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COVID-19 VARIANTS.pptx
1. MARY GRACE O. LEOPARDAS, MD,FPAFP
Department of Health-CHD 13
2. Background
• COVID-19 is the name of the “novel coronavirus” disease
• SARS-CoV-2 is the name of the virus that causes COVID-19
• Coronaviruses cause mild respiratory illnesses, such as the common cold
o Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)
o Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)
• COVID-19 is a new coronavirus disease
• Emerged from Hubei Province, China in December 2019
3. What You Need to Know about Variants
Viruses constantly change through mutation
new variants of a virus are expected to occur
4. Genomic Biosurveillance
Analysis of the genetic code of a virus:
Done through whole genome sequencing (WGS)
Monitors the mutations the virus acquires and how these mutations
affect its behaviour
Mutations give rise to different variants
5. Genomic Biosurveillance in the Philippines
University of the Philippines - Philippine Genome Center (UP-PGC)
6. Working Together on Biosurveillance
IATF-MEID Task Force COVID-19 Variants
DOH TAG members
7. What You Need to Know about Variants
World Health Organization
- has assigned simple, easy to say and remember labels for key variants of
SARS-CoV-2
- using letters of the Greek alphabet.
9. Variant of Concern (VOC)
global public health significance:
Increased transmissibility
Increased virulence or severity
Increased hospitalization or death
10. Delta Variant (B.1.617.2)
Has spread in at least 98 countries
Highly transmissible –
Approximately 40-60% more transmissible
than the Alpha variant (B.1.1.7)
Associated with increased hospitalization
New COVID-19 cases reached a record high of 54,517 last July 14
Up more than tenfold on the number of cases at the start of June
14. Do COVID-19 vaccinations offer protection against the Delta variant?
Two jabs of the approved vaccines have been shown to
provide excellent protection from severe disease and
hospitalization against the Delta variant as well as
against other variants of concern
15. Will there be changes in the interventions we have now?
our strategies are
the SAME
16. ■ Let us avoid unnecessary travels and social gatherings that
can be done online.
■ Let us also limit the number of visitors in our homes.
■ Let us not compromise our safety and the safety of our family.
17. SHARE RESPONSIBLY
- We are all responsible for the kind of
information we create and share with our
peers and loved ones.
Editor's Notes
As a virus changes over time.
As it replicates, its genes undergo random “copying errors” (i.e. genetic mutations)
Do we have Genome Center here in the Philippines? YES, we do.
And there’s a TEAM who works together on this biosurveillance
DOH
Epidemiology Bureau
Phil Genome Center
National Institute of Health UP Manila
5. COVID-19 Inter-Agency Task Force for the Management of Emerging Infectious Diseases
6. DOH Technical Advisory Group
These labels do not replace existing scientific names
scientific names using those assigned by Nextstrain and Pango lineage, which convey important scientific information and will continue to be used in research.
While they have their advantages, these scientific names can be difficult to say and recall, and are prone to misreporting
VOC has global public health significance:
Because of its
Increased transmissibility
Increased virulence or severity
Which leads to increased hospitalization or death
In Australia, reports of “fleeting” or just 5 to 10 seconds of contact with a Delta variant case is said to be enough to transmit it
Despite the increase in cases
Two jabs/doses of the approved vaccines have been shown to provide excellent protection from severe disease and hospitalization against the Delta variant as well as against other variants of concern
While our strategies are the same, we need to intensify our implementation and adherence to our public health protocols - the minimum public health standards, order control measures, and quarantine, testing and contact tracing protocols. We must also ensure we have adequate health systems capacity to respond to cases
Since many Filipinos are still not vaccinated, the government is proactively implementing stricter measures to prevent a devastating situation that has plagued our neighboring countries these past months.
If we fail to stop the spread of the Delta variant through early action, we could see our healthcare system potentially collapsing - due to a catastrophic increase in those needing hospitalization, especially among the unvaccinated high-risk groups like the senior citizens and persons with underlying comorbidities. ○ Let us take the experiences of other countries around the world as a warning. If we don’t act together and act fast, the Philippines can be in the same devastating situation.
We need to be more aware and consistent in doing the preventive measures we have right now. They work!
We need to combat misinformation and disinformation. Stay informed, get and share information only from reputable sources and organizations.
Fully vaccinated people with Delta variant breakthrough infections can spread the virus to others.
However, vaccinated people appear to be infectious for a shorter period:
Previous variants typically produced less virus in the body of infected fully vaccinated people (breakthrough infections) than in unvaccinated people. In contrast, the Delta variant seems to produce the same high amount of virus in both unvaccinated and fully vaccinated people. However, like other variants, the amount of virus produced by Delta breakthrough infections in fully vaccinated people also goes down faster than infections in unvaccinated people. This means fully vaccinated people are likely infectious for less time than unvaccinated people.
