The document outlines a proposal for a Criminal Record Management System (CRMS) to improve the efficiency of police record-keeping regarding criminal cases. It details the entities involved, including petitioners, victims, accused individuals, FIRs, and investigation officers, along with their attributes and relationships. The implementation of this database system is expected to streamline the process of managing criminal records and enhance police operations.

1. Criminal Record Management System
Introduction
Police provides safety to citizens. It always remains steady for arresting
any criminal who is a threat for the safety of society. After registering the
FIR from any citizen, police starts its work and on that basis it arrests the
criminals if proofs are found against them. Once the criminals are
arrested, police starts investigation from them. After getting all the proofs
against the criminal, it is the duty of the police to present all the proofs
honestly to the court so that the right man can get right punishment. The
true and right information provided by the people to police helps a lot in
arresting the criminals who try to spoil the peaceful environment of
society. Along with low salary scale, facilities of modern technology such
as computerized system of keeping records are not provided to police
department which causes low efficiency. As it is the age of computers
and all the organizations today use computers to maintain their records,
so this facility should also be given to police department in order to
increase their efficiency and to save their time. In our Project we are going
to implement a CRMS (Criminal Record Management System). This is a
database system in which police will keep the record of Criminals who
have been arrested, to be arrested or escaped. This will help the Police
department to manage their records easily. In police system when an
incident occurs, a Petitioner reports an FIR (First Information Report).
Police starts investigation according to law on this FIR. An investigation
Officer supervises the investigation process. The main concerning people
in the whole process are Petitioner (The person who files an FIR), Victim,
Accused/Criminal, investigation officer. CRMS will keep the record of following
entities:
These are the entities of CRMS
 P e t i t i o n e r
 V i c t i m
 A c c u s e d
 F I R

2.  C a s e
 Investigation Officer
Petitioner:
A person who is seeking legal help from police station or he has some problem or
complaints regarding the matters under the jurisdiction of police. Petitioner may or
maynot be the victim of offense.
Victim:
"Victim"
1. means anindividual who suffers,inrelationto anoffence.
FIR:
FirstInformationReport(FIR)isawritten documentprepared bythe police whenthey
receiveinformationfromthe Petitioneraboutthe commissionofacognizableoffence.
Accused:
"Accused"
means apersonwho is charged withanoffence orcrime.
Case:
Case
is the issue to be investigated bythe police and resolved bythe court
Investigation officer:
“Investigation officer”
is the police officer who investigates the case. There may be more than one
investigationofficers inone police station.
ATTRIBUTES OF ENTITIES
Petitioner:
Definition:

3. A person who is seeking legal help from police station or he has some problem or
complaints regarding the matters under the jurisdictionof police .Anyone who knows
aboutthe commissionofacognizable offence canfile anFIR.Itis notnecessarythat
only the victim of the crime should file an FIR.A police officer who comes to know
about a cognizable offence canfile an FIR Himself/herself. You can file an FIR if:
1.You are the person against whom the offence has been committed2.You
know yourself about an offence which has been committed3.You have
seen the offence being committed.
Attributes:
The Petitionerhas the following attributes
Name:
The fullname of Petitioner.
Father_name:
The fathername of Petitioner.
Address:
Address of Petitioner.
Contact:
Contactnumberof Petitioner.
NIC:
National identitycard numberof Petitioner
Identifier:
NIC+NAME:
Since NIC number is the only attribute of a Petitioner which is unique and no
Petitioner can file FIR without NIC due to which it can never be an unknown value
(null value) but it can be duplicate in fraudulent cases so we take NIC and NAME as
an identifier
Investigation officer:
Definition:
Every criminal case has an investigation officer who finds and examines the nature
of the case, witnesses and evidences to find the criminal.

4. Attributes:
The investigationofficerhas the following attributes
Name:
The fullname of the investigationofficer.
Officer ID:
Every police officer has got some ID so the code or ID of investigation
officeris anotherattribute.
Rank:
The rank of aninvestigationofficer.
Identifier:
Officer ID:
As everypolice officerhas aunique ID so we cantake officerID as an identifier.
Case:
Definition:
A file in which daily detail of a case are written down bythe investigating officer The
police may not investigate a complaint evenif youfile aFIR,when:(i)The case is not
serious in nature;(ii) The police feel that there is not enough ground to investigate.
However, the police must record the reasons fornotconducting aninvestigationand
in the latter case mustalso inform you.
Attributes:
Case ID:
Eachcase is assigned anID.
Section_of_law :
Through section of law we canfind alotaboutnature of the case E.g. the criminalact
and its sentence accordingly.
Case Status:
It’s another attribute of entity case, through which we can find whether the case is
closed oropen.
Case detail:
The detailof the case is writtenhere.

5. Identifier:
Case ID:
Sinceeachcasehas itsown unique identifierwhich isit’s IDsowe take caseID as an
identifier,whichcanneverbe anunknown value.
Accused:
Definition:
Accused is the personwho commits acrime.Itis the mostimportant entityinourDB
because our whole project is based upon this entity. So that’s why is also related to
mostof the entities.And also we are concerned withmostof its attributes to watchan
accused as easilyas possible.
Attributes:
Accused_ID:
It is assigned bythe police departmentwheneverapersoneitherguiltyornotsuffers
frompoliceinvestigationorin any sortofprocedures remains unique forthe whole life
Name:
Inthis attribute the name againstan accused id is entered.
Father_Name:
Inthis attribute the Father’s name againstan accused id is entered.
Alias:
Alias is the nick name sort of thing which is popular among the people and is very
important these days because one accused usually is not known as his real name
and has severalnicknames that’s why Alias is amultivalued attribute.
Address:
In this attribute the expected or permanent address of accused is saved. It is also
multivalued because one mayhave manyaddresses.
NIC:
If the NIC of accused is knownthenitis saved inthis attribute.
Gender:
Genderof accused.
Age:
The age of accused is entered inthis attribute.
Status:

6. The status of accused is entered like eitherhe is
Arrested, Escaped, Bailed or Released.
Contact:
It is composite attribute.Inthis attribute we listthe mobile numberor land line number
and emailaddress of the accused. Itis composed of following attributes
Phone:
The phone number of the accused. It is multivalued attribute because an
accused canhave more thanone contactnumbers.
Email:
The emailid of the accused.
Photo:
The picture identityof the accused.
Finger print:
The fingerprintof the accused stored for identificationpurpose.
Identifier:
Accused_ID:
Accused ID is the sole identifier for accused because all other attributed becomes
multivalued in case of dangerous criminals whose identity is not confirmed. Once
accused id is assigned to acriminalthenwe startfiling otheravailable attributes.
FIR:
Definition:
First Information Report (FIR)
is awritten documentprepared bythe police whentheyreceive informationaboutthe
commission of a cognizable offence. It is a report of information that reaches the
police first in point of time and that is why it is called the FirstInformationReport. Itis
generally a complaint lodged with the police by the victim of a cognizable offence or
by someone on his/her behalf. Anyone can report the commission of a cognizable
offence either orally or in writing to the police. Even a telephonic message can be
treated as anFIR.
Importance of FIR

7. An FIR is a very important document as it sets the process of criminal justice in
motion. It is only after the FIR is registered inthe police stationthat the police take up
investigationof the case.
Attributes:
FIR_ID:
Once FIR is longed againstanysortof complaintanID is assigned to it.
Date_lodged:
The date onwhichFIR is lodged.
Time_lodged:
The time of FIR being lodged.
Detail:
The detailof anFIR consists of following attributes.
Incident Place:
The place onwhichcomplained incidenttookplace.
Incident Date:
The date onwhichcomplained incidenttookplace.
Incident Time:
The time onwhichcomplained incidenttookplace.
Identifier:
FIR_ID:
FIRIDisidentifierofanFIRbecauseitis keptin recordofpolice departmentfiling that
specific FIR against a compliant. So a specific ID will always toward the unique
incident
Victim:
Victim is apersonis apersonwhichis affected byanysortof activity bythe accused.
He mightbe dead oralive due to the crime committed.
Attributes:
Name:
The name of the victim is entered inthis attribute.
Father_Name:

8. Fathername of accused person.
Address:
The address of the victim is entered inthis attribute. Contact:
The contactinformationof the accused is entered inthis attribute like phone# etc.
Identifier:
Name+Address:
Onename can existonmorethan oneaddress,butitis notpossiblethattwo persons
with same name have same address
RELATIONSHIPS BETWEENENTITIES
Petitioner and FIR
➢Petitionerfiles anFIR
➢There is one-to-many relationship betweenPetitionerand FIR because
➢One Petitionercanfile more thanone FIRs.
➢Butone FIR is filed byone and onlyone Petitioner.
➢Itis notpossible thatanFIR is lodged byunknownPetitioner.
➢Hence we conclude that cardinality ofPetitioner is mandatory one
➢AccordingtothedefinitionofPetitioneritis necessaryforapersontobeaPetitioner
that he/she mustfile atleastone FIR.
➢Hence the cardinality of FIR is mandatory-many
Accused and FIR
FIR is lodged orfiled againstaccused
➢One FIR canbe lodged againstmore thanone accused
➢One FIR canbe lodged againstunknownaccused orcriminal
➢Similarly there maybe more thanone FIRs againstone accused but one accused
will have at leastone FIR againsthim.
➢Inthis relationship cardinality of FIRis mandatory-one
➢and cardinality of accused is optional-many
FIR and Victim
FIR is filed byPetitionerforavictim who is suffered from offence.
➢ There canbe one ormanyvictims forone FIR.

9. ➢There is one and onlyone FIR foravictim.
➢Cardinality of FIR is mandatory one
➢Cardinality of victim is one-many
FIR and Case
FIR initiates a Case
➢Case is dependentonFIR.
➢When a Petitioner files an FIR, the Police analyze the report whether it is a valid
report and needs a case to be initiated or the issue would be solved without filing a
case.
➢The police maynotinvestigate acomplaintevenif youfile aFIR,when:
➢The case is notserious innature;
➢The police feelthatthere is notenoughground to investigate.
➢The police must record the reasons for not conducting an investigation and inthe
latter case mustalso inform you.
➢If the complaintis acrime according to Law,thenacase is initiated.
➢Eitherone orno case canbe initiated (filed)onone FIR.
➢Cardinality of FIR is mandatory one
➢Cardinality of case is optionalone
Investigation Officer and Case
Investigationofficerinvestigates the case
➢Investigationofficermustinvestigate atleastone case
➢Investigationofficermayinvestigate more thanone case atthe same time
➢A case is investigated byone and onlyofficer
➢Hence the cardinality ofinvestigation officer is mandatory-one
➢And cardinality ofcase is mandatory many
➢Cardinality of FIR is mandatory one
➢Cardinality of case is optionalone
Investigation Officer and Case
➢Investigationofficerinvestigates the case
➢Investigationofficermustinvestigate atleastone case
➢Investigationofficermayinvestigate more thanone case at the same time

10. ➢A case is investigated byone and onlyofficer
➢Hence the cardinality ofinvestigation officer is mandatory-one
➢And cardinality ofcase is mandatory many
ER-Model
(Entities and their relationships)
RELATIONAL MODEL
Investigation officer:
• Name and rank are attributes of entityinvestigationofficer
• Officer_ id is primarykey
Officer_id Name Rank
Case:
 Case status , section of law ,case detail are the attributes and Case_ ID is
primarykey of entitycase
 Since ithas one-to many relationship with FIR and Investigation officer that is
why FIR_ID and Officer_ id are added as foreignkeyattributes inthis relation
Petitioner:
•Father_name,Address and Contactare attributes and the NIC and Name is primary
keyof Petitioner
FIR:
Case_
ID
Case
status
section of
law
case detail FIR_ID Officer_ id
NIC Name Father_name Address Contact

11. • Date_ lodged, Time_ Lodged, Incident_ time, Incident_ place, Incident_ date is
attributes and FIR_ID is primarykeyof FIR.
• P_NIC and P _Name is foreign key since FIR has one to many relationship with
petitioner.
• Victim _Name and Victim _address is foreign key since FIR has one to many
relationship with Victim
Accused:
Name, Father_ Name, Status, Photo, Age, Email, Gender, and NIC is attributes and
Accused_IDisprimarykeyofaccused,whereas accusedAddress,accused Phone
and Accused Alias is multivalued attributes of accused.
FIR_ID is the foreignkeysince accused has aone-to–manyrelationship with FIR
Accused_ Address:
Accused_ Phone:
Accused_
Alias:
Accused:
Name Fathers
_name
Status Photo Ag
e
Gen
der
Email Finger_p
rint
N
I
C
Accused_ID FIR_I
D
P_NI
C
P
_Na
me
Date
_
lodg
ed
Time
_
Lodg
ed
Incide
nt_
time
Incide
nt_
place
Incident_d
ate
FIR_I
D
Victi
m
_Na
me
Victim
_addre
ss
Accused_ID Address Accused_ID Phone
Accused_
ID
Alias

12. Victim:
•Father_ Name ,contactisattributes ofVictimand Name ,Addressis theprimarykey
Name Address Father_name Contact
Investigation officer:
Case:
Petitioner:
Petitio
ner_NI
C
Petition
er_nam
e
Victu
m_na
me
Victum
_addres
s
Time
_lodg
e
Date
_lod
ge
Incide
nt_tim
e
Incide
nt_pla
ce
Incide
nt_dat
e
FI
R_I
D
NIC Name Father_name Address Contact
FIR:
Victim:
NORMALIZATION
First Normal Form
Officer_ID Name Rank
Case_ID Case_status Section_of_law Case_detail FIR_ID Officer_ID
Accused_ID Phone
Name Address Father_name Contact

13. All the tables inrelational model are in 1NF because they fulfill the definition
of relation.
i.e there are no multi-valued attributes
Second Normal Form Investigation Officer:
•Name and Rank canbe determined byofficer_id (primarykey)
•Officer_ID, Name ,Rank
•This implies thatthere is no partialfunctionaldependencyinthis relation.Hence
•The relation“Investigation_officer” is in2nd
NormalForm
Case
Case_ID,Case_status , Case_Description, Section_of_law
•No partial functionaldependency
•“Case” is in 2nd
NormalForm
NIC +Name, Name,Father_name,Address,Contact
•Only NIC cannot be determinant because fraud cases can cause duplicate NIC
values
•No Partial functionaldependency
•Relation“Petitioner” is in2nd
NormalForm
Victim:
•Father_name and contact can be determined exactlyif name and address bothare
known because name is not unique similarly address is also not unique but
name+address collectivelyis unique
•Hence there is no partialfunctionaldependency
FIR:
•FIR_ID, Date_lodged ,Time_lodged ,Incident_place,incident_date
•No Partial functionaldependency
•Relation “FIR” is in 2nd
NormalForm
Accused:
•Accused_ID, Name,father_name,status,gender,age,nic,email
•No Partial functionaldependency

14. Relation“Accused” is in2nd
NormalForm
Above three relations Accused_Address, Accused_Alias, Accused_Contact arein
2nd
normalform.
Third Normal Form
In the relation “Accused” NIC seems to be the possible determinant for the
Name , Address , Fathers_name , Gender and Age of the accused but the
problem is that it is an optional attribute that its value can be null(unknown)
because mostly accused NIC# is not known for several reasons. So there
is no transitive dependency here and our relation is in 3NF
All the other relations are in 3NF because there are no transitive
dependencies
IMPLEMENTATION
SQL Implementation:
Note: All the following queries are written for Oracle XE so this SQL script
mayneed some variations while running onsome other DBMS product
Petitioner_T:
CREATE TABLE Petitioner_T( NIC VARCHAR2(15) NOT NULL, Nam
VARCHAR2(50) NOT NULL,Father_name VARCHAR2(50), Address
VARCHAR2(100),Contact NUMBER(12,0),CONSTRAINT
Petitioner_PK PRIMARY KEY(NIC,Name));
•Primary key is composed of NIC and Name that is why NOT NULL constraint is
applied to these columns
FIR:
CREATE TABLE
FIR_T(F I R _ i d N U M B E R ( 5 , 0 ) N O T N U L L , In
cident_date DATE NOT NULL,Incident_time
TIMESTAMP,Incident_place VARCHAR2(30),Time_lodged TI

15. MESTAMP DEFAULT SYSDATE,Date_lodged DATE NOT NULL,Petiti
oner_id VARCHAR2(15),
V i c t i m _ N a m e V A R C H A R 2
( 5 0 ) , V i c t i m _ A d d r e s s V A R C H A
R 2 ( 1 0 0 ) , C a s e _ i d N U
M B E R ( 1 0 , 0 ) , P e t i t i
o n e r _ N a m e V A R C H A R 2 ( 5 0 ) , CONSTRAINT
FIR_PK PRIMARY KEY(FIR_id),CONSTRAINT FIR_FK1 FOREIGN
KEY(victim_name,victim_address)REFERENCES
Victim_T(name,address),CONSTRAINT FIR_FK2 FOREIGN
KEY(Petitioner_id,Petitioner_Name)REFERENCES
Petitioner_T(NIC,Name),CONSTRAINT FIR_FK3 FOREIGN
KEY(Case_ID) REFERENCESCase_T(Case_ID));
•The attribute Incident_timeis notspecified NOT NULL because mostly
exactincident_time maynotbe known
•Time_lodged Is givensystem date as defaultvalue
Victim:
CREATE TABLE Victim_T
( Name VARCHAR2(50) NOT NULL, A d d r e s s V A R C H A R 2 ( 1
0 0 ) N O T N U L L , Father_name VARCHAR2(50),Contact
NUMBER(12,0),CONSTRAINT Victim_PK PRIMARY
KEY(Name,Address),);
Accused:
CREATE TABLE
Accused_T( Accused_ID NUMBER(5,0) NOT NULL, Name
VARCHAR2(50),Father_name
VARCHAR2(50),Status VARCHAR2(8) CHECK(StatusIN('Arrested','
Escaped','Bailed','Released')), Age NUMBER(3,0) CHECK(Age<150
),Gender CHAR(1) CHECK(Gender IN('m','f')), NIC
VARCHAR2(15),E m a i l V A R C H A R 2
( 5 0 ) U N I Q U E , P h o
t o B L O B , F i n g e r _
P r i n t s B L O B , FIR_ID NUMBER(5,0),CONSTRAINT
Accused_PK PRIMARY KEY(Accused_ID),CONSTRAINT

16. Accused_FK FOREIGN KEY(FIR_ID )
REFERENCESFIR_T(FIR_ID));
•There are only four possible status values for an accused
'Arrested','Escaped','Bailed','Released' Hence this constraint is
implemented here.
•A constraint of less than 150 is also applied on the age column
•Gender will be stored as a character only ‘M’ for male and ‘F’ for female
Investigation Officer:
CREATE TABLE
Investigation_officer_T(Officer_id VARCHAR2(15) NOT N
ULL, Name VARCHAR2(50),Rank
VARCHAR2(5),CONSTRAINT Investigation_officer_PK
PRIMARY KEY(Officer_id));
Case:
CREATE TABLE
Case_T(Case_id NUMBER(10,0) NOT NULL,Case_status C
HAR(1) CHECK(Case_status IN('c','o')),C a s e _ D e
t a i l L O N G , Section_of_law
VARCHAR2(6),FIR_ID NUMBER(5,0),Officer_id
VARCHAR2(15),CONSTRAINT Case_PK PRIMARY
KEY(Case_id),CONSTRAINT Case_FK1 FOREIGN
KEY(Fir_id)REFERENCES FIR_T(FIR_id),CONSTRAINT Case_FK2
FOREIGN KEY(Officer_id) REFERENCES
Investigation_officer_T(Officer_id));
•There are two possible values for
case_status
i.e. either a case is open or close so only a single character is stored for case
status ‘c’forclosedand‘o’foropenFollowingthree tablesare created formulti-valued
attributes of accused.
Accused Address:

17. CREATE TABLE
Accused_address_T( Accused_ID NUMBER(5,0) NOT NULL, A d d
r e s s V A R C H A R 2 ( 1 0 0 ) N O T N U L L , CONSTRAINT
Accused_address_PK PRIMARY
KEY(Accused_ID,Address),CONSTRAINT Accused_address_FK
FOREIGN KEY(Accused_ID)REFERENCES
Accused_T(Accused_id));
Accused Alias:
CREATE TABLE
Accused_alias_T( Accused_ID NUMBER(5,0) NOT NULL, Alias VAR
CHAR2(50) NOT NULL,CONSTRAINT Accused_alias_PK PRIMARY
KEY(Accused_ID,Alias),CONSTRAINT Accused_alias_FK FOREIGN
KEY(Accused_ID) REFERENCES Accused_T(Accused_ID));
Accused Contact:
CREATE TABLE
Accused_Contact_T( Accused_ID NUMBER(5,0) NOT NULL,P h o n
e _ N o N U M B E R ( 1 2 , 0 ) N O T N U L L , CONSTRAINT
Accused_Contact_PK
PRIMARYKEY(Accused_ID,Phone_No),CONSTRAINT
Accused_Contact_FK FOREIGN KEY(Accused_ID)REFERENCES
Accused_T(Accused_ID));