1. Presented by
Santoshi
Koundinya
Sudheer
Bhashir
Avinash
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2. Chapter 2
 How problems associated with the software
development led to the software crisis.
 About the relationship between the information
systems lifecycle and the database system
development lifecycle.
©Pearson Education 2009
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3. Chapter 2
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Figure 2-1 Segment from enterprise data model (Pine
Valley Furniture Company) [simplified E-R diagram,
repeat of figure 1.3]
Enterprise data model describes
the high-level entities in an
organization and the
relationship between these
entities

4. Chapter 2
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Maintenance
Purpose --preliminary understanding
Deliverable –request for project
Database activity –
enterprise modeling
Project Identification
and Selection
Project Initiation
and Planning
Analysis
Physical Design
Implementation
Maintenance
Logical Design
Project Identification
and Selection

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Purpose – state business situation and solution
Deliverable – request for analysis
Database activity –
conceptual data modeling
Project Identification
and Selection
Project Initiation
and Planning
Analysis
Physical Design
Implementation
Maintenance
Logical Design
Project Initiation
and Planning

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Purpose – thorough analysis
Deliverable – functional system specifications
Database activity –
conceptual data modeling
Project Identification
and Selection
Project Initiation
and Planning
Analysis
Physical Design
Implementation
Maintenance
Logical Design
Analysis

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Maintenance
Purpose – information requirements structure
Deliverable – detailed design specifications
Database activity –
logical database design
Project Identification
and Selection
Project Initiation
and Planning
Analysis
Physical Design
Implementation
Maintenance
Logical DesignLogical Design

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Purpose – develop technology specs
Deliverable – program/data
structures, technology purchases,
organization redesigns
Database activity –
physical database design
Project Identification
and Selection
Project Initiation
and Planning
Analysis
Physical Design
Implementation
Maintenance
Logical Design
Physical Design

9. Chapter 2
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Purpose – programming, testing, training,
installation, documenting
Deliverable – operational programs,
documentation, training materials
Database activity –
database implementation
Project Identification
and Selection
Project Initiation
and Planning
Analysis
Physical Design
Implementation
Maintenance
Logical Design
Implementation

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Purpose – monitor, repair, enhance
Deliverable – periodic audits
Database activity –
database maintenance
Project Identification
and Selection
Project Initiation
and Planning
Analysis
Physical Design
Implementation
Maintenance
Logical Design
Maintenance

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12. Chapter 2
Database Life Cycle (DBLC)
Database Initial Study
Database Design
Implementation and Loading
Testing and Evaluation
Operation
Maintenance and Evaluation
• Traces the history of
the creation of a
database
• Split into 6 phases

13. Chapter 2
Database Life Cycle (DBLC)
Database Initial Study
Database Design
Implementation and Loading
Testing and Evaluation
Operation
Maintenance and Evaluation
• Analyze company
situation
• Define Problem and
Constraints
• Define Objectives
• Define Scope and
Boundaries

14. Chapter 2
Database Life Cycle (DBLC)
Database Initial Study
Database Design
Implementation and Loading
Testing and Evaluation
Operation
Maintenance and Evaluation
• Conceptual Design
• ER-Diagram /
Normalization
• DBMS Software
Selection
• Create the Logical
Design
• Create the Physical
Design

15. Chapter 2
Database Life Cycle (DBLC)
Database Initial Study
Database Design
Implementation and Loading
Testing and Evaluation
Operation
Maintenance and Evaluation
• Install the selected
DBMS
• Create the databases
• Load the data /
Convert from Old
System

16. Chapter 2
Database Life Cycle (DBLC)
Database Initial Study
Database Design
Implementation and Loading
Testing and Evaluation
Operation
Maintenance and Evaluation
• Test the Database
• Fine-Tune the
Database
• Evaluate the
Database and its
Application Programs

17. Chapter 2
Database Life Cycle (DBLC)
Database Initial Study
Database Design
Implementation and Loading
Testing and Evaluation
Operation
Maintenance and Evaluation
• Produce the required
information flow
• Alternate form of
testing
• OLAP & OLTP

18. Chapter 2
Database Life Cycle (DBLC)
Database Initial Study
Database Design
Implementation and Loading
Testing and Evaluation
Operation
Maintenance and Evaluation
• Changes to the
System (from
operation, bugs,
business changes)
• Enhancements

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24. Chapter 2
 Systems analysts
 Database analysts
 Users
 Programmers
 Database/data administrators
 Systems programmers, network administrators,
testers, technical writers
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Figure 2-8a Gantt Chart
Shows time estimates of tasks

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Figure 2-8b PERT chart
Shows dependencies between tasks

27. Chapter 2
 Physical Schema
 Conceptual Schema
 External Schema
 User Views
 Subsets of Conceptual Schema
 Can be determined from business-function/data
entity matrices
 DBA determines schema for different users
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Different people
have different
views of the
database…these
are the external
schema
The internal
schema is the
underlying
design and
implementation

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Figure 2-11 Three-tiered client/server database architecture

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Preliminary data model
(Figure 2-12)

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