DEMO.ppt
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This document discusses arrays in Arduino programming. It defines arrays as collections of variables of the same data type that allow storing multiple values under a single name. Accessing array elements requires specifying an index number. The document provides examples of declaring integer arrays, initializing arrays with starting values, and accessing array values using indexes to control LED pins on a circuit. It includes code for an array program that turns on LEDs with a 1 second delay to demonstrate using arrays. Finally, it presents an assignment to write a program using arrays to turn an LED on for 1 second and off for 2 seconds based on a provided circuit diagram.
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Homework Assignment – Array Technical DocumentWrite a technical .pdf
Homework Assignment – Array Technical Document
Write a technical document that describes the structure and use of arrays. The document should
be 3 to 5 pages and include an Introduction section, giving a brief synopsis of the document and
arrays, a Body section, describing arrays and giving an annotated example of their use as a
programming construct, and a conclusion to revisit important information about arrays described
in the Body of the document. Some suggested material to include:
Declaring arrays of various types
Array pointers
Printing and processing arrays
Sorting and searching arrays
Multidimensional arrays
Indexing arrays of various dimension
Array representation in memory by data type
Passing arrays as arguments
If you find any useful images on the Internet, you can use them as long as you cite the source in
end notes.
Solution
Array is a collection of variables of the same type that are referenced by a common name.
Specific elements or variables in the array are accessed by means of index into the array.
If taking about C, In C all arrays consist of contiguous memory locations. The lowest address
corresponds to the first element in the array while the largest address corresponds to the last
element in the array.
C supports both single and multi-dimensional arrays.
1) Single Dimension Arrays:-
Syntax:- type var_name[size];
where type is the type of each element in the array, var_name is any valid identifier, and size is
the number of elements in the array which has to be a constant value.
*Array always use zero as index to first element.
The valid indices for array above are 0 .. 4, i.e. 0 .. number of elements - 1
For Example :- To load an array with values 0 .. 99
int x[100] ;
int i ;
for ( i = 0; i < 100; i++ )
x[i] = i ;
To determine to size of an array at run time the sizeof operator is used. This returns the size in
bytes of its argument. The name of the array is given as the operand
size_of_array = sizeof ( array_name ) ;
2) Initialisg array:-
Arrays can be initialised at time of declaration in the following manner.
type array[ size ] = { value list };
For Example :-
int i[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5 } ;
i[0] = 1, i[1] = 2, etc.
The size specification in the declaration may be omitted which causes the compiler to count the
number of elements in the value list and allocate appropriate storage.
For Example :- int i[ ] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 } ;
3) Multidimensional array:-
Multidimensional arrays of any dimension are possible in C but in practice only two or three
dimensional arrays are workable. The most common multidimensional array is a two
dimensional array for example the computer display, board games, a mathematical matrix etc.
Syntax :type name [ rows ] [ columns ] ;
For Example :- 2D array of dimension 2 X 3.
int d[ 2 ] [ 3 ] ;
A two dimensional array is actually an array of arrays, in the above case an array of two integer
arrays (the rows) each with three elements, and is stored row-wise in memory.
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• Visuals: Include images or icons representing ethical considerations.
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potential misuse of genetic information.
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patient rights.
• Visuals: Include images or icons representing ethical considerations.
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Homework Assignment – Array Technical DocumentWrite a technical .pdf
Homework Assignment – Array Technical Document
Write a technical document that describes the structure and use of arrays. The document should
be 3 to 5 pages and include an Introduction section, giving a brief synopsis of the document and
arrays, a Body section, describing arrays and giving an annotated example of their use as a
programming construct, and a conclusion to revisit important information about arrays described
in the Body of the document. Some suggested material to include:
Declaring arrays of various types
Array pointers
Printing and processing arrays
Sorting and searching arrays
Multidimensional arrays
Indexing arrays of various dimension
Array representation in memory by data type
Passing arrays as arguments
If you find any useful images on the Internet, you can use them as long as you cite the source in
end notes.
Solution
Array is a collection of variables of the same type that are referenced by a common name.
Specific elements or variables in the array are accessed by means of index into the array.
If taking about C, In C all arrays consist of contiguous memory locations. The lowest address
corresponds to the first element in the array while the largest address corresponds to the last
element in the array.
C supports both single and multi-dimensional arrays.
1) Single Dimension Arrays:-
Syntax:- type var_name[size];
where type is the type of each element in the array, var_name is any valid identifier, and size is
the number of elements in the array which has to be a constant value.
*Array always use zero as index to first element.
The valid indices for array above are 0 .. 4, i.e. 0 .. number of elements - 1
For Example :- To load an array with values 0 .. 99
int x[100] ;
int i ;
for ( i = 0; i < 100; i++ )
x[i] = i ;
To determine to size of an array at run time the sizeof operator is used. This returns the size in
bytes of its argument. The name of the array is given as the operand
size_of_array = sizeof ( array_name ) ;
2) Initialisg array:-
Arrays can be initialised at time of declaration in the following manner.
type array[ size ] = { value list };
For Example :-
int i[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5 } ;
i[0] = 1, i[1] = 2, etc.
The size specification in the declaration may be omitted which causes the compiler to count the
number of elements in the value list and allocate appropriate storage.
For Example :- int i[ ] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 } ;
3) Multidimensional array:-
Multidimensional arrays of any dimension are possible in C but in practice only two or three
dimensional arrays are workable. The most common multidimensional array is a two
dimensional array for example the computer display, board games, a mathematical matrix etc.
Syntax :type name [ rows ] [ columns ] ;
For Example :- 2D array of dimension 2 X 3.
int d[ 2 ] [ 3 ] ;
A two dimensional array is actually an array of arrays, in the above case an array of two integer
arrays (the rows) each with three elements, and is stored row-wise in memory.
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This document provides an overview of arrays and linked lists as data structures. It discusses arrays, including declaration, initialization, updating elements, and multi-dimensional arrays. It also covers searching arrays, why arrays are needed, pros and cons of arrays, and character strings as arrays. The document then introduces linked lists as a data structure and discusses linked list operations like printing all elements, adding nodes, appending nodes, inserting nodes, and deleting nodes. Homework questions on arrays and linked lists are provided at the end.
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DEMO.ppt
- 1. STREAM: CIRCUITS AND IOT WITH ARDUINO
- 3. Arrays An array is a collection of variables with the same data types. It is a very useful enhancement to variables that allows a single variable name to store multiple values. To access the stored information inside an array, the location of the data needs to be specified when using an array. This location is also known as the Index of the array and the stored information inside the array is called Elements. The index of an array always starts the counting from Zero.
- 4. Array • int – is a variable data type that can store whole numbers. • ledPin - is the variable name. This follows the rules when naming variables. • [ ] Square Brackets - After the variable name, a set of square brackets must be put with a number inside of it. This number represents the size of the array, also known as the number of "Elements” inside an array. ; semicolon - A semicolon is placed after the square brackets to indicate the end of the statement.
- 5. Array With this example, we have 5 elements that can store integer information. If we want to access the first element, we need to call index zero. Just like this: ledPin [0] Since the index starts at zero and we only have 5 elements inside the array, we can say:
- 6. Array If we want to store information in every element, we can declare in the parameter: ledPin [0] ledPin [1] ledPin [2] ledPin [3] ledPin [4] Similar to a regular variable, an array must be declared before it can be used.
- 7. How do we initialize an array? When an array is used in a function, typically it is not assigned yet will values. With this, we can call the index of the array and store information, just like the example given above. In other cases, arrays can be explicitly given values. These values need to be inside a set of curly braces after an equal symbol. For example: int ledPin [5] = {2, 3, 4, 5, 8}; This line of code is similar to:
- 8. How do we initialize an array? Where: • = Equal symbol - is used to assign values to an array. • { } Curly Braces - The elements of an array need to be stored inside a set of curly braces to define the start and end of a code block. • , Comma - The elements inside an array needs to be separated with a comma. In C and C++, commas are used as a separator of definitions and function calls.
- 9. How do we initialize an array? With this example, we have 5 elements that can store integer information. If we want to access the second element, we need to call index one. Just like this: ledPin [1] With the evolution of C++, it has led to the adoption of universal initialization also for arrays. An equal sign can no longer be used between the declaration and the initialized values. The following examples are similar: int ledPin [5] = {2, 3, 4, 5, 8};
- 10. Accessing the Values in an Array How can we access the values stored in an Array? The values inside an array can be accessed similar to how the values of regular variables are accessed with the same data type. For example: int ledPin [5]; Just like our example previously, this is similar to:
- 11. Accessing the Values in an Array If we want to store integer information in Index 1, we can do it like this: ledPin [1] = 3; An array with a specified index that was previously stored with information, can be used also to assign values to other declared values. For example, ledPin [1] = 3;
- 12. Array Programming Example Circuit Diagram
- 13. Array Programming Example For the code, copy the program shown below. It will light up the LED lights, and it will explain further the use of arrays in programming. int ledPins [5] = {3,5,6,9}; void setup() { pinMode (ledPins [0],OUTPUT); pinMode (ledPins [1],OUTPUT); pinMode (ledPins [2],OUTPUT); pinMode (ledPins [3],OUTPUT); }
- 14. Array Programming Example void loop () { analogWrite (ledPins [0],HIGH); analogWrite (ledPins [1],HIGH); analogWrite (ledPins [2],HIGH); analogWrite (ledPins [3],HIGH); delay (1000); }
- 15. TRANSFER Using the Diagram below create a program using array function which will make the led turn ON with 1 second ( 1000) delay and upload it in the arduino to test the program.
- 16. Assignment: On a short coupon bond, using the diagram provided, write a the appropriate program using array function putting the led ON with a 1000 (1 second) delay and OFF with a 2000 (2 seconds) delay. Present to the class tomorrow.