This document summarizes the fourth release of LaTeX2ε. It highlights improvements that make LaTeX installation faster and smaller, including a new concurrent version of docstrip that can write multiple files simultaneously. The release also features updated T1 encoded Computer Modern fonts that fix issues and improve quality. Additional changes include more robust commands and a new interface for building document classes.
The Korn Shell is the UNIX shell (command execution program, often c.docxSUBHI7
The Korn Shell is the UNIX shell (command execution program, often called a command interpreter) that was developed by David Korn of Bell Labs as a comprehensive, combined version of other major UNIX shells. Incorporating all the features of the C shell (csh) and the Tab C-shell (tcsh) with the script language features similar to that of the Bourne Shell, the Korn Shell is considered the most efficient shell. Korn, Bourne, and C are the 3 most commonly used UNIX shells. You will be using the Korn Shell (ksh) for this project in which you will be writing shell script files.
1.
Begin by executing the following command from a terminal session in your Ubuntu system:
sudo apt-get install ksh
You will immediately be asked to enter your password (csci345). This will install the Korn shell into your Ubuntu system on your PC or Mac for use in this project. Simply type
ksh
and to go into the Korn Shell (your system prompt will change to $ only) and then enter CTRL-D to exit out of it (your default system prompt of
[email protected]
:~$ will re-appear).
As you go through this exercise and start writing shell scripts, you will learn some additional troubleshooting tips to help you navigate through the Korn Shell (ksh).
Keep track of some of these tips (5 of them) and put them into a Word document in a list format with explanations (at least 150 words in current APA format). Make sure that these are different from those mentioned in the textbook.
2.
Do some research on what the Korn Shell is about and what it has to offer. Provide some basic information (3–5 key points) in a short report (at least 150 words in current APA format) and compile it into the same Word document as above and submit it with this project. Also, provide 5–7 positive features of the Korn Shell (ksh) in the same report (at least 150 words in current APA format) in a list. Below are 3 websites that can assist you in this effort. You will need at least 2 external references for this short report (in addition to your textbook):
-
http://kornshell.com/
-
http://www.dartmouth.edu/~rc/classes/ksh/print_pages.shtml
-
http://www.bolthole.com/solaris/ksh.html
There are many other websites out there that will give you additional help, if needed. Take a look at the ksh shell script below. There are 3 versions of essentially the same program, which is a wrapper to edit a file under SCCS version control. The basic task is to use the sccs command to “check out” a file under version control and then automatically edit the file. The script will then be used by users who may not be particularly advanced UNIX users. Hence, the need for a wrapper script. While the basic functionality is the same across all versions, the differences in safety and usability between the first version and the last (4th) version are worth noting. The first one is extremely bad: it would be written by someone who has just picked up a book on shell scripting and has decided, “I’m a programmer.
XML (Extensible Markup Language) is a flexible way to create common information formats and share both the format and the data on the World Wide Web, intranets, wikis, configuration and elsewhere in a cloud.
4-0 What Is Given As given- the files of source-tbz implement the foll.pdfatozsha
4.0 What Is Given As given, the files of source.tbz implement the following. fs33% mkfs D1
creates an initially empty file volume on the simulated disk named D1.dsk. At this point, we do
not need to discuss all the specifics anout the structure of the disk fs33% ls prints a listing, much
like the Unix ls -lisa, of all the files in the root directory of the current file volume. Here is a
stdTestScriptP1.txt. Use it as in ./P0 < stdTestScriptP1.txt . 4.1 Redirection Implement
redirection for the given shell as discussed in class. Use the operator > to redirect the output of a
command into a file on the host's file system. It is safe to assume that the redirection operator
appears only once in the command line. 4.2 Piping Implement piping as discussed in class for
commands executed on the host. For example, the command !ls | !cat executes both commands
on the host. However, the piping needs to be performed in your shell! It is sufficent if your shell
supports single piping, i.e. the concatenation of two commands. Bonus points are available if you
achieve multiple piping. 4.3 Executing in the background Allow your shell to execute commands
in the background using the &. The command prompt should return immediately after issuing the
command no matter how long the execution takes. It is safe to assume that the character & only
appears once in the command. Your shell should support the execution of all types of commands
in the background, i.e. local commands operating on the virtual file system as well as commands
running on the host. 4.4 A Simple Test Session Only the additional elements compared to the
given source code are described below. Add these appropriately to the test script. Our path name
syntax is the same as Unix path names. Obviously, not every arbitrary string is a valid path or
name. Also, the dot and the dot-dot are not permissible as arguments in some contexts below.
Nevertheless these commands must be robust. fs33% ls > test lists the contents of the current
directory of our own file system and redirects the output into the file test of the local directory of
the host's file system. fs33% ls | !cat pipes the output of ls into the local command cat. fs33%
!cat test shows the contents of the file test of the host's file system (which should contain the
output of ls if previously executed as above). fs33% !sleep 15 & waits 15 seconds (since it is
executed in the background the command prompt should be available immediately, though). 5.
Turn In.
1. LATEX News
Issue 4, December 1995
Welcome to LATEX News 4
An issue of LATEX News will accompany every future
release of LATEX. It will tell you about important
events, such as major bug fixes, newly available
packages, or any other LATEX news. This issue
accompanies the fourth release of LATEX2ε.
LATEX getting smaller
The last release in June started a trend of LATEX
becoming smaller, we are pleased to announce that this
has continued with this release. In particular the
experimental ‘autoload’ version described in
autoload.txt is much smaller as more parts of LATEX
are autoloaded.
New ‘concurrent’ docstrip
The time taken to ‘unpack’ this release from the
documented sources should be much reduced (roughly
half the time, depending on installation conditions).
This is due to an improved version of the docstrip
program that has been contributed by Marcin Woli´nski.
This can write up to 16 files at once. The previous
version could only write one file at a time which meant
that it was very slow when producing many small files
from the same source file as the source needed to be
re-read for each file written.
New T1 encoded fonts
This year J¨org Knappen has completed a new release of
the ‘Cork’ (T1) encoded Computer Modern fonts: the
dc fonts release 1.2.
This release of the dc fonts fixes many bugs
(including the missing ?‘ (¿) and !‘ (¡) ligatures) and
improves the fonts in many other ways. It is strongly
recommended that you upgrade as soon as possible if
currently you are using the old dc fonts, release 1.1 or
earlier. The new fonts are available from the CTAN
archives, in tex-archive/fonts/dc.
The names of the font files are different. This does
not affect LATEX documents but does affect the
installation procedure as it assumes that you have the
new fonts, and will write suitable ‘fd’ files for those
fonts. If you have not yet upgraded your dc fonts then,
after unpacking the distribution, you must
latex olddc.ins to produce ‘fd’ files for the old dc
fonts. This must be done before the format is made.
Running the test document at ltxcheck.tex the end of
the installation will inform you if the wrong set of ‘fd’
files has been installed.
Note that this change does not affect the standard
‘OT1’ Computer Modern fonts that LATEX uses by
default.
More robust commands
The commands cite and sqrt are now robust.
Although most commands with optional arguments
are fragile, as documented, such commands defined
using the second optional argument of newcommand
and its derivatives are now robust.
New Interface to building ‘extension’ classes
The mechanism provided by DeclareOption,
ProcessOptions and LoadClass has proved to be a
powerful and expressive means of defining one class in
terms of another ‘base’ class. However there have been
some requests to simplify the declaration of the
common case where you want the ‘base’ class to be
called with all the options that were specified to the
extension class. This is now provided by the new
command LoadClassWithOptions. A similar
command RequirePackageWithOptions is provided
for package use. More details of this feature are
provided in clsguide.tex and ltclass.dtx.
More Input Encodings
The experimental inputenc package allows a more
natural style of input of accented and other characters.
Three new input encodings are now supported.
• ansinew the Windows ansi encoding, as used in
Microsoft Windows 3.x.
• cp437de a variant of cp437, which uses ß rather
than β in the appropriate slot.
• next the encoding used on Next computers.
Further information
For more information on TEX and LATEX, get in touch
with your local TEX Users Group, or the international
TEX Users Group, 1850 Union Street, #1637, San
Francisco, CA 94123, USA, Fax: +1 415 982 8559,
EMail: tug@tug.org. The LATEX home page is
http://www.tex.ac.uk/ctan/latex/ and contains
links to other WWW resources for LATEX.
LATEX News, and the LATEX software, are brought to you by the LATEX3 Project Team; Copyright 1995, all rights reserved.