1. Crowding Out
Roshankumar S Pimpalkar
roshankumar.2007@rediffmail.com

2. There is a term – CROWDING OUT which is liberally used in the pink
business newspapers that cover the macro-economic issues. So what is
CROWDING OUT all about? To understand this, let us consider a story
about a school where there are several deserving students going about
their daily routine. However, there is something very odd going on in
the school.
There is one student among them who is exceptionally strong. He tends
to overpower the others most of the time due to his physical strength
and power and they are left defenseless. When he goes to the canteen, he
eats much more than he should without considering the needs of his
friends. The canteen authorities do not object because they know that he
comes from a very influential family, and if they were to deny him extra
food, they would have to bear adverse consequences of doing so.
Now because our friend – Mr. Strong and Powerful eats up most of the
food, the prices of the items sold in the school canteen start to soar
upwards making it expensive for the other students.
The other students though not as strong, are quite brilliant otherwise.
But they too need to eat well to be able to perform to their full potential.
Because the food becomes expensive, they are forced to compromise and
thus results in their eating less. This also hurts their performance. As a
result, because of one student who consumes a larger share of food than
what he should, the others get deprived of the nutrition that is needed.
Therefore, the other students are unable to exploit their potential to the
best possible extent being deprived of vital nutrients.
So in a sense we can say that the larger student has “elbowed out” the
physically weaker classmates on the back of his power and strength and
not because of capability.
Now let us consider another story that is being played day in and day
out in our country and which bears a lot of resemblance with the above
story. In order to get a better understanding of this story we will have to
make some changes (replacements) These are as follows :-
1) We need to replace the stronger student by the Government
2) We need to replace the other students by private entrepreneurs
roshankumar.2007@rediffmail.com

3. 3) We need to replace food by capital
And lo and behold, the scenario transforms to what is happening to the
investment climate in our economy. Like Mr. Big and Strong, the
government is consuming a larger share of the available capital for
investments. In a sense the government can do so because it is the
government. Because of this, the cost of capital is going up just as the
cost of food had gone up for the students.
So just as the students felt deprived, the entrepreneurs too are feeling
“CROWDED OUT” of the opportunity of making sound investment
decisions.
The higher cost of capital adversely impacts the feasibility of their ideas
/ projects and they are unable to contribute fittingly to the growth of the
economy.
roshankumar.2007@rediffmail.com