Different types of welding process

2. WELCOME TO OUR
PRESENTATION

3. DIFFERENT TYOES OF WELDING TECHNOLOGY USED IN
MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY
Submitted by-
NAME REGISTRATION NO.
1. Razeen Ansari D212207395
2. Rejabul Ali Khan D212207396
3. Rishab Kamilya D212207397
4. Soumen Garai D222310612
5. Kartick Barik D222310613
6. Avishek Patra D222310614
7. Tanmay Pandit D222310616
Under the Guidance of:
Mr. Bidhan Chandra Kumar (Lecturer in mechanical engineering)
Mr. Suvendu Middya (HOD/Lecturer in mechanical engineering)
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING/ GHATAL GOVERNMENT
POLYTECHNIC
Konnagar, Ghatal,West Bengal, 721212,India

4. T
We are thankful to MCKV INSTRITUTE OF ENGINEERING,was a grate change for learning and professional development.
Therefore,I consider myself as a very lucky individual as I was provided with an opportunity to be a part of it.I am also
grateful for having a change to meet so many wonderful people and professional who led me through this internship
period.
Bearing in mind previous I am using this opportunity to express my deepest gratitude and special thankus to the Dr.
Jaideep Dutta, Assistant professor and head of the department,Department Of Mechanical Engineering (MCKVIE).And
Mr. Arijit Ghosh,Laboratory Instructor,Department of mechanical engineering(MCKVIE)Who in spite of being
extraordinarily busy with her/his duties,took out on the correct path and allowing me to caeey out my project at their
esteemed organization and extending during the training.
With great pleasure, we express our heartiest thanks to whole of engineering family at Ghatal Government Polytechnic.
It is my radiant sentiment to place on record my best regards, deepest sense of gratitude to Mr. Suvendu Middya(HOD,
Department of Mechanical Engineering).Mr. Bidhan Chandra Kumar(Lecturer in Mechanical Engineering),Mr. Soumendu
Hazra(O.L.C. Of Ghatal Government Polytechnic) for their careful and precious guidance which were extremly valuable
for my study both theoretically and practically.
I perceive as this opportunity as a big milestone in my career development. I will strive to use gained skills and
knowledge in the best possible way, and I will continue to work on their improvement, in order to attain desired career
objectives. Hope to continue cooperation with all of you in the future, Sincerely.
Date- 1. Razeen Ansari(D212207395) 5. Kartick
Barik(D222310613)
Ghatal, Konnagar, 2. Rejabul Ali Khan(D212207396) 6. Avishek
Patra(D222310614)

5. CONTENTS
Introduction_________________________________________
Welding____________________________________________
Types of Welding_____________________________________
Arc Welding(Metal Arc)_________________________________
Gas Welding(Oxy-Acetylene)____________________________
Objective______________________________________________
Study________________________________________________
Future Scope__________________________________________
Conclusion____________________________________________
Limitation_____________________________________________
Reference_____________________________________________

6. INTRODUCTION
WELDING IS A PROCESS OF JOINING SIMILAR AND DISSIMILAR METALS OR OTHER
MATERIAL BY APPLICATION OF HEAT WITH OR WITHOUT APPLICATION OF PRESSURE
AND ADDITION OF FILLER MATERIAL. IT IS USED AS PERMANENT FASTENERS. WELDING
IS ESSENTIAL PROCESS OF EVERY MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. IN FACT, THE
FUTURE OF ANY NEW METAL MAY DEPEND ON HOW FAR IT WOULD LEND ITSELF TO
FABRICATION BY WELDING.
THE WELDABILITY HAS BEEN DEFINED AS THE CAPACITY OF BEING WELDED INTO
INSEPARABLE JOINTS HAVING SPECIFIED PROPERTIES SUCH AS DEFINITE WELD
STRENGTH PROPER STRUCTURE. THE WELDABILITY OF ANY METAL DEPENDS ON FIVE
MAJOR FACTORS. THESE ARE MELTING POINT, THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY, THERMAL
EXPANSION, SURFACE CONDITION, AND CHANGE IN MICROSTRUCTURE.

7. WELDING
Welding is a fabrication process that joins materials, usually metals or thermoplastics, by using
high heat to melt the parts together and allowing them to cool, causing fusion. Welding is
distinct from lower temperature techniques such as brazing and soldering, which do not melt the
base metal.

8. TYPES OF WELDING
1. Plastic welding:
In plastic welding or pressure welding process, the pieces of metal to be joined are heated to a plastic state and then forced together by external pressure.
These welding are also known as liquid-solid welding process. This procedure is used in forge welding and resistance welding.
2. Fusion welding:
In the fusion welding or no pressure welding process, the material at the joint is heated to a molten state and allowed to solidify.
These welding are also known as liquid state welding process. This includes gas welding, arc welding, thermite welding etc.
3. Cold welding:
In this welding process, the joints are produced without application of heat, but by applying pressure which results diffusion or inter-surface molecular fusion of
the parts to be joined. It is also known as solid state welding process.
This process is mainly used for welding nonferrous sheet metal, particularly aluminum and its alloys.
This includes ultrasonic welding, friction welding, Explosive welding etc.

9. ARC WELDING
• Arc welding is a welding process that is used to join metal to metal by using electricity to create
enough heat to melt metal, and the melted metals, when cool, result in a binding of the metals. It is
a type of welding that uses a welding power supply to create an electric arc between a metal stick
("electrode") and the base material to melt the metals at the point of contact. Arc welding power
supplies can deliver either direct (DC) or alternating (AC) current to the work, while consumable or
non-consumable electrodes are used.
• The welding area is usually protected by some type of shielding gas (e.g. an inert gas), vapor, or
slag. Arc welding processes may be manual, semi-automatic, or fully automated. First developed in
the late part of the 19th century, arc welding became commercially important in shipbuilding during
the Second World War. Today it remains an important process for the fabrication of steel structures
and vehicles.

10. GAS WELDING
• Gas welding with an oxyacetylene flame was developed in France at the end of the 19th
century. The first torch suitable for welding was made by Edmund Fouche and Charles Picard in
about 1900. The use of acetylene and oxygen made it possible to produce a comparatively
high flame temperature, 3100 °C, which is higher than that of other hydrocarbon based gases.
The torch became the most important tool for welding and cutting of steel.
• Acetylene gas had been discovered much earlier in England when Edmund Davy in England
found that a flammable gas was produced when carbide was decomposed in water. The gas
proved to be excellent for illumination when burned and this soon became the main use of
acetylene.
• However, numerous large explosions occurred when the gas was transported and used. It was found
that acetone could dissolve large quantities of acetylene, especially if the pressure was increased. In
1896 Chatelier developed a safe way of storing acetylene by the use of acetone and a porous stone
inside a cylinder (see Figure 1.3). The Swede Gustaf Dahlén at AGA changed the composition of the
porous content and managed to make acetylene storage 100 % safe.

11. OBJECTIVE
• The objectives of learning welding include teaching students the proper
techniques and procedures for shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) . This
training system aims to help first-time welding students learn the correct
methods for achieving good welds and to recognize and correct poor
techniques . It also aims to broaden the skills of experienced welders and
provide retraining or recertification opportunities . The use of virtual learning
environments and technology, such as augmented reality and virtual reality,
can enhance the learning experience and reduce waste of test materials . In
industrial settings, supervised learning can be used to predict the reliability
of manufacturing processes, such as welding, by analyzing lifetime data and
performing end-of-life tests . Overall, the objectives of learning welding are
to ensure students learn the necessary skills, understand the relations
between teaching and learning, and improve the efficiency and quality of
welding processes .

12. STUDY
WELDING IS A FABRICATION PROCESS WHEREBY TWO OR MORE PARTS
ARE FUSED TOGETHER BY MEANS OF HEAT, PRESSURE OR BOTH FORMING
A JOIN AS THE PARTS COOL. WELDING IS USUALLY USED ON METALS AND
THERMOPLASTICS BUT CAN ALSO BE USED ON WOOD. THE COMPLETED
WELDED JOINT MAY BE REFERRED TO AS A WELDMENT.

13. FUTURE SCOPE
TRENDS AFFECTING THE FUTURE OF WELDING TECHNOLOGY AND MANUFACTURING INCLUDE A
LACK OF WORKFORCE AND LACK OF PEOPLE UNDERSTANDING THE WELDING PROCESS, THE NEED
TO LOCALIZE MANUFACTURING DUE TO DISRUPTIONS IN INTERNATIONAL LOGISTICS CHAINS, AND A
TREND TOWARDS SMALL SERIES FLEXIBLE MANUFACTURING. COMPANIES WHO ARE WILLING TO
ADOPT MODERN TECHNOLOGY AND SEE CHANGE AS AN OPPORTUNITY WILL WIN THE
COMPETITION OVER A TALENTED WORKFORCE AND ORDERS. ONE OF THE MOST BENEFICIAL WAYS
TO RESPOND TO FUTURE CHALLENGES IS INTELLIGENT ROBOTIC WELDING SOLUTIONS. MODERN
AUTOMATION TECHNOLOGY ENFORCES SAFETY, EFFICIENCY, AND FLEXIBILITY.

14. CONCLUSION
IN CONCLUSION, MODERN WELDING MECHANIZATION GUARANTEES HIGHER EFFICIENCY,
QUALITY, PRODUCTIVITY, AND FINISH. WELDING MEASURES HAVE IMPROVED
NUMEROUS AREAS, AND THEIR PREFERENCES HAVE MADE WELDING/MANUFACTURE A
DEVELOPING INDUSTRY; ESPECIALLY ARC WELDING. IN ANY CASE, QUALITY AND
SECURITY GUIDELINES MUST BE KEPT UP CONSISTENTLY, INSEPARABLY WITH REGULAR
SUPPORT. MECHANICAL WELDING IS IN PROGRESSIVE POPULARITY, AND AS IT IS A
PARTICULAR CYCLE, THE REQUIREMENT FOR STANDOUT MODERN WELDING FIRMS HAS
NEVER BEEN HIGHER. ON THE OFF CHANCE THAT YOU NEED MODERN WELDING
PERFORMED, AT THAT POINT, CONTACT YOUR NEARBY WELDER/FABRICATOR TODAY FOR
MORE DATA.

15. LIMITATION
• 1. Welding is more economical and is much faster process as compared
to other processes (riveting, bolting, casting etc.)
• 2. Welding, if properly controlled results permanent joints having
strength equal or sometimes more than base metal.
• 3. Large number of metals and alloys both similar and dissimilar can be
joined by welding.
• 4. General welding equipment is not very costly.
• 5. Portable welding equipments can be easily made available.
• 6. Welding permits considerable freedom in design.
• 7. Welding can join welding jobs through spots, as continuous pressure
tight seams, end-to-end and in a number of other configurations.
• 8. Welding can also be mechanized.

16. REFERANCE
• 1. American Welding Society, Welding Handbooks, “Welding Science and Technology”, Vol.
1(2003), Ninth Edition.
• 2. Shen, H., “Seam Position Detection in Pulsed Gas Metal Arc Welding”, M.Sc. Thesis,
Wollongong University, Australia, (2003).
• 3. S. Kou “Welding Metallurgy”, A J. Wily and sons-Science publication, New York, Second
Edition, (2002).
• 4. American Welding Society, Welding Handbooks, “Welding Processes”, Vol. 2 (1997), Eighth
Edition.
• 5. Karadeniz, E., Ozsarac, U., and Yildiz, C., “The Effect of Process Parameters in Gas Metal Arc
Welding Process”, Materials and Design, Vol. 28, pp. 649-656, (2007).
• 6. Ebrahimnia, M., Goodarzi, M., Nouri, M., and Sheikhi, M., “Study of the Effect of Shielding
Gas Composition on the Mechanical Weld Properties of Steel St. 37-2 in Gas Metal Arc Welding”,
Materials and Design, Vol. 30, pp. 3891–3895, (2009).
• 7. Gertsovich, I., Svanberg, N., “Analysis of MIG Welding with Aim on Quality”, M.Sc. Thesis,
Blekinge Institute of Technology, Sweden, (2008).
• 8. Absi Alfaro S.C., Carvalho G.C., De Melo Junior S.A., “Stand off’s Indirect Estimation in
GMAW”, Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 3-7, pp. 157–158, (2004).

17. THANK
YOU