4. INTRODUCTION
Understanding the question and it Background
#EvidenceBased
● Criminal recidivism poses a significant challenge
globally, including in the UAE.
● Despite various efforts aimed at rehabilitation, many
individuals continue engaging in criminal behavior
after being convicted multiple times.
● Understanding the underlying factors contributing
to this phenomenon is crucial for effective
intervention strategies.
5. BACKGROUND
● O'Brien et al., (2024) positions that operationalizing
the ethnic chance gap as the alteration in the
intergenerational financial agility outcomes of black
and white children born to relations at the same level
of profits in a similar region.
● Labelling Theory suggests that the classification of
ex-offenders by the public inclines to continue
criminal conduct (Bernburg , 2024).
● The association amid stigmatization and recidivism is
obstructed by a numeral of factors counting gender,
age, race/ethnicity, and class.
• O'Brien, R., Neman, T., Seltzer, N., Evans, L., & Venkataramani, A. (2020). Structural racism, economic opportunity and racial health disparities: evidence from
US counties. SSM-Population health, 11, 100564. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352827319303623
• Bernburg , J. G. (2024). Labeling Theory. Research Gate.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/226795096_Labeling_Theory#:~:text=Thus%2C%20being%20labeled%20or%20defined,that%20existed%20prior%2
0to%20labeling.
6. Mini-Literature Review
#SystemAnalysis #BehaviorExplanation #EvidenceBased
AGENTS
● People having crime history
● Law enforcement agencies
● Community and social support network
● Rehabilitation and Reintegration programs
ATTRIBUTES
● Socio-Economic Status
● Psychological Well-being
● Social Support
● Access to opportunities
7. MICRO
● Criminals are the main agent in micro level and their behavior is determined by
a complex combination of psychological, social, and economic factors.
● Interactions include influence from friends, biological dynamics, mental health
difficulties, and substance misuse, all of which influence an individual's proclivity
for criminal behavior.
8. MESO
● Police use disciplinary and community policing programs to influence behavior.
These factors include community demographics and resource allocation.
● These institutions interact with community dynamics, crime opportunity
structures, and social networks, influencing crime rates and community safety.
9. MACRO
● At the macro level, societal structures and institutions, such as governmental
bodies, economic systems, and cultural norms, shape criminal behavior
● Interactions occur through legislative decisions, social movements advocating
for change, and the impacts of globalization on crime patterns.
10. Link between three levels
● Individuals (micro level) are
influenced by various
factors like their
surroundings and personal
struggles, leading to
criminal behavior.
● At the community level
(meso), police and courts
step in to address these
behaviors using programs
and laws.
● These efforts are shaped by
larger societal factors (macro),
such as government policies
and cultural norms. Changes
at any level can affect the
others, showing how
everything is interconnected
in dealing with crime.
11. PURPOSE
#PURPOSE
● MICRO
○ Seeking acceptance and identity
within deviant peer groups.
According to Quinn-Hogan
(2021) states rehabilitation is
characteristically defined as the
support and support that
criminals obtain during their re-
entry into the civic.
• Quinn-Hogan, A. N. (2021). The stain of a criminal label: Post-release
stigmatization and its effects on reintegration and recidivism among ex-offenders.
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1055&context=sociologypub
12. PURPOSE
#PURPOSE
● MESO
○ The purpose at the meso level is to
successfully address criminal activity
by implementing programs and
enforcement tactics inside
communities. According to (Crime
and Policing, n.d.) the focus is on
shaping community dynamics, crime
opportunity structures, and social
networks to reduce crime rates and
promote community safety.
• Moore, M. H., Trojanowicz, R. C., & Kelling, G. L. (1988). Crime and
policing (No. 2). US Department of Justice, National Institute of Justice.
13. PURPOSE
#PURPOSE
● MACRO
○ Create and maintain societal
structures and institutions that
prevent and respond to criminal
behavior, Critically, the most
thoughtful limitation of the racial
chance gap is that it fails to
sufficiently capture the myriad
multifaceted ways racism undermines
human possibility and abridges lives
(Nationalacademies, 2024).
• Nationalacademies. (2024). Read “Measuring Racial Discrimination” at NAP.edu. In
nap.nationalacademies.org.
https://nap.nationalacademies.org/read/10887/chapter/16
14. UTILITY
#Utility (Benefits and Costs)
Level Benefits
Micro Getting money
MESO Keeping the city safe
MACRO Following the rules
Costs
Going to jail
Pay a lot of money
It takes a lot of time, money, and support
15. CONCLUSION
● Recidivism influenced by complex interplay of
individual, societal, and institutional factors.
● Addressing socio-economic disparities crucial
for effective reintegration and reducing
recidivism.
● Comprehensive interventions needed to
prioritize rehabilitation, mitigate stigma, and
promote reintegration.
● the process of assisting prisoners in maturing and changing
so they can detach themselves from the circumstances that
led them to commit a crime in the first place ((Criminal
Rehabilitation | Definition, Programs & Examples - Video &
Lesson Transcript | Study.com, n.d.)
16. REFERENCES
● Quinn-Hogan, A. N. (2021). The stain of a criminal label: Post-release stigmatization and its
effects on reintegration and recidivism among ex-offenders.
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1055&context=sociologypub
● O'Brien, R., Neman, T., Seltzer, N., Evans, L., & Venkataramani, A. (2020). Structural racism,
economic opportunity and racial health disparities: evidence from US counties. SSM-
Population health, 11, 100564.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352827319303623
● Bernburg , J. G. (2024). Labeling Theory. Research Gate.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/226795096_Labeling_Theory#:~:text=Thus%2C%20b
eing%20labeled%20or%20defined,that%20existed%20prior%20to%20labeling.
● Nationalacademies. (2024). Read “Measuring Racial Discrimination” at NAP.edu. In
nap.nationalacademies.org. https://nap.nationalacademies.org/read/10887/chapter/16
● Moore, M. H., Trojanowicz, R. C., & Kelling, G. L. (1988). Crime and policing (No. 2). US Department of
Justice, National Institute of Justice.
● Criminal Rehabilitation | Definition, programs & examples - Video & lesson transcript | Study.com. (n.d.).
study.com. https://study.com/learn/lesson/prison-rehabilitation-programs.html
Editor's Notes
Criminal recidivism, the re-engagement in criminal activities after prior convictions, remains a pervasive issue worldwide, including in the UAE. Despite rehabilitation efforts, recidivism persists, necessitating a deeper understanding for effective interventions.
Societal stigma and reintegration programs play crucial roles in addressing recidivism. Quinn-Hogan (2021) defines reintegration, while Labelling Theory highlights the impact of community labeling on perpetuating criminal behavior (Bernburg, 2024). Stigmatization's influence on recidivism varies by demographic factors.
System analysis involves examining various agents and their attributes in the context of recidivism. Agents include individuals with criminal histories, law enforcement agencies, community support networks, and rehabilitation programs. Attributes encompass socio-economic status, psychological well-being, social support, and access to opportunities.
System analysis spans micro, meso, and macro levels. Micro focuses on individual factors, meso on institutional dynamics, and macro on societal influences, providing a comprehensive understanding of recidivism's complexities.
Criminal behavior serves various purposes, including meeting economic needs, seeking social acceptance, asserting power, and challenging authority. Understanding these motivations informs intervention strategies to address root causes effectively.
Criminal behavior serves various purposes, including meeting economic needs, seeking social acceptance, asserting power, and challenging authority. Understanding these motivations informs intervention strategies to address root causes effectively.
Criminal behavior serves various purposes, including meeting economic needs, seeking social acceptance, asserting power, and challenging authority. Understanding these motivations informs intervention strategies to address root causes effectively.
Utility analysis examines benefits of criminal behavior across individual, community, institutional, and societal levels. Understanding these dynamics informs strategies to mitigate negative impacts and promote positive outcomes.
Recidivism is shaped by multifaceted factors, including individual, societal, and institutional influences. Addressing rehabilitation gaps and socio-economic disparities is crucial for effective intervention strategies targeting recidivism.
