Corruption involves dishonest conduct by people in positions of authority to gain personal benefits. It can occur on different scales from petty to grand. Common forms of corruption include bribery, embezzlement, theft, and fraud. Corruption negatively impacts social and economic development by diverting investment and weakening public institutions like education and healthcare. It undermines democracy and exacerbates inequality. Personal greed, low salaries, lack of transparency and accountability in regulations and processes all contribute to corruption.

1.  ECONOMIC CRIMES

2. CORRUPTION
& BRIBERY

3. What is corruption?
 Is a form of dishonest or unethical
conduct by a person entrusted
with a position of authority, often
to acquire personal benefit.
What is bribery?
 Dishonestly persuade
(someone) to act in one’s favor
by a gift of money or other
inducement.

4. Scales of Corruption
 Petty corruption
 Grand corruption
 Systemic corruption
 Corruption in different sectors
 Government / Public Sector
corruption
 Political corruption
 Police corruption
 Judicial corruption
 Corruption in the Educational system

5. Methods of Corruption
 Bribery
 Embezzlement
 Theft
 Fraud
 Extortion and Blackmail
6 Types of Bribery Charges
 Bribery and Kickbacks
 Bribing a Public Official
 Bribery of or by a Witness
 Bribing a Foreign Official
 Banking Bribery
 Sporting Bribes
Bribery Prone Industries
 Aside from government related bribes and kickbacks, bribery is often found in a diverse number of
industries, including the building trades, pension/benefits administration and health care industries.

6. Types of Corrupt Gains
 Abuse of discretion
 Favoritism
 Nepotism
 Clientilism
Related Laws
 R.A. 6713 – Code of Conduct and Ethical
Standards for Public Officials and
Employees
 R.A.3019 – Anti-graft and Corrupt
Practices Act

7. CAUSES OF CORRUPTION &
BRIBERY
 Personal greed
 Decline of personal ethical sensitivity
 No sense of service when working in public or private institutions
 Low awareness or lack of courage to denounce corrupt
behavior and situations
 Cultural environments that condone corruption
 Lack of transparency
 Regulations and inefficient controls
 Slow judicial processes
 Lack of moral criteria in promotion
 Downplaying or reacting mildly to corruption charges
 Low Salary
 Lack of tolerance

8. Impact Of Corruption
• Hinders social and economic development
and increases poverty by diverting domestic
and foreign investment away from where it are
most needed;
• Weakens education and health systems,
depriving people of the basic building blocks
of a decent life;
• Undermines democracy by distorting
electoral processes and undermining
government institutions, which can lead to
political instability;
• Exacerbates inequality and injustice by
perverting the rule of law and punishing
victims of crime through corrupt rulings

9. Conclusion
 Corruption, as we know is the criminal
thing that a person in a certain capacity
especially with negative connotation, they
do the illegal thing to make a benefit for
them self.