Database Freedom is an AWS initiative that accelerates enterprise migrations from commercial databases, like Oracle and SQL Server, to AWS native database services or managed open-source systems. We review the basics of the Amazon purpose-built database strategy and cover our Workload Qualification Framework, which helps you determine a good database migration candidate and predict the level of effort. In the hands-on lab, you use AWS Schema Conversion Tool and AWS Database Migration Service to migrate your databases to Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL. Bring a laptop with Firefox or Chrome and a working AWS account. We provide an AWS CloudFormation template to configure the lab environment and help you practice a database migration scenario.

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Database Freedom: Migrate a relational
database to Amazon Aurora
Abhinav Singh
DMS Engineer
AWS
A D B 3 0 8
Susan Flynn
Database Engineer
AWS
Sandeep Brahmarouthu
Global Business Development
AWS

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Agenda
• Database Freedom Program Overview
• Migration Tools:
• Database Migration Service (DMS)
• Schema Conversion Tool (SCT)
• Database Migration Lab:
• Oracle to Amazon Aurora

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“The world’s most valuable
resource is
no longer oil, but data.”*
*The Economist, 2017, David Parkins
Data is a strategic asset
for every organization

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To get more value from their data,
customers need to…
‘Lift and shift’ existing
apps to the cloud
Quickly build new
apps in the cloud

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Old-guard commercial databases
Very
expensive
Proprietary Lock-in Punitive
licensing
You’ve
got mail

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What is Database Freedom?

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Database Freedom is an AWS database and analytics modernization
initiative focused on accelerating enterprise migrations from Oracle,
Microsoft SQL Server, Teradata, Cassandra, or MongoDB platforms to AWS
cloud-native database services.

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Programs
Discover Database Freedom with AWS
Innovation
• Database and analytics portfolio discovery and assessment
• Improved automation with migration tools to reduce level of manual effort
• Purpose built database and analytics services to meet your business needs
Expertise
• Complement your existing data and analytics teams with AWS migration specialists i.e., AWS
Professional Services, System Integrators, Architects
• Reduce migration timeline by leveraging best practices as documented in Migration
Playbooks
• Reduce risk and cost of migration efforts by utilizing POC/Pilot credits
• Build migration business case by taking advantage of generous financial incentives and reduce
legacy database vendor licensing costs
• Kick-off your migration journey by leveraging AWS and partner resources
Customer Benefits

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Customer Examples

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Customers are migrating their workloads to AWS
Verizon is migrating over 1,000 business-critical applications and database backend systems to AWS, several of
which also include the migration of production databases to Amazon Aurora.
By migrating from Microsoft SQL Server to Amazon Aurora, Ryanair can run one of the largest email campaigns
in Europe with higher performance at a fraction of the cost, sending out 22 million emails daily to customers.
Trimble migrated their Oracle databases to Amazon RDS and project they will pay about 1/4th of what they
paid when managing their private infrastructure.
Intuit migrated from Microsoft SQL Server to Amazon Redshift to reduce data-processing timelines and get
insights to decision makers faster and more frequently.
Equinox Fitness migrated its Teradata on-premises data warehouse to Amazon Redshift. They went from static
reports to a modern data lake that delivers dynamic reports.
Migrated their Market Data system from SQL Server to Aurora MySQL using AWS Database Migration Service (AWS
DMS) to replicate data nightly. Reduces their processing times from 8 hours to 3 hours.
Amazon.com migrated 100% of their fulfillment centers from Oracle DBs to Amazon Aurora. They migrated
their 50 PB of Oracle Data Warehouse to AWS (Amazon S3, Amazon Redshift, Amazon EMR).
Samsung Electronics migrated their Cassandra clusters to Amazon DynamoDB for their Samsung Cloud
workload with 70% cost savings.

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Services, Tools, and Resources

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Our portfolio
Broad and deep portfolio, purpose-built for builders
Amazon Redshift
Data warehousing
Amazon EMR
Hadoop + Spark
Amazon Athena
Interactive analytics
Amazon Kinesis Data
Analytics Real time
Amazon Elasticsearch
Service
Operational Analytics
Amazon RDS
MySQL, PostgreSQL, MariaDB,
Oracle, SQL Server
Amazon Aurora
MySQL, PostgreSQL
Amazon QuickSight Amazon SageMaker
Amazon DynamoDB
Key value
Amazon ElastiCache
Redis, Memcached
Amazon Neptune
Graph
Amazon
Timestream
Time series
Amazon QLDB
Ledger database
Amazon S3 Glacier
AWS Glue
ETL & Data Catalog
AWS Lake Formation
Data lakes
Database Migration Service | Snowball | Snowmobile | Kinesis Data Firehose | Kinesis Data Streams
Data Movement
Analytics Databases
Business Intelligence & Machine Learning
Data Lake
Amazon
Managed
Blockchain
AWS Blockchain
Templates
Blockchain
RDS on VMware
Amazon DocumentDB
Document

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Migrate with minimal risk
AWS DMS
Database migration and
replication managed service
Benefit
• Easily and securely migrate
and/or replicate your
databases and data
warehouses to AWS
• Migrate between different
database engines
• Low cost and global
availability
AWS SCT
Development tooling to
convert schemas
between databases and
data warehouses
Benefit
• Automates schema
conversion including
database structure and
code
• Minimizes manual effort of
performing a schema re-
write
• Allows conversion from
commercial to open
source platforms
Native Tooling
Migration options
included with the engine
Benefit
• Leverage a familiar
environment
• Full support for native
features
Open Source
Ora2Pg and others
Benefit
• Tailored solution for a
specific problem
• Multiple tools can offer a
more complete solution
than any one product
• Free
Commercial
Attunity, Golden Gate,
Informatica, Talend, and
others
Benefit
• Commercial solutions are
available for a wide range
of migration sources and
targets including legacy
mainframe systems

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Workload Qualification Framework (WQF)
WQF is a framework that includes a questionnaire, and design review guidance that Solutions Architects, System
Integrators can use to classify workloads
• Determine ease of migration, staff-hour consumption and target AWS database services
• There are two main types of database workloads:
• Online Transaction Processing (OLTP): many small/fast transactions and queries via indexes that return few rows
• Data Warehouse (DW): interactive and long-running queries that scan millions of rows and batched updates
• WQF classifies OLTP and DW workloads into five categories:
Category 1 Standards based database access Candidate for Re-Factor
Category 2 Light, proprietary feature workloads Candidate for Re-Factor
Category 3 Heavy, proprietary feature workloads Candidate for Re-Factor/Re-Platform
Category 4 Engine-specific workloads Candidate for Re-Platform/Re-Host
Category 5 Non-portable, high-risk or lift-and-shift Candidate for Re-Host

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Legacy Databases to AWS Migration Playbooks
• Topic-by-topic overview of how to migrate databases and data
warehouses to AWS services
• Covers all proprietary features and the different database objects
• Migration best practices
• Oracle to Aurora PostgreSQL – available
• SQL Server to Aurora MySQL – available
• SQL Server to Aurora PostgreSQL – available
• Oracle to Aurora MySQL – Coming soon
• Cassandra to DynamoDB, Data warehouses to Amazon Redshift,
and Db2 LUW to Aurora PostgreSQL – Coming soon
AWS SCT AWS DMS Playbook
Schema Data Best Practices

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What are AWS DMS and AWS SCT?
Our goal: Allow customers the freedom to choose the best data platform for their
needs #DBFreedom
AWS Schema Conversion Tool (AWS SCT) converts your commercial
database and data warehouse schemas to open-source engines or AWS-
native services, such as Amazon Aurora and Amazon Redshift
AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) easily and securely
migrates and/or replicate your databases and data warehouses to
AWS

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When to use AWS DMS and AWS SCT?
Modernize Migrate Replicate

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AWS SCT
• Modernize your data warehouse
Convert your Oracle, SQL Server, Netezza, Greenplum,
Vertica, or Teradata to Amazon Redshift
Modernize
Amazon Aurora
Amazon
Redshift
• Modernize your database
Convert your Oracle, SQL Server, or Db2 LUW to
PostgreSQL, MySQL, or Amazon Aurora
MySQL
PostgreSQL

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AWS Database Migration Service (DMS)
Migrate
• Migrate business-critical applications
• Migrate data warehouse to Redshift
• Upgrade to a minor version
• Consolidate shards into Aurora
• Archive old data
• Migrate from NoSQL to SQL, SQL to NoSQL
or NoSQL to NoSQL
Amazon RDS
Amazon Redshift
Amazon Aurora
Amazon
DynamoDB
Amazon S3

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AWS DMS
Replicate
• Create cross-region read replicas
• Run your analytics in the cloud
• Populate your data lake

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AWS SCT helps with converting tables, views, and code
Sequences
User-defined types
Synonyms
Packages
Stored procedures
Functions
Triggers
Schemas
Tables
Indexes
Views
Sort and distribution keys

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AWS SCT Migration Assessment Report
• Assessment of migration
compatibility of source databases
with open-source database engines –
Amazon RDS MySQL, Amazon RDS
PostgreSQL and Aurora
• Recommends best target engine
• Provides details level of efforts to
complete migration

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SCT Data Extractors
Extract Data from your data warehouse and migrate to Amazon Redshift
• Extracts data through local migration agents
• Data is optimized for Redshift and saved in local files
• Files are loaded to an Amazon S3 bucket (through network or Amazon Snowball) and then
to Amazon Redshift
Amazon RedshiftAWS SCT S3 Bucket

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When to use the AWS DMS
1. Heterogeneous migrations
2. Moving data to S3, Redshift, or DynamoDB
3. Homogeneous migrations: When native tools aren’t sufficient
4. For ongoing replication to support all of the above use cases

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Customer
premises
Application users
AWS
Internet
VPN
Keep your apps running during the migration
Start a replication instance
Connect to source and target
databases
Select tables, schemas, or
databases
 Let AWS DMS create tables, load
data, and keep them
in sync
 Switch applications over to the
target at your convenience
AWS
DMS
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Multi-AZ option for high availability
Customer
premises or
AWS
AWS
Internet
VPN
AWS DMS
AWS DMS
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Load is table by table
Replication instance
Source Target

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Change data capture (CDC) and apply
Replication instanceSource Target
Update
t1 t2
t1
t2
Transactions
Change apply after bulk load

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Overview
The following instructions help you launch a CloudFormation stack which sets up the resources required for this lab. Once the
resources are launched you are guided through the migration of a sample database from Oracle to Aurora PostgreSQL using the AWS
DMS and the AWS SCT. The resources launched by the CloudFormation stack include:
1. An Oracle RDS source within a VPC with all networking resources configured with a sample database installed from
https://github.com/awslabs/aws-database-migration-samples
2. An Aurora target within same VPC as #1 with all networking resources configured
3. A Windows Host with the Schema Conversion Tool pre-installed within same VPC as #1
4. A Database Migration Service Instance within same VPC as #1
5. The AWS CloudFormation script will provision the necessary security groups with access to database resources from #3 & #4 and
allow RDP access to #3

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Pre-requisites
1. An active AWS Account which you have used before to use AWS Services. If you
are using a new Account, please make sure it is verified and you are able to spin
up resources.
2. Have ADMININSTRATOR access in the AWS Account that you will using for this
lab.
3. If you are on a MAC, please download the Remote Desktop Client from
Appstore, if you don’t have one already.

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High-level steps
1. Log into your AWS account
2. Launch the AWS CloudFormation stack
3. Log in to the Windows Host and install JDBC Drivers
4. Use the AWS SCT to convert source Oracle schema objects to target Aurora PostgreSQL
5. Create a source endpoint (the source database is launched using the CloudFormation stack)
6. Create a target endpoint (the target database is launched using the CloudFormation stack)
7. Create a task to migrate the data from the source database to the target database
8. Verify the data has been migrated to the target
Download lab guide: https://tinyurl.com/y49wpko7

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Resources
Database Migrations
https://aws.amazon.com/solutions/database-migrations/
Database Freedom
https://aws.amazon.com/solutions/databasemigrations/database-
freedom/
DMS resources
https://aws.amazon.com/dms/resources/
Contact:
Sandeep Brahmarouthu – BDM
brahmaro@amazon.com

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Thank you!
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