API moderne real-time per applicazioni mobili e web

1. API moderne real-time per applicazioni mobili e web Stefano Sandrini, AWS Sr. EMEA Mobile Specialist SA Daniel De Gaspari, Solution Architect – Sky Italia

4. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. Amazon Confidential GraphQL is a query language for APIs and a runtime for fulfilling those queries with your existing data.

5. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. Amazon Confidential Queries MutationsTypes Subscriptions GraphQL schema and operations A query language for APIs . . . and a runtime! type User { id: ID! username: String! firstName: String lastName: String daysActive: Int }

6. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. Amazon Confidential Queries A query language for APIs . . . Mutations Subscriptions query GetPost { getPost(id: ”1”) { id title author date } } mutation CreatePost { createPost(input: {…}) { id title author date } } subscription OnCreatePost { onCreatePost { id title author date } }

7. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. Amazon Confidential AWS AppSync Build scalable applications on a range of data sources, including those requiring real-time updates and offline data access

8. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. Amazon Confidential AWS AppSync Managed serverless GraphQL service Connect to data sources in your account Add data sync, real-time, and offline capabilities for any data source or API GraphQL facade for any AWS service Conflict detection and resolution in the cloud Enterprise security features: IAM, Amazon Cognito, OIDC, API keys

15. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. Amazon Confidential Amplify Framework Amplify Framework (open source) Command-line interface (CLI) Client libraries (iOS, Android, JavaScript) Platform-specific UI components Managed developer services AWS Amplify Console: Hosting/Continuous deployment AWS Device Farm: Testing on real iOS/Android devices and desktop browser testing

16. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. Amazon Confidential $ amplify add api Amplify CLI: GraphQL Transform – @model transformer # schema.graphql type Post @model { id: ID! title: String! }

17. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. Amazon Confidential Amplify CLI: GraphQL Transform Quickly create backends for your web and mobile applications on AWS Define application’s data model using the GraphQL Schema Convert your definition into descriptive AWS CloudFormation templates that implement your data model @model - Top-level entity; creates DynamoDB table, and resolvers for base type @connection - Adds relationships between @model types @auth - Enables set of authorization rules @searchable - Handles streaming the data of an @model object type to Amazon Elasticsearch Service and configures search resolvers @versioned - Enables versioning @function – Adds a Lambda function as a data source @key – Configures custom indexes for @model types @predictions - Access an orchestration of AI/ML services such as Amazon Rekognition, Amazon Translate, and/or Amazon Polly

18. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. Amazon Confidential GraphQL Transform: Mix and match data sources type Post { id: ID! content: String description: String ups: Int downs: Int }

19. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. Amazon Confidential GraphQL Transform: Mix and match data sources searchPosts Mutations Queries type Post @model @auth(rules: [{allow: owner}]) @searchable{ id: ID! content: String description: String ups: Int downs: Int } createPost readPost updatePost deletePost listPost Amazon Cognito AWS AppSync Amazon DynamoDB Amazon Elasticsearch Service Lambda function

20. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. Amazon Confidential $ amplify add codegen [--apiId <api-id>] // Will generate GraphQL statements // (queries, mutations, subscriptions) CLI: GraphQL codegen import { API } from 'aws-amplify'; import * as queries from './graphql/queries'; const todos = await API.graphql({ query: queries.listTodos, authMode: 'AWS_IAM' });

22. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. Amazon Confidential Real-time GraphQL subscriptions subscription onCreateMessage { createMessage {…} } Secure WebSocket connection (wss://) AppSync Data Sources AWS AppSync Amazon DynamoDB Amazon Elasticsearch Service AWS Lambda Amazon Aurora Local (Pub/Sub) HTTP

29. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. Amazon Confidential • Media & Entertainment • E-commerce • Retail • Healthcare • Airlines • Transport • Security • Payment Services • Education And more…

31. LIVE DATA ARCHITECTURE DANIEL DE GASPARI - SOLUTION ARCHITECT DIGITAL SOLUTION ARCHITECTURE TEAM

32. 38 Scope & High Level Requirements Logical View: Engine and Plugin Logical View: Capabilities System Engineering View: component by component Monitoring AWS AppSync & GraphQL Amplify Framework Next Planned Evolution

33. 39 • Real time and near real time data available • High Horizontal Scalability • Source and consumer agnostic Data ingestion, Data feeding and rendering engine • SEO optimization with SSR • Data rendering using microfrontend and webcomponent approach • Full monitoring • Easy onboarding for developers with same language FE and BE • Query language(AppSync for GraphQL) instead of REST in order to optimize data transfer between BE and Webcomponent. • Pushing intstead of Polling to get data update • Different level of caching to reduce db interaction

34. 40 Data Feeding and Data rendering (Engine) Data Ingestion (Engine) Data sources (plugin components) Consumers for Web Components or Data (plugin components)

35. 41 • Receives data from data sources • Stores data into Sports Data Repository • Notifies HTML Component Generator • Retrieves sports data • Sends updates to clients • Generates widgets’ HTML • Stores generated widget • Notifies HTML Page Generator • Generates web pages • Stores generated widget into HTML Component Repository A B C D E A B C D E

36. 42 Data Ingestion Queue • receives message from data providers • triggers Data Ingestion Lambda Data Ingestion Lambda • parses received messages • updates DB tables • inserts messages on SNS’s topics • 1:1 topics-tables mapping

37. 43 AWS System Manager • parameter store • contains parameters necessary to the lambda execution Database • entity-relationship model

38. 44 Data Ingestion Notifier • entry point for data feeding • receives requests by the Ingestion Lambda • 1 topic for each DB table Web Component Generator Queue • receives messages from Data Ingestion Notifier • triggers the associated lambda dedicated to the generation of a specific web component

39. 45 Web Component Generator Lambda (for each web component) • reads messages received by SQS • contains all information necessary in order to identify the specific widget of that type • retrieves widget’s configurations from S3 bucket • performs a GraphQL interaction (query-mutation) • generates the web component and notify creation (notifier) • stores web component in an S3 bucket

40. 46 Web Component Notifier • one topic for each BE system AppSync (managed graphQL) • Query: retrieves data in a data source • Mutation: modifies data in a data source • Subscription: pushes data to clients via websocket • invokes the Lambda Data API • solves the “fake mutation”, sending updates to all clients subscribed

41. 47 Data API Lambda • implements queries to extract data from the database • each data API Lambda represents a microservice Secrets Manager • contains credentials used to access and reads data from Sports Data Database

42. 48 Widget Writer Queue • receives messages from the Web Component Notifier • triggers Widget Writer Lambda Widget Writer Lambda • acts as an adapter for our CMS • reads messages received by SQS • makes a request to the API Gateway, obtaining the HTML of the new widget • store widget into EFS

43. 49 EFS • repository for web components generated • used by Adobe Experience Manager for pages' generation that include the these web components Configuration Writer Queue • receives message from AEM’s Author instance • triggers the associated lambda dedicated to propagates the widget configurations to Sports Data infrastructure

44. 50 Configuration Writer Lambda • reads messages received by SQS • updates the new rules relating to the configuration of the web components on the S3 bucket

45. 51 • Infrastructure level – evaluate services’ health • Application level – custom metrics based on logs in our applications • Involved services – instances with CloudWatch Agent – CloudWatch Logs – metric filters based on logs’ patterns – thresholds based on our metrics and associated alarms – email notifications

46. 52 • Managed service with GraphQL – Serverless • Hierarchical data structure – MatchCompetition > MatchSeason > MatchDay > … • Queries structured with a channel logic – getTeamCalendarDesktop() – getTeamCalendarMobile() • Resolver – Apache Velocity for a simple/remapping logic – lambda for complex logic

47. 53 • Resolvers’ reuse & pipeline resolvers • Local Resolver – Invoke mutation with data as request payload – Avoid useless invocation for already calculated fields – Push data passed as mutation’s payload via subscription getMatchDay(params: InputGetMatchDay): [MatchDay] #@function(name:"getCurrentCompetitionStatus-${env}") #@function(name: "getMatchDay-${env}") type BaseFields{ field1: Int field2: String calculatedField: Int @function…. } type BaseFields{ field1: Int field2: String } type UsedByQuery{ baseFields: BaseFields calculated: Int @function….. } Type UsedByMutation{ baseFields: BaseFields calculated: Int }

48. 54 • Shared IAM Role between lambda functions – custom resolvers for each lambda function • Custom languages for lambda functions – Custom tasks (run tests, compile, etc…) • GraphQL schema splitting • Multiple environments

49. 55 • Multiple clients • RDS Proxy • AppSync Cache • AWS EventBridge – serverless event bus – replace SNS & SQS • DynamoDB – replace MySQL with NoSQL – streams - push events directly from our data source • Custom protection in AppSync – AWS Amplify: open source framework – AWS Cognito – custom rules for GraphQL operations

50. 56

55. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. Amazon Confidential Amplify DataStore Multi-platform (iOS/Android/React Native/Web) on-device persistent storage engine that automatically synchronizes data between mobile/web apps and the cloud using GraphQL.

57. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. Amazon Confidential ds_pk ds_sk Name Title … _lastChangedAt _TTL Post-xxx2019 02:12:07.123:1 Nadia Hello World 1541884315162 1541884320 Post-yyy2019 24:11:07.2:1 Pancho I’m Sleepy 1541884359527 1541884364 Post-zzz2019 24:11:07.3:3 Shaggy Running in the park 1541884404015 1541884409 ID Name Title … 123 Nadia Hello World 2 Pancho I’m Sleepy 3 Shaggy Running in the park Sync-enabled resolver createPost(input: CreatePostInput!): Post GraphQL Schema DataStore.save( new Post(Name:”Nadia” Title:“Hello World” ) );

59. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. Amazon Confidential • Start effortlessly • Scale with your business • Real-Time & Offline • Unify and secure access to your distributed data and services • Amplify integrations: DataStore, GraphQL Transform, Local Mocking and CodeGen https://aws.amazon.com/appsync/resources/#Videos

60. © 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. Amazon Confidential AWS Europe (Milan) Region On April, 28th AWS expanded its global footprint with the opening of the AWS Infrastructure Region in Italy. The new Region AWS Europe (Milano) brings advanced cloud technologies that enable opportunities for innovation, entrepreneurship, and digital transformation. For additional information about services and characteristics of an AWS Region, you can check the website: aws.amazon.com/local/italy/milan/

61. 67 AWS Training & Certification https://www.aws.training: Free on-demand courses to help you build new cloud skills Introduction to Amazon API Gateway https://www.aws.training/Details/Video?id=16452 e-Learning: Amazon API Gateway for Serverless Applications https://www.aws.training/Details/eLearning?id=27199 e-Learning: Architecting Serverless Solutions https://www.aws.training/Details/eLearning?id=42594 For more info on AWS T&C visit: https://aws.amazon.com/it/training/

62. Thanks! Stefano Sandrini, AWS Sr. EMEA Mobile Specialist SA Daniel De Gaspari, Solution Architect – Sky Italia

API moderne real-time per applicazioni mobili e web

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