity for all requires something else today -- having access to a computer and knowing how to use it. That means we must close the digital divide between those who've got the tools and those who don't" (Clinton, 2000)
Even before President Clinton began a series of initiatives targeting the digital divide, the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) began surveying internet usage in the U.S., focusing on the "haves" versus the "have nots" as those terms referred to households or groups with access to computers and the internet. Although there is ongoing discussion about the ways and means of measuring the size of the gap, both in the U.S. and worldwide, generally the indicators of availability, access and utilization of Communications Technologies (ICTs) and the ICT Development Index (IDI)1 are used in research to determine the "gap between individuals, households, businesses and geographic areas at different socio-economic levels with regard both to their opportunities to access information and communication technologies and to their use of the Internet for a wide variety of activities” (Understanding the Digital Divide, 2001).
1 The ICT Development Index (IDI) is an index published by the United Nations International Telecommunication Union based on internationally agreed information and communication technologies (ICT) indicators.
The 2014 IDI report lists the United States as ranking 14th among 166 countries surveyed (up from 17th in 2012) (International Telecommunication Union, 2015). What are some of the indicators that are used to assess availability, access, and utilization of the internet? In a research study completed at the School of Business, University of Redlands (Pick, Sarkar, & Johnson, 2015), three areas of concentration are identified. First are the demographic factors. As might be expected, urban locations have the heaviest concentration of broadband access (high speed internet access) and mobile phone availability. Individual internet use in metropolitan areas varies along racial and ethnic lines. Rural residents are significantly less likely to access the Internet than urban and suburban residents. Housing density and people's socializing interactions also impact internet usage. We will discuss the impact of socializing factors later.
Second, economic factors, that is, income has been a significant factor in providing access to computers and in internet usage. Employment in professional jobs and in service industries is strongly associated with technology availability and use.
Third, the level of educational attainment certainly seems to impact both access to and use of the internet. It seems somewhat intuitive to say that the more educated a person, the better understanding that person has of technology and how to use it. In summary,
younger, white, better educated, more affluent, employed, urban and suburban Americans remain more likely to access the I ...
Policy Brief : Responsive e-inclusion of Europe’s older adults as a pre-condi...Mobile Age Project
Mobile Age project: https://www.mobile-age.eu/
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 693319.
This material reflects only the author's view and the Research Executive Agency (REA) is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains.
IMPACT OF COMPUTING ON HUMANITY (IN EVERY ASPECT: DOMESTIC, SOCIAL AND PROFES...Rauf Khalid
IMPACT OF COMPUTING ON HUMANITY (IN EVERY ASPECT: DOMESTIC, SOCIAL AND PROFESSIONALLY) RELATING FROM IT TO CS TO SE.
Definition – What does Computing mean?
Computing is the process of using computer technology to complete a given goal-oriented task.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
The Digital Divide Revisited Opportunity for all requires som.docxmehek4
The Digital Divide Revisited
"Opportunity for all requires something else today -- having access to a computer and knowing how to use it. That means we must close the digital divide between those who've got the tools and those who don't" (Clinton, 2000)
Even before President Clinton began a series of initiatives targeting the digital divide, the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) began surveying internet usage in the U.S., focusing on the "haves" versus the "have nots" as those terms referred to households or groups with access to computers and the internet. Although there is ongoing discussion about the ways and means of measuring the size of the gap, both in the U.S. and worldwide, generally the indicators of availability, access and utilization of Communications Technologies (ICTs) and the ICT Development Index (IDI)1 are used in research to determine the "gap between individuals, households, businesses and geographic areas at different socio-economic levels with regard both to their opportunities to access information and communication technologies and to their use of the Internet for a wide variety of activities” (Understanding the Digital Divide, 2001).
1 The ICT Development Index (IDI) is an index published by the United Nations International Telecommunication Union based on internationally agreed information and communication technologies (ICT) indicators.
The 2014 IDI report lists the United States as ranking 14th among 166 countries surveyed (up from 17th in 2012) (International Telecommunication Union, 2015). What are some of the indicators that are used to assess availability, access, and utilization of the internet? In a research study completed at the School of Business, University of Redlands (Pick, Sarkar, & Johnson, 2015), three areas of concentration are identified. First are the demographic factors. As might be expected, urban locations have the heaviest concentration of broadband access (high speed internet access) and mobile phone availability. Individual internet use in metropolitan areas varies along racial and ethnic lines. Rural residents are significantly less likely to access the Internet than urban and suburban residents. Housing density and people's socializing interactions also impact internet usage. We will discuss the impact of socializing factors later.
Second, economic factors, that is, income has been a significant factor in providing access to computers and in internet usage. Employment in professional jobs and in service industries is strongly associated with technology availability and use.
Third, the level of educational attainment certainly seems to impact both access to and use of the internet. It seems somewhat intuitive to say that the more educated a person, the better understanding that person has of technology and how to use it. In summary,
younger, white, better educated, more affluent, employed, urban and suburban Americans remain more likely to access the I ...
Policy Brief : Responsive e-inclusion of Europe’s older adults as a pre-condi...Mobile Age Project
Mobile Age project: https://www.mobile-age.eu/
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 693319.
This material reflects only the author's view and the Research Executive Agency (REA) is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains.
IMPACT OF COMPUTING ON HUMANITY (IN EVERY ASPECT: DOMESTIC, SOCIAL AND PROFES...Rauf Khalid
IMPACT OF COMPUTING ON HUMANITY (IN EVERY ASPECT: DOMESTIC, SOCIAL AND PROFESSIONALLY) RELATING FROM IT TO CS TO SE.
Definition – What does Computing mean?
Computing is the process of using computer technology to complete a given goal-oriented task.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
The Art of the Pitch: WordPress Relationships and SalesLaura Byrne
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The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
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2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
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Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
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Let me take this questions and provide you a short journey through existing deployment models and use cases for AI software. On practical examples, we discuss what cloud/on-premise strategy we may need for applying it to our own infrastructure to get it to work from an enterprise perspective. I want to give an overview about infrastructure requirements and technologies, what could be beneficial or limiting your AI use cases in an enterprise environment. An interactive Demo will give you some insides, what approaches I got already working for real.
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersSafe Software
Are you looking to streamline your workflows and boost your projects’ efficiency? Do you find yourself searching for ways to add flexibility and control over your FME workflows? If so, you’re in the right place.
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Don’t miss this opportunity to elevate your FME expertise and drive your projects to new heights of efficiency.
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Here is something new! In our next Connector Corner webinar, we will demonstrate how you can use a single workflow to:
Create a campaign using Mailchimp with merge tags/fields
Send an interactive Slack channel message (using buttons)
Have the message received by managers and peers along with a test email for review
But there’s more:
In a second workflow supporting the same use case, you’ll see:
Your campaign sent to target colleagues for approval
If the “Approve” button is clicked, a Jira/Zendesk ticket is created for the marketing design team
But—if the “Reject” button is pushed, colleagues will be alerted via Slack message
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3. Digital Divide
The digital divide refers to the difference in access to and
knowledge of the use of new technologies . It is usually
determined based on different criteria, for example
economic, geographical, gender, age or between different
social groups.
The sociological term 'digital divide' refers to unequal
access to information and communication technology
based on social, economic, cultural and political factors.
4.
5. The digital divide depends on five factors that determine the level of equality of
access to information technology systems:
1) the existence of physical infrastructure for transmission;
2) the availability of connection equipment such as a computer, modem, and
access line;
3) training in the use of the computers and the Internet;
4) intellectual capacities and the social insertion of users (this is the product of
the educational and intellectual level, profession and the social network that
determines the effective use of information and the necessities of Internet
communication;
5) the production and use of specific contents adapted to the needs of the diverse
segments of the population.
The Dimensions of the Digital Divide
6.
7. Causes of Digital Divide
1.Low literacy and income levels
2.Geographical restrictions
3.Lack of motivation to use technology
4.Lack of physical access to technology
5.Digital illiteracy contribute to the digital
divide.
8. 1. Government Needs to Step Up.
2. More Digital Learning.
3. Digital Awareness.
4. Use Local Languages in Online Learning
Materials.
5. Special Resources for Physically Incapable
Students.
6. Address Social Issues.
How to Mend the Digital Divide Problem?
9.
10. The digital divide has an overall negative impact on the
economy and deepens income inequality. Without digital
skills and knowledge of advanced technologies, citizens
are unable to progress in their careers and contribute less to
the country's economy. As a result, the economy becomes
less competitive.
According to a statement by the United Nations,
governments can significantly reduce the digital divide gap
if they reduce the prices of technological devices, internet
services, electricity tariffs, and taxes.
Overall Impact of Digital Divide
11. 1. Access divide: It refers to the possibilities that people have to access this
resource. This is where socio-economic differences between people and
between countries come into play, since digitization requires very costly
investments and infrastructure for less developed regions and for rural areas.
2. Use divide: It refers to the lack of digital skills, which impedes the
handling of technology. In this regard, and to give an example, the ITU
points out that there are 40 countries in which more than half of their
inhabitants do not know how to attach a file to an email.
3. Quality of use gap: Sometimes they have the digital skills to find their
way around the Internet, but not the knowledge to make good use of and get
the most out of it. For example, with regard to access to quality information.
The Types of Digital Divide
12. The digital divide up into three stages:
1. The economic divide: the idea that some people can
afford to have a computer and Internet access while others
cannot. Because of the price of hardware has continued to
drop and, at this point, we can now access digital
technologies, such as smartphones, for very little. This
fact, means that for all intents and purposes, the economic
divide is a moot point and we should not focus our
resources on solving it.
A New Understanding of the Digital Divide
13. 2. The usability divide: the usability divide is
concerned with the fact that “technology remains so
complicated that many people couldn’t use a
computer even if they got one for free.” And even for
those who can use a computer, accessing all the
benefits of having one is beyond their understanding.
Included in this group are those with low literacy and
seniors. We know how to help these users, but we are
not doing it because there is little profit in doing so.
14. 3. The empowerment divide: the empowerment
divide is the most difficult to solve. It is concerned
with how we use technology to empower ourselves.
Very few users truly understand the power that
digital technologies can give them. Many people
will limit what they can do online by accepting the
basic, default settings of their computer and not
work to understand how they can truly be
empowered.
15. The digital divide is a term that refers to the gap
between demographics and regions that have access to
modern information and communications technology
(ICT), and those that don't or have restricted access.
This technology can include the telephone, television,
personal computers and internet connectivity.
In terms of geographies, Africa remains the
continent with the biggest digital divide and lowest
internet penetration.
Facts and Example
16. The model of access gaps explains the cumulative role of
four types of access gaps:
1. Motivational access: motivational access divide can be
social, cultural, mental and psychological. For example,
low levels of education, income, computer anxiety and lack
of time.
2. Material access: Material access is influenced directly
by income.
The model of access gaps
17. 3. Skills access: there are three different types of skills in this area they are:
1. Operational skills - the ability to use the software and hardware.
2. Information skills - the ability to search, select and process information in
computer and network sources.
3. Strategic skills - the ability to use computer and networks to reach a
particular goal.
4. Usage access: usage access refers to the differential use of applications in
daily practices and also includes:
1. time and frequency.
2. how active or creative internet use is
3. quality of internet, e.g. broadband or dial up.
18. 1. An affordable, good-bandwidth Internet service.
2. Devices with Internet access to meet everyone's
needs.
3. Educational pathways to use the Internet and other
digital technologies.
4. A quality technical support.
HOW TO REDUCE THE DIGITAL DIVIDE?
19. Through previous research and observations, the
digital divide is evident within healthcare,
education, and daily living. The consequences of
the digital divide can range but research has
shown that the gap can impact the health of the
population as there is an issue regarding equal
access and digital literacy levels.
Conclusion
20. References
1. van Dijk, J. (2012). The Evolution of the Divide: The Digital Divide
turns to Inequality of skills and Usage. Digital Enlightenment Yearbook
2012.
2. Ghobadi, S., & Ghobadi, Z. (2015). How access gaps interact and shape
digital divide: a cognitive investigation. Behaviour & Information
Technology, 34(4).
3. Nielsen, Jakob. (2006). Behavior Patterns (Digital Divide: The 3 Stages).