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Conservation 3.0
- 2. Society for Conservation Biology Founded May 8, 1985, Anne Arbor, MI Smithsonian Institution & National Academies of Science, September 21–25, 1986 National Forum on Biodiversity To be launched in September 2015 Sustainable Development Goals
- 3. So where are we?
- 4. The worldwide number of protected areas has risen dramatically, from under 10,000 in 1950 to over 209,000 by 2014. They cover 15.4% of the planet’s terrestrial and inland water areas, and 3.4 % of the oceans. 8.4% of all marine areas within national jurisdiction (0- 200 nautical miles). Source: Protected Planet Report 2014 Number protected areas has increased exponentially around the world. Good so far.
- 5. Every major group is in decline Hoffmann, Michael, et al. "The impact of conservation on the status of the world’s vertebrates." science 330.6010 (2010): 1503-1509.
- 6. The Sixth Mass Extinction
- 7. 90% of Madagascar Forests are gone
- 8. Extinction Rates Most species are undescribed. The species we know best have large geographical ranges and are often common within them. The numbers of known species with very small ranges are increasing quickly, even in well-known taxa Current rates of extinction are about 1000x background rates. Of a conservatively estimated 5 M to 9 M animal species on the planet, we are likely losing ~11,000 to 58,000 species annually. This does not consider population extirpations and declines in animal abundance within populations. Pimm, Stuart L., et al. "The biodiversity of species and their rates of extinction, distribution, and protection." Science 344.6187 (2014): 1246752 Dirzo, Rodolfo, et al. "Defaunation in the Anthropocene." Science 345.6195 (2014): 401-406.
- 9. 9.6 Billion people by 2050 = 70% more food Growing Middle Class in Brazil, India, China, Indonesia. What happens when the bottom billions want meat & dairy & refrigeration? 70% of harvested crops are fed to livestock in developed countries.
- 10. Question: What happens when the bottom billions want meat, dairy, and refrigeration? 109 ha (the size of the US) of natural systems Global Agricultur e
- 11. Wildlife Trade
- 12. Source: Global Innovation Lab. 2014. Innovative Financing for Development.
- 13. • Technophobic & Pessimistic • Failure to address demand and harness behavior change • Backward rather than forward looking. • Failure to align incentives and harness the power of markets. Conservation System Challenges
- 15. Where are the opportunities to leapfrog in conservation?
- 16. Global Health transformed from tropical medicine by expanding its solution set and its tribeConservation must broaden its tent of who is in conservation.
- 17. Much as humans have created the problems, we have the means to solve them.
- 18. Conservation Technology & Engineering Resilience – Restoration – Replacement – Rates of Change
- 19. Planet Labs & NanoSatellites 3 m resolution Every day Everywhere
- 20. 3D Printing
- 21. Oral Rehydration Salts 6.5 Billion Cell phones around the world – they are now gateways to human knowledge and sensors of the environment.
- 22. The Connected Ecosystem Digital thermometer Passive infrared proximity sensor 3-axis accelerometer Humidity Ambient light Proximity sensor GPS location Ultrasonic distance Gas (smoke, methane, CO2) Most < $10 and many more
- 24. No bacteria (brucellosis) No lactose No bad cholesterol No methane No animal cruelty Smaller footprint REPLACING PROTEIN FOR THE BILLIONS EMERGING INTO MIDDLE CLASS
- 27. Biopunk
- 29. Wildlife Probiotics: Combat novel invasive species & diseases Post-Antibiotic World Reduce use of N, P, and pesticides for agriculture. Restoration of degraded ecosystems. Thermotolerance Reduction of Greenhouse Gases
- 30. OpenRov
- 31. Biomimicry
- 32. Creating a Pipeline of New Innovations Global Fund & Challenge Model Incubation & Acceleration Equity Investments (Public & Private)
- 34. Building the Tribe for Conservation 3.0 Build a novel community from the existing conservation movement, but also incorporate technologists, biological engineers, designers, makers, innovators, hackers, marketers, financiers, and anthropologists
- 35. If we can put a Volkswagen beetle-sized rover on mars, we have the tools to engineer new solutions for conservation
Editor's Notes
- Launched 30 years ago, launch of the sustainable development goals,
- Launched 30 years ago, launch of the sustainable development goals,
- Launched 30 years ago, launch of the sustainable development goals,
- The numbers of known species with very small ranges are increasing quickly, even in well-known taxa. They are geographically concentrated and are disproportionately likely to be threatened or already extinct. We expect unknown species to share these characteristics.
- Lesson 1: Field biology much less glamorous than it looks on TV. Much, much, less.
- Launched 30 years ago, launch of the sustainable development goals,
- Image Source: NASA, PlanetLabs
- Lesson 1: Field biology much less glamorous than it looks on TV. Much, much, less.
- Vetco: http://www.vetco.net/catalog/product_info.php?products_id=12805&gclid=COyyz9S56sMCFS3l7Aod5iUArA DX: http://www.dx.com/p/pyroelectric-infrared-pir-motion-sensor-detector-module-157004?tc=USD&gclid=CO_Fjv-56sMCFWgV7Aod3HgAFg#.VOP5psZGo04 http://www.dx.com/p/three-axis-gyroscope-accelerometer-sensor-module-for-arduino-148615#.VOP6jcZGo04 https://www.sparkfun.com/products/10167 http://www.electronics123.com/s.nl/it.A/id.3144/.f http://www.nskelectronics.com/inductive_proximity_sensor.html http://www.adafruit.com/product/746
- When the project was half way through, it was 1% completed. Critics estimated that it would take 100 years. 1990-2003. 2.7 Billion Craig Venter: 1998, 300M.
- Lesson 1: Field biology much less glamorous than it looks on TV. Much, much, less.
- Within the human body alone, there over 100 trillion microbial symbionts, which constitutes up to an order of magnitude more non-human cells than human cells. Moreover, the collective microbial genome contains 100 times more genes than the human genome. Microbes control the composition of gases in the atmosphere, and are major agents of nutrient cycles on the planet.
- Our knowledge of the marine microbiome is also incredibly thin. What we do understand suggests the hidden power of microbiota for conservation. Emerging research suggests important links between the diversity and makeup of an individual’s microbiome (the typical human microbiome is made up of 1,000 species, with considerable variation between individuals), and their physical and mental health, nutrition, immune response, and response to drugs. Disease can result not just from the presence of pathogens, but from the absence or altered composition of organisms in the microbiome. The increase in novel diseases around the world that are decimating species, like the devastating effect of Chytridiomycosis on amphibians, may be a result of imbalance in microbial communities. Yet, advances in microbiology offer great promise for conservation applications. Within farming systems, which have a significant impact on our oceans, we could potentially reduce the ecological impact of meat production by increasing the efficiency of nutrient extraction in the gut, or alternatively, reducing the need for antibiotics. For plants, microbiological engineering promises novel ways of reducing pesticides to better shape plant health and productivity. Finally, we could create probiotics for conservation, to help with the restoration of natural systems and communities that have been disturbed by human activities and global environment change.