This document discusses the principles of design known as CRAP (Contrast, Repetition, Alignment, Proximity) and adds an additional principle of "Show". It provides examples of using the D3.js library to manipulate and style elements on a web page to demonstrate these design principles. The document selects and styles elements to change the background color, text color, margins, padding, and letter spacing to illustrate how CRAP and showing elements improves visual design.