The document discusses the difference between definition of ready (DoR) and refinement for product backlog items (PBIs). It states that DoR establishes the basic requirements for a PBI based on discussions between the development team and product owner, but that requirements can never be fully understood. Refinement is then described as the ongoing process of clarifying PBIs by asking more questions, putting them in application flows, checking mockups, and using the INVEST tool to ensure PBIs are independent, negotiable, valuable, estimable, small, and testable. The goal of DoR and refinement is to develop a shared understanding of value which empowers the team to make decisions and commit to delivering PBIs.