This document discusses the potential of the DICOMweb standard and provides an example implementation of a DICOMweb interface. DICOMweb defines RESTful web services for storing, querying, and retrieving DICOM objects in a lightweight and standards-based way. The example implementation demonstrates a standalone DICOMweb server that connects to any PACS using conventional DICOM services and exposes STOW, QIDO, and WADO RESTful interfaces defined in DICOMweb. The accompanying client module allows users to search for and retrieve studies from the PACS as well as upload new images using the STOW service with features like on-the-fly compression and de-identification.

1. Amandine Le Maitre
/ DICOMweb (STOW, WADO, QIDO):
Potential and implementation sample /
17/03/2016

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DICOMweb

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PACS in the radiology department
Transfer of images from modalities to the PACS
Context

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PACS in the radiology department
Transfer of images from modalities to the PACS
Context
RadiologyModality

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Increasing use of medical images for diagnostic
and treatment in several hospital departments
Distribution of the image repositories intra and
inter enterprise
Context
RadiologyModality
Cardiology
Digital
pathology

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Conventional DICOM DIMSE services not adapted
to this context
Complex protocol (negotiations)
Not optimal for large series of instances
Not adapted to web applications
static IP addresses
Requires specific network application layer (not HTTP)
DICOMweb (PS3.18) answers to these issues
Context

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RESTful services to:
Search for DICOM objects
QIDO (Query based on ID for DICOM Objects)
DICOM PS3.18 6.7
Store DICOM objects
STOW (STore Over the Web)
DICOM PS3.18 6.6
Retrieve DICOM objects
WADO (Web Access to DICOM persistent Objects)
DICOM PS3.18 6.5
DICOMweb

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Service
/studies Search for all studies
/studies/{StudyUID}/series Search for all series in study
/series Search for all series
/studies/{StudyUID}/series/{seriesUID}/instances Search for all instances in series
/studies/{StudyUID}/instances Search for all instances in study
/instances Search for all instances
Search for studies, series or instances
GET {service}/[?query]
QIDO Request

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Query
{attributeID}={value} Filter according to DICOM tags (eg.
PatientName=IDEFIX)
Includefield={attributeID} Include a DICOM attribute that is not in the default
response
fuzzyMatching=true/false Fuzzy semantic matching of person names
limit={maximumResults} Limit the number of results
offset={skippedResults} Skip the first results
Search for studies, series or instances
GET {service}/[?query]
QIDO Request

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QIDO Response
DICOM PS3.19 XML (application/dicom+xml)
<NativeDICOMModel>
<DicomAttribute tag="00080020" vr="DA">
<Value number="1">20080701</Value>
</DicomAttribute>
<DicomAttribute tag="00080030" vr="TM">
<Value number="1">141007.000000</Value>
</DicomAttribute>
<DicomAttribute tag="00080050" vr="SH">
<Value number="1">KLNIX2014</Value>
</DicomAttribute>
<DicomAttribute tag="00080056" vr="CS">
<Value number="1">ONLINE</Value>
</DicomAttribute>
<DicomAttribute tag="00080061" vr="CS">
<Value number="1">CT</Value>
</DicomAttribute>
<DicomAttribute tag="00080090" vr="PN">
<PersonName number="1">
<Alphabetic>
<FamilyName>REF</FamilyName>
<GivenName>NAME</GivenName>

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QIDO Response
DICOM PS3.19 XML (application/dicom+xml)
DICOM JSON (application/json)
[
{
"00080020" : {
"Value" : [
"20080701"
],
"vr" : "DA"
},
"00080030" : {
"Value" : [
"141007.000000"
],
"vr" : "TM"
},
"00080050" : {
"Value" : [
"KLNIX2014"
],
"vr" : "SH"
},
"00080056" : {

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Service
/studies Store DICOM objects
/studies/{StudyInstanceUID} Store one specific study
POST {service}
STOW Request

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POST {service}/studies/{StudyInstanceUID} HTTP/1.1
Content-Type: multipart/related; type=application/dicom; boundary=myBoundary
--myBoundary
Content-Type: application/dicom
Content-ID: {SOPInstanceUID}
.. Binary DICOM object ..
--myBoundary
Content-Type: application/dicom
Content-ID: {SOPInstanceUID}
.. Binary DICOM object ..
--myBoundary--
POST {service}
Send either
DICOM objects
STOW Request

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POST {service}/studies/{StudyInstanceUID} HTTP/1.1
Content-Type: multipart/related; type=application/json; boundary=myBoundary
--myBoundary
Content-Type: application/json; transfer-syntax={TransferSyntaxUID}
.. JSON metadata ..
--myBoundary
Content-Type: application/octet-stream
Content-Location: {BulkDataURI}
.. BulkData element ..
--myBoundary—
POST {service}
Send either
DICOM objects
Metadata and bulkdata separatly
STOW Request

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« Store Instances Response Module »
represented in XML or JSON format
STOW Response
Attribute Name tag Description
FailedSOPSequence 00081198 List of instances that could not be stored
>ReferencedSOPClassUID 00081150
>ReferencedSOPInstanceUID 00081155
>FailureReason 00081197
ReferencedSOPSequence 00081199 List of instances that were succesfully stored
>ReferencedSOPClassUID 00081150
>ReferencedSOPInstanceUID 00081155
>WarningReason 00081196

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WADO Request
Retrieve study, series, instances, frames, bulkdata or
metadata
GET {service}
Service
/studies/{StudyUID} Retrieve a study
/studies/{StudyUID}/series/{seriesUID} Retrieve a series
/studies/{StudyUID}/series/{seriesUID}/instances/{instanceUID} Retrieve an instance
/studies/{StudyUID}/series/{SeriesUID}/instances/{instanceUID}/
frames/{FrameList}
Retrieve frames
{BulkDataURL} Retrieve bulkData
/studies/{StudyUID}[/series/{seriesUID}/instances/{instanceUID}]
/metadata
Retrieve metadata of a study, a
series or an instance

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Content-type : multipart/related
Retrieve study, series or instances
DICOM response
Bulkdata response (compressed or uncompressed)
Retrieve metadata
XML or JSON format
Retrieve frames
Compressed or uncompressed
Retrieve bulkdata
One bulkdata compressed or uncompressed
WADO Response

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Implementation
Sample

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Goal :
implement a DICOMweb
interface to any PACS
Lightweight (pure JS
client)
Standalone
Conformant to DICOMweb
b<>com [Rest DICOM library]
b<>com [Rest
DICOM Library]
PACS
C-STORE
C-FIND
C-MOVE
RESTful services
STOW/QIDO/WADO
DB
proprietary

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3 services : stow/qido/wado
Grammar based URL parsing and validation
(ABNF)
Converting HTTP requests to standard DIMSE
services
STOW to C-STORE
QIDO to C-FIND
WADO to C-MOVE
Server Module

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Can connect to any DICOMweb compliant server
Display studies present in the PACS
Client Module

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Client Module

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Client Module

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Can connect to any DICOMweb compliant server
Display studies present in the PACS
Upload images via STOW
Compression on the fly
De-identification (with encryption of original values)
Resumable upload
Client Module

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Client Module

26. www.b-com.com
Merci / Thanks
/ amandine.lemaitre@b-com.com /