- Procedures allow instructions to be grouped together and repeated to complete a task like drawing a shape. This avoids repeating the same instructions and makes the programming easier and quicker. - Procedures can be built by listing commands between "To" and "End", then activated and tested. They can also be saved and used again in other programs. - More complex pictures and effects can be created by using procedures within procedures, like making a procedure to draw a house and then a procedure to draw a street of houses.

1. Control Procedures

2. Starter You have 2 minutes START Take left earring out Place on table Pick up new earring Put it on Take right earring out Place on table Pick up new earring Put it on STOP Which instructions are repeated?

3. Starter A procedure can be created to avoid repetition of instructions. Take left earring out PROC earring Take right earring out PROC earring STOP PROC earring Place on table Pick up new earring Put it on

4. Lesson Objectives Identify procedures within a system Understand how to store and edit commands in procedures Recognize the advantages of storing commands for writing programs

5. Learning Outcomes Starter – Identify procedures Task 1 – Build & Edit a procedure to create a square Task 2 – Create a procedure to draw a house Task 3 – Create a procedure to create a street

6. Advantages: Saves a lot of work Building program is very easy Quick to edit a procedure Procedures can be tested and used again Procedures Computers are given instructions with a list of Commands. This group of commands is used to build a procedure

7. Square Procedure : Activate a procedure by clicking on EDALL or type Edit “Square Actions need to be between To and End e.g. To Square Repeat 4 [FD 100 RT] End 3. Test by highlighting the commands - Repeat 4 [FD 100 RT] and clicking on TEST 4. To save your procedures go FILE and Save & EXIT How?

8. Load LOGO and build and edit a procedure Task 1 You have 10 minutes Build a procedure to create a Square Edit the procedure to make the square smaller

9. E.g. To build a house: PROC 1 – Square PROC 2 – Triangle PROC 3 – House Multiple Procedures Computers can be programmed to include procedures within procedures to create special effects

10. Using procedures within procedures Task 2 Create procedures to draw a house Create a procedure called street to draw a row of house You have 10 minutes

11. Recursions enables you to do continuous repeats by using shapes within shapes Task 3 Create procedures to draw complicated and impressive pictures You have 10 minutes

12. Lists of commands can be used to create Procedures . Procedures are easy to build and saves a lot of work Procedures can be stored, tested and used again . Impressive pictures can be programmed using procedures within procedures. What can I remember? Plenary

13. A procedure is a program that is created and used in a bigger program. A procedure can be used a number of times. There is a special symbol for a procedure. A procedure is also called a subroutine . Testing a program can be made easier by creating procedure for the various stages and testing them separately first. It also helps to organize the way a program looks.