The document discusses governance challenges facing pension funds and how building an online community using social media could help address some of these challenges. It notes that trustees currently find decision making difficult due to a lack of time, expertise and accountability. However, social media could allow trustees to more easily share information and experiences, have more regular meetings focused on the future rather than the past, and get input from a broader group of people to help inform decisions. Building an online community also draws parallels to collaborative projects like Wikipedia that have harnessed the power of many individuals working together.
Alex Fox Big challenges, micro-scale solutions 291112BCFinland
Big challenges, micro-scale solutions discusses the history and current state of social care in the UK. It summarizes that while reforms have improved choice and independence, personalization has not fully transformed the system and prevention is still lacking. It advocates for asset-based and community-focused approaches like Shared Lives, which matches people in need of support with caring families.
Thank you for downloading our Shift Happened presentation: our selection of events that took place in July 2011.
We hope you’ll enjoy the content and will be able to make use of it.
This document provides an overview and summary of a study conducted by Handicap International on victim assistance and disability services for landmine/ERW survivors in 29 affected countries. The study aimed to map and assess the current situation of such services 10 years after the Mine Ban Treaty to supplement existing knowledge and address gaps. It identified around 175 relevant civil society organizations. The study results are presented in an online directory of these organizations, an analytical assessment of some cases, and a BBC documentary on the challenges in Laos.
This document is a newsletter from Voscur, an organization that supports voluntary and community groups in Bristol, England. It provides information on recent events held by Voscur, including their annual conference and awards ceremony celebrating excellence in the sector. It also discusses representation of voluntary groups in the local strategic partnership and ensuring the sector can influence decision-making. The newsletter contains various articles on topics like hate crimes, funding opportunities, good practices, and training resources for groups.
The document discusses cloud computing trends and tips for adopting cloud services. It outlines 9 cloud trends like elastic cloud computing, datacenter marketplaces, virtual desktops, and machine learning that will help businesses grow and secure operations. The document also provides tips to help avoid potential issues when adopting cloud services, such as avoiding vendor lock-in, implementing security plans, and calculating comprehensive return on investment.
The document discusses key aspects of data centers including:
- Defining what a data center is and its main components: white space, support infrastructure, IT equipment, and operations staff.
- How data centers are managed through coordinated efforts between IT and facilities to maintain systems and infrastructure.
- What a green data center is and how the federal government is involved in improving energy efficiency.
- Common concerns of key stakeholders like IT, facilities, and finance when managing a data center.
- Options for addressing lack of power, space or cooling through optimization, moving locations, or outsourcing.
- Important measurements and benchmarks for data center efficiency like PUE and where to find standards from groups
The document discusses governance challenges facing pension funds and how building an online community using social media could help address some of these challenges. It notes that trustees currently find decision making difficult due to a lack of time, expertise and accountability. However, social media could allow trustees to more easily share information and experiences, have more regular meetings focused on the future rather than the past, and get input from a broader group of people to help inform decisions. Building an online community also draws parallels to collaborative projects like Wikipedia that have harnessed the power of many individuals working together.
Alex Fox Big challenges, micro-scale solutions 291112BCFinland
Big challenges, micro-scale solutions discusses the history and current state of social care in the UK. It summarizes that while reforms have improved choice and independence, personalization has not fully transformed the system and prevention is still lacking. It advocates for asset-based and community-focused approaches like Shared Lives, which matches people in need of support with caring families.
Thank you for downloading our Shift Happened presentation: our selection of events that took place in July 2011.
We hope you’ll enjoy the content and will be able to make use of it.
This document provides an overview and summary of a study conducted by Handicap International on victim assistance and disability services for landmine/ERW survivors in 29 affected countries. The study aimed to map and assess the current situation of such services 10 years after the Mine Ban Treaty to supplement existing knowledge and address gaps. It identified around 175 relevant civil society organizations. The study results are presented in an online directory of these organizations, an analytical assessment of some cases, and a BBC documentary on the challenges in Laos.
This document is a newsletter from Voscur, an organization that supports voluntary and community groups in Bristol, England. It provides information on recent events held by Voscur, including their annual conference and awards ceremony celebrating excellence in the sector. It also discusses representation of voluntary groups in the local strategic partnership and ensuring the sector can influence decision-making. The newsletter contains various articles on topics like hate crimes, funding opportunities, good practices, and training resources for groups.
The document discusses cloud computing trends and tips for adopting cloud services. It outlines 9 cloud trends like elastic cloud computing, datacenter marketplaces, virtual desktops, and machine learning that will help businesses grow and secure operations. The document also provides tips to help avoid potential issues when adopting cloud services, such as avoiding vendor lock-in, implementing security plans, and calculating comprehensive return on investment.
The document discusses key aspects of data centers including:
- Defining what a data center is and its main components: white space, support infrastructure, IT equipment, and operations staff.
- How data centers are managed through coordinated efforts between IT and facilities to maintain systems and infrastructure.
- What a green data center is and how the federal government is involved in improving energy efficiency.
- Common concerns of key stakeholders like IT, facilities, and finance when managing a data center.
- Options for addressing lack of power, space or cooling through optimization, moving locations, or outsourcing.
- Important measurements and benchmarks for data center efficiency like PUE and where to find standards from groups
This document outlines the concept of self-directed support, which gives individuals more control over their support and assistance. It discusses the history and principles of self-directed support, including the importance of individual rights, flexibility, clarity, and community involvement. Research shows self-directed support can improve people's lives while potentially reducing costs. The document proposes creating a European network to promote self-directed support principles and share best practices between countries in order to strengthen individual rights and inclusion.
A Framework of Purpose and Consent for Data Security and Consumer PrivacyAurélie Pols
Introducing a basic Privacy framework of purpose and consent, this presentation continues with exploring data minimization opportunities and related internal procedures to assure this framework is respected and aligned with global regulation.
Arguing that in light of increased data collection, the very notion of PII or personal information is more than a blurry concept and that de-identification of data is not as easy as it is suggested to be, the conversation should evolve towards the particular context within which data is being used.
The question to ask then becomes “what risk does an individual face if her data is used in a particular way?”
Borrowing from Spanish information security best practices and in the light of increasing data breach regulations, the presentation examines how data flows should ideally be defined and secured in order to assure accountability through an entire data lifecycle.
Such a lifecycles must also include evolving legislative minimal and maximum data retention periods after which action needs to be taken, either through anonymization of collected and used data or through its thorough deletion.
Last but not least, data transits through multiple systems, hosted within multiple environments, ranging from internal and national to international cloud based solutions. Each actor of this data chain has a role to play and responsibility to abide by in order to assure compliance and mitigate risk.
Manual que proposa un sistema d'indicadors per a estimar el valor social d'un projecte cultural o social. Pensat per a entitats culturals o socials a G.B.
The Brussels Data Science community is supported by the European Data Innovation Hub.
Our mission is to educate, inspire and empower scholars and professionals to apply data sciences to address humanity’s grand challenges.
What we do
mind the gap
We are the fastest growing community of data scientists in Europe.
We love doing Data4Good.
We promote the value of analytics and organise events, hands-on sessions and trainings to close the gap between academics and business.
Join us if you want to share, learn and have fun with analytical & technological innovation & positive social change.
The document discusses the sharing economy and several companies within it. It begins by defining the sharing economy as an economy built on distributed networks versus centralized institutions. It then discusses various business models within the sharing economy like transportation, retail, and hospitality. Specific companies covered include Didi, Uber, and Zhihu. Didi is China's largest ride-hailing platform while Uber operates in over 300 cities globally. Zhihu is a Chinese question-answering website that has grown significantly since its founding in 2011 through its interactive community approach to sharing knowledge.
The document summarizes the results of a pilot survey of GLAM institutions in Switzerland regarding their readiness for open data and crowdsourcing. It finds that while a critical mass of institutions have adopted open data practices, adoption of crowdsourcing faces higher perceived risks. The majority view the opportunities of open data as outweighing the risks but have reservations about freely licensing content. Implications discussed include focusing initial outreach on simple content release and demonstrating the benefits of cooperation to foster greater engagement.
eMetrics Summit Boston 2014 - Big Data for Marketing - Privacy Principles & P...Aurélie Pols
Advertisers are collecting as much data as possible in order to sell finely targeted audiences to corporations. Privacy advocates are trying to wake up the populace to the continuous loss of civil liberties. Marketers are just trying to use the best tools to sell more stuff without alienating the public. Aurélie offers up a global view privacy rules and regulations to highlight how the upcoming European Union Personal Data Protection Regulation will influence digital analytics around the world. Then David identifies key data collection and usage issues and discusses ways to obtain the data we need while maintaining the trust and confidence of those we need to reach.
The document discusses social return on investment (SROI) and its application to the askTheSite service. SROI allows monetary values to be assigned to social impacts and expressed as a ratio to costs. YouthNet calculated that for every £1 invested in askTheSite, there was a social return of £7.38 based on analyzing costs, outputs, outcomes and impacts. The process involved identifying monetary values for impacts like reduced health costs, increased earnings and benefits saved. While making big assumptions, the SROI model demonstrates askTheSite's value to funders and can be adapted to other YouthNet services.
The WYRED (netWorked Youth Research for Empowerment in the Digital society) project has celebrated its fifth face-to-face meeting in Istanbul (Turkey) from November 19th–21st. This represents the work done by TAU partner regarding the WP4 (Delphi).
Beyond Green - Opportunity Analysis Projectsozamora
The document discusses the formation and initial research of the Beyond Green team. The team's goal was to create an online networking community for innovators, inventors, and environmentalists to collaborate on sustainable development projects. Through surveys, the team found a need for easier access to renewable energy data currently spread across various organizations. The team then refined their value proposition to focus on "Bringing customized data from aggregate renewable energy sources to market." An executive felt this new concept was viable if companies provided data to access other data and revenue was shared for providing data. The next steps are to further develop this concept.
International learning on Self-Directed SupportCitizen Network
Self-directed support has been developing since the 1960s - there is a long way still to go - here are some thoughts about lessons so far from around the world.
This document summarizes key discussions from a World Economic Forum dialogue on personal data. The summary includes:
- The world has changed significantly with more data being collected, analyzed, and shared across networks in new ways. This creates opportunities for innovation but also risks regarding privacy, security, and other issues.
- A new approach is needed to balance these opportunities and risks, such as shifting the focus from controlling data to controlling data usage, and recognizing that context is important for flexible solutions.
- Dialogue participants discussed issues like protection and security, accountability, and evolving individual rights and responsibilities regarding personal data usage. Potential ways forward include establishing updated principles, using technology to ensure accountability and enable choices, and demonstrating how contextual
Social Media - Not just a drop in the ocean? bicos
1. Social media is changing how customers interact with brands and how employees interact with companies. It provides both opportunities and challenges for businesses.
2. Opportunities include using social listening to improve operational excellence, better inform decision making, and innovating new business models. However, many companies currently lack a coherent strategy for managing social media.
3. Challenges include the fast pace of change in technology and society outpacing many organizations' ability to adapt, and developing the needed competencies to leverage social media opportunities.
How to create a kick ass business case for accessibilityIntopia
This document provides guidance on creating a business case for accessibility. It explains that a business case evaluates the benefits, costs, and risks of options to help decision making. A successful business case is aligned with business strategy, demonstrates clear overall benefits to the organization, and is backed by evidence with executive support. The document cites data showing the size of the disability market and references research reports highlighting the costs of inaccessibility and benefits of accessibility such as increased customers, spending, and reputation as well as reduced costs. It emphasizes using data and stories to engage executives and considering everyone's motivations.
The document discusses how greater access to and use of data can drive productivity gains and innovation in the financial sector. It notes that Australia has fallen behind other countries in productivity growth and access to data is key to addressing this. The document recommends developing regulatory frameworks to better share and utilize data while protecting privacy, as well as investing in research to analyze new types of data and spatial data in particular. Recognizing both unique challenges and opportunities, it argues that with the right policies Australia can leverage data to boost productivity.
Social media presents both opportunities and risks for companies. It allows new ways to interact with stakeholders through marketing and recruitment. However, it also risks sensitive information leaks and legal/IP issues. In-house counsel should understand new technologies and provide early legal advice to address reputational, security and compliance risks. Companies need social media policies and employee training to mitigate risks while leveraging opportunities.
This document summarizes an accounting presentation on addressing changes related to big data. It discusses how big data is impacting corporate valuations and the need for accounting professionals to adapt. Key points include:
- Big data and digital assets are difficult to value and account for, but are becoming increasingly important to corporate value. Laws and regulations struggle to keep up with data usage.
- Companies are accumulating vast amounts of data that provide insights but also risks regarding ownership, protection, and liability. Proper data governance and accountability are needed.
- Accounting professionals must evolve to help measure, value, and report on digital assets and data-driven intangibles. New skills are required to analyze various types of structured and
This document is a slide deck for a workshop aimed at co-creating innovation hubs in Beirut, Lebanon. The workshop will have two objectives: 1) define actions to strengthen the mobile internet ecosystem through collaboration with stakeholders, and 2) brainstorm a year of innovation activities among ecosystem stakeholders to support job growth and competitiveness. The slide deck covers topics like defining innovation and ecosystems, the importance of users in ecosystems, how business models are shifting to platforms and networks, components of entrepreneurial ecosystems, and roles within innovation ecosystems. It also outlines exercises for participants to analyze and map the key actors, attitudes, and connections within the mobile internet innovation ecosystem in Lebanon.
Innovation and economic growth depends on company's ability to gain insight into data. However, data is growing exponentially, but our ability to make use of it is not. Untapped economic value resides in this unutilized data, called "dark data." This presentation looks at some of the causes for the explosion of data, some of the impediments preventing exploring and creating business value from dark data; and some ideas for ways around those impediments.
This document outlines the concept of self-directed support, which gives individuals more control over their support and assistance. It discusses the history and principles of self-directed support, including the importance of individual rights, flexibility, clarity, and community involvement. Research shows self-directed support can improve people's lives while potentially reducing costs. The document proposes creating a European network to promote self-directed support principles and share best practices between countries in order to strengthen individual rights and inclusion.
A Framework of Purpose and Consent for Data Security and Consumer PrivacyAurélie Pols
Introducing a basic Privacy framework of purpose and consent, this presentation continues with exploring data minimization opportunities and related internal procedures to assure this framework is respected and aligned with global regulation.
Arguing that in light of increased data collection, the very notion of PII or personal information is more than a blurry concept and that de-identification of data is not as easy as it is suggested to be, the conversation should evolve towards the particular context within which data is being used.
The question to ask then becomes “what risk does an individual face if her data is used in a particular way?”
Borrowing from Spanish information security best practices and in the light of increasing data breach regulations, the presentation examines how data flows should ideally be defined and secured in order to assure accountability through an entire data lifecycle.
Such a lifecycles must also include evolving legislative minimal and maximum data retention periods after which action needs to be taken, either through anonymization of collected and used data or through its thorough deletion.
Last but not least, data transits through multiple systems, hosted within multiple environments, ranging from internal and national to international cloud based solutions. Each actor of this data chain has a role to play and responsibility to abide by in order to assure compliance and mitigate risk.
Manual que proposa un sistema d'indicadors per a estimar el valor social d'un projecte cultural o social. Pensat per a entitats culturals o socials a G.B.
The Brussels Data Science community is supported by the European Data Innovation Hub.
Our mission is to educate, inspire and empower scholars and professionals to apply data sciences to address humanity’s grand challenges.
What we do
mind the gap
We are the fastest growing community of data scientists in Europe.
We love doing Data4Good.
We promote the value of analytics and organise events, hands-on sessions and trainings to close the gap between academics and business.
Join us if you want to share, learn and have fun with analytical & technological innovation & positive social change.
The document discusses the sharing economy and several companies within it. It begins by defining the sharing economy as an economy built on distributed networks versus centralized institutions. It then discusses various business models within the sharing economy like transportation, retail, and hospitality. Specific companies covered include Didi, Uber, and Zhihu. Didi is China's largest ride-hailing platform while Uber operates in over 300 cities globally. Zhihu is a Chinese question-answering website that has grown significantly since its founding in 2011 through its interactive community approach to sharing knowledge.
The document summarizes the results of a pilot survey of GLAM institutions in Switzerland regarding their readiness for open data and crowdsourcing. It finds that while a critical mass of institutions have adopted open data practices, adoption of crowdsourcing faces higher perceived risks. The majority view the opportunities of open data as outweighing the risks but have reservations about freely licensing content. Implications discussed include focusing initial outreach on simple content release and demonstrating the benefits of cooperation to foster greater engagement.
eMetrics Summit Boston 2014 - Big Data for Marketing - Privacy Principles & P...Aurélie Pols
Advertisers are collecting as much data as possible in order to sell finely targeted audiences to corporations. Privacy advocates are trying to wake up the populace to the continuous loss of civil liberties. Marketers are just trying to use the best tools to sell more stuff without alienating the public. Aurélie offers up a global view privacy rules and regulations to highlight how the upcoming European Union Personal Data Protection Regulation will influence digital analytics around the world. Then David identifies key data collection and usage issues and discusses ways to obtain the data we need while maintaining the trust and confidence of those we need to reach.
The document discusses social return on investment (SROI) and its application to the askTheSite service. SROI allows monetary values to be assigned to social impacts and expressed as a ratio to costs. YouthNet calculated that for every £1 invested in askTheSite, there was a social return of £7.38 based on analyzing costs, outputs, outcomes and impacts. The process involved identifying monetary values for impacts like reduced health costs, increased earnings and benefits saved. While making big assumptions, the SROI model demonstrates askTheSite's value to funders and can be adapted to other YouthNet services.
The WYRED (netWorked Youth Research for Empowerment in the Digital society) project has celebrated its fifth face-to-face meeting in Istanbul (Turkey) from November 19th–21st. This represents the work done by TAU partner regarding the WP4 (Delphi).
Beyond Green - Opportunity Analysis Projectsozamora
The document discusses the formation and initial research of the Beyond Green team. The team's goal was to create an online networking community for innovators, inventors, and environmentalists to collaborate on sustainable development projects. Through surveys, the team found a need for easier access to renewable energy data currently spread across various organizations. The team then refined their value proposition to focus on "Bringing customized data from aggregate renewable energy sources to market." An executive felt this new concept was viable if companies provided data to access other data and revenue was shared for providing data. The next steps are to further develop this concept.
International learning on Self-Directed SupportCitizen Network
Self-directed support has been developing since the 1960s - there is a long way still to go - here are some thoughts about lessons so far from around the world.
This document summarizes key discussions from a World Economic Forum dialogue on personal data. The summary includes:
- The world has changed significantly with more data being collected, analyzed, and shared across networks in new ways. This creates opportunities for innovation but also risks regarding privacy, security, and other issues.
- A new approach is needed to balance these opportunities and risks, such as shifting the focus from controlling data to controlling data usage, and recognizing that context is important for flexible solutions.
- Dialogue participants discussed issues like protection and security, accountability, and evolving individual rights and responsibilities regarding personal data usage. Potential ways forward include establishing updated principles, using technology to ensure accountability and enable choices, and demonstrating how contextual
Social Media - Not just a drop in the ocean? bicos
1. Social media is changing how customers interact with brands and how employees interact with companies. It provides both opportunities and challenges for businesses.
2. Opportunities include using social listening to improve operational excellence, better inform decision making, and innovating new business models. However, many companies currently lack a coherent strategy for managing social media.
3. Challenges include the fast pace of change in technology and society outpacing many organizations' ability to adapt, and developing the needed competencies to leverage social media opportunities.
How to create a kick ass business case for accessibilityIntopia
This document provides guidance on creating a business case for accessibility. It explains that a business case evaluates the benefits, costs, and risks of options to help decision making. A successful business case is aligned with business strategy, demonstrates clear overall benefits to the organization, and is backed by evidence with executive support. The document cites data showing the size of the disability market and references research reports highlighting the costs of inaccessibility and benefits of accessibility such as increased customers, spending, and reputation as well as reduced costs. It emphasizes using data and stories to engage executives and considering everyone's motivations.
The document discusses how greater access to and use of data can drive productivity gains and innovation in the financial sector. It notes that Australia has fallen behind other countries in productivity growth and access to data is key to addressing this. The document recommends developing regulatory frameworks to better share and utilize data while protecting privacy, as well as investing in research to analyze new types of data and spatial data in particular. Recognizing both unique challenges and opportunities, it argues that with the right policies Australia can leverage data to boost productivity.
Social media presents both opportunities and risks for companies. It allows new ways to interact with stakeholders through marketing and recruitment. However, it also risks sensitive information leaks and legal/IP issues. In-house counsel should understand new technologies and provide early legal advice to address reputational, security and compliance risks. Companies need social media policies and employee training to mitigate risks while leveraging opportunities.
This document summarizes an accounting presentation on addressing changes related to big data. It discusses how big data is impacting corporate valuations and the need for accounting professionals to adapt. Key points include:
- Big data and digital assets are difficult to value and account for, but are becoming increasingly important to corporate value. Laws and regulations struggle to keep up with data usage.
- Companies are accumulating vast amounts of data that provide insights but also risks regarding ownership, protection, and liability. Proper data governance and accountability are needed.
- Accounting professionals must evolve to help measure, value, and report on digital assets and data-driven intangibles. New skills are required to analyze various types of structured and
This document is a slide deck for a workshop aimed at co-creating innovation hubs in Beirut, Lebanon. The workshop will have two objectives: 1) define actions to strengthen the mobile internet ecosystem through collaboration with stakeholders, and 2) brainstorm a year of innovation activities among ecosystem stakeholders to support job growth and competitiveness. The slide deck covers topics like defining innovation and ecosystems, the importance of users in ecosystems, how business models are shifting to platforms and networks, components of entrepreneurial ecosystems, and roles within innovation ecosystems. It also outlines exercises for participants to analyze and map the key actors, attitudes, and connections within the mobile internet innovation ecosystem in Lebanon.
Innovation and economic growth depends on company's ability to gain insight into data. However, data is growing exponentially, but our ability to make use of it is not. Untapped economic value resides in this unutilized data, called "dark data." This presentation looks at some of the causes for the explosion of data, some of the impediments preventing exploring and creating business value from dark data; and some ideas for ways around those impediments.
Similar to Conférence Open Data par où commencer ? Round table 2 How to use open data ? (20)
Conférence Open Data par où commencer ? Intervention M. Ribes, Orange
Conférence Open Data par où commencer ? Round table 2 How to use open data ?
1. Round Table 2: How to use open
data?
Moderator: Hugo Kerschot
(IS-practice, Belgium)
2. Agenda
• What kind of data do we publish first? Why? How?
John Keys, e-Business Officer
Manchester Digital Development Agency (United-Kingdom)
• Open data: what impact on the local authority's internal organisation?
Frédéric Romanczuk, Business Development Manager Public sector
Microsoft (France)
• Open data: Free or Fee ?
William Gilles, Director of the "Master in Administration-Companies Digital Law " at Sorbonne's
Law School, President of IMODEV (France)
• What is the platform we could use to host our open data?
Bruno Pinna, Director Cloud Computing
Bull (France)
• Open data: How to achieve interoperability?
Evangelos Arzygoukis, ICT Expert
Intrasoft (Greece)
3. What kind of data do we publish first?
Why? How?
John Keys
pen data. Free or Fee?
e-Business Officer at Manchester Digital Development
Agency (United-Kingdom)
4. What kind of data do we publish first?
• In each instance it will be different;
• Identify your priorities & ease of doing it;
• Engage with developers, residents & businesses to
define priorities;
• Personal data?
• Do it.
5. Why ?
• Business Case:
– Every day there are an estimated 600 staff in the public sector in Greater Manchester
looking for data, trying to access databases and converting data into single formats for
cross analysis…. Cost estimated at £8,500,000 p.a.
– 14,000 + Bus Stops 15 Bus Stations 50 + trams stops– soon to be 100 + 200 + Train
Stations 2,000 + Bus Routes 300,000,000 passenger journeys 40 + Bus Operators.
• Legislation:
– EU & National legislation coupled with the local context. Manchester’s digital strategy is
committed to making Manchester the UK exemplar for Open Data.
• Social & political:
– Improving communities & peoples lives
• Economic:
– New businesses
– More efficient ways of working
8. How?
• Make stuff available
• Make it structured
• Non proprietary
• Linked data
• Ecosystem – Develop & engage e.g. Hackathon
– DataGM & Open Data Manchester
– Eurocities KSF, Open Data Working Group
– Open Knowledge Foundation e.g. OK Fest
9.
10.
11. Open data: what impact on the local
authority's internal organisation?
Fee?
Frédéric Romanczuk
Business Development Manager
Public sector, Microsoft (France)
Email : fredrom@microsoft.com
12. Organisation modernisation
• An open data project is a way to move the
internal organisation and to review the
working process
– creates the dialog between business directions
– cross direction collaboration (IT, Comm, business)
– changes the way to get and store data
13. Open data. Free or Fee?
William Gilles
Associate Professor at the Sorbonne Law school
Director of the Master of Digital Law (Public sector and Firms)
President of IMODEV
Email : william.gilles@imodev.org
14. If you question people about the free or paying access to
public data…
the majority are going to demand a free access and re-use
Poll For free as regards both For free as regards non-
585 requesters
commercial and non- commercial re-use?
commercial re-use?
agree strongly 30,43% 49,23%
agree 20,00% 17,26%
no opinion 9,06% 7,86%
disagree 16,75% 6,50%
disagree strongly 11,28% 7,86%
Source : UE, 2010
William Gilles – Email : william.gilles@imodev.org
Issy-les-Moulineaux – 5th October 2012
15. … and a majority is hostile to fees
…. except if re-users are charged at marginal cost.
Charges based on Charges based on full cost Charges based Charging at marginal
Poll full cost recovery, recovery? on partial cost costs for reproducing
585 requesters together with a recovery? and disseminating the
reasonable return documents?
on investment? (PSI 2003 reviewed)
(PSI 2003)
agree strongly 3,76% 3,25% 2,56% 12,82%
agree 6,32% 9,57% 12,99% 26,67%
no opinion 4,62% 5,30% 9,74% 10,26%
disagree 24,27% 31,11% 29,91% 19,49%
disagree strongly 46,84% 35,90% 27,52% 16,58%
Source : UE, 2010
William Gilles – Email : william.gilles@imodev.org
Issy-les-Moulineaux – 5th October 2012
16. Beyond the poll…
Reality is much more complex
William Gilles – Email : william.gilles@imodev.org
Issy-les-Moulineaux – 5th October 2012
17. 3 Questions on the Possibility of Charging or Not the Access
and the Re-use of the Public Sector Information
• What?
– The Concepts?
• Open Data, Public Sector Information, Free Access, Fee Access, Open
Access
– The Scope ?
• What data are concerned?
• Why?
– The Reasons
• Why might you have a Free or a Fee Access and Re-Use of Public
Sector Information?
• How?
– The modalities
• If local governments choose a Fee or a Free Access and Re-Use, how
can do develop their open data policy.
William Gilles – Email : william.gilles@imodev.org
Issy-les-Moulineaux – 5th October 2012
18. What? The concepts. The scope
What legal framework?
If we make something free or charged,
• What does it concern ?
• And what is the legal framework ?
– Local governements will be allowed to make money with their
data only if they have the right to do that!
Indeed, this conference treats with Open Data
• But there is no « Open Data Legal Framework » itself.
• However we can refer to the Public Sector Information
(PSI) Directive of 2003… and to its transposition at national
level
– i.e. : ord. 6 june 2005 (France)
William Gilles – Email : william.gilles@imodev.org
Issy-les-Moulineaux – 5th October 2012
19. What?
There is no one data, but several data.
When we wonder about the possibility to charge the access
or re-use of data, we should make a distinction between :
– “Public Sector Information”
The PSI directive deals with the concept of “information”, not with
data.
• Data are part of information
• but information are more than a simple data :
– “Information corresponds to a set of contextualised and structured
data, the producer’s intention being to make them meaningful”. Cf. J. Pénin (coord.), BETA
– “Raw Data” ≠ Structured, contextualised or commented
data
– Good Quality Data ≠ without quality data
– Formatted data ≠ Unformatted data
William Gilles – Email : william.gilles@imodev.org
Issy-les-Moulineaux – 5th October 2012
20. What?
Open data, access and re-use.
• We should also make a distinction between
Open Data, Access and Re-Use
– Access is not the re-use of data
– Free access or re-use is not synonym to “open
access or re-use”
– A paid access or re-use does not give all rights to
the one who accepts to pay
William Gilles – Email : william.gilles@imodev.org
Issy-les-Moulineaux – 5th October 2012
21. 4 extreme models
Free Fee
Access or Re-Use 1 2
without conditions
Access or Re-Use 3 4
with conditions
– Free access and re-use without (real) conditions for the re-use
• apparently the most favorable model for re-users
– Free access or re-use with conditions for the re-use
• the re-user has to respect more or less strong condition in the license
– Access or re-use with Fee and conditions for the re-use
• the re-user has to pay but should also respect more or less strong conditions in
the license
– Access and re-use without fee and without (real) conditions for the re-
use:
• the re-user will have more rights for the re-using because he/she has accepted
to pay (even selling of public data that have already been bought)
William Gilles – Email : william.gilles@imodev.org
Issy-les-Moulineaux – 5th October 2012
22. 4 extreme models
with intermediate models…
FREE FEE
… Because
there is no Free policy can be Fees can be calculated
promoted
one but
as regards non- on full cost recovery (no)
several commercial re-
possibilities use on partial cost recovery (no)
to charge or as regards both on full cost recovery, together with a reasonable
not the cost commercial and return on investment (PSI 2003)
of public non-commercial at marginal costs for reproducing and
data. re-use disseminating the documents (Next PSI
Directive)
William Gilles – Email : william.gilles@imodev.org
Issy-les-Moulineaux – 5th October 2012
23. Another distinction is the difference between Data
concerned by the 2003 PSI Directive # Data excluded from
this scope
• Data concerned by the 2003 PSI Directive:
– Private ≠ Public data corresponds to all the information produced, collected
or paid by public bodies.
• For instance: geographical data, statistics, meteorological data, data from publicly
funded research projects, and digitalized books from libraries
• But the scope of the current Directive (of 2003) is restricted.
– Data excluded from the scope of the PSI Directive of 2003 are ruled by the
common law (copyright) :
• Bodies of industrial or commercial character, e.g. public transport authorities;
• Educational and research establishments,
• Performing cultural institutions such as operas, ballets and theatres as well as public
service broadcasters, as there may be issues related to intellectual property rights.
• New possibilities should be offered with the review of the Directive :
• New bodies such as libraries (including university libraries), museums and archives
• Limitation of fees (marginal cost)
William Gilles – Email : william.gilles@imodev.org
Issy-les-Moulineaux – 5th October 2012
24. Why? The Reasons : Free or Fees?
• Why should we have a Free Access and Re-Use of
Public Sector Information?
– No doubt to make a Free Access.
• According to me, the question of Fee concerns only the re-
use of data, not the access.
• Transparency
– Question is about the re-use even in if this case, the
free re-use should be the rule according to advantages
• Development of the economy
• New public services
William Gilles – Email : william.gilles@imodev.org
Issy-les-Moulineaux – 5th October 2012
25. Why? The Reasons : Free of Fees?
• Why might we have a re-use of Public Sector
Information with fees?
– Nothing is free !
• Better to say : re-use without fees
• To say that it has already been paid by taxes is not a
good argument.
• Possibility for local government to earn money and
optimize their intangible assets
– But fee can also have disadvantage and be a
barrier to the development of the digital economy
William Gilles – Email : william.gilles@imodev.org
Issy-les-Moulineaux – 5th October 2012
26. How? Modalities of Data Access and Re-
use: Free or Fees?
Several questions about the modalities:
– Is the open data policy opposite to the optimization and
the valuation of the public data?
• Small and medium local governments can have some difficulties to
support the cost of the open data policy
• The more local government will participate in this policy, the more
the open data revolution will be important.
• Charging the cost of data (at marginal cost) can be a way to
encourage local government to open their data (at least at the
beginning).
– If there are fees, how could we do to prevent barriers in
the deployment of the open data policy?
• When it is not free, charging at marginal costs seems to be the
future in order to discourage government to fix prohibitive fees.
William Gilles – Email : william.gilles@imodev.org
Issy-les-Moulineaux – 5th October 2012
27. Another question is also who?
We should make a distinction between Re-Users:
For instance: Non-profit re-user ≠ Profit re-users / Commercial re-
users ≠ Non commercial re-users
A distinction between big enterprises and small and medium-size
enterprises seems more complicated
We should make a distinction between local governments and
central governments
USA : Federal level : free ≠ Local governments can charge the cost
We should make a distinction between data:
Somme data have more value than others.
The economic sector is sometime ready to pay a high price for these
data.
Therefore, why refusing in that case this money?
William Gilles – Email : william.gilles@imodev.org
Issy-les-Moulineaux – 5th October 2012
28. In conclusion
• So, there is no unique rule but several
possibilities which depend on circumstances.
• It is possible to envisage complex solutions
combining, according to situations,:
– Free access,
– Fees,
– And also alternative solutions such as imposing to
the re-user counterparties in exchange for the
provision of public data.
29. What is the platform we could use to
host our open data?
Bruno Pinna
Director Cloud Computing, Bull
Email : bruno.pinna@bull.net
30.
31. How to achieve interoperability?
Evangelos Argyzoudis
ICT Expert, Intrasoft (Luxemburg)
Email : evangelos.argyzoudis@intrasoft-intl.com
32. Outline
• Vision for interoperability
• Problem statement
• Challenges and solutions
• The Citadel On the Move approach
33. Vision
• Improve public sector data interoperability
– Across member states
– Within member states
• European governments being open, flexible
and collaborative in their relations with
citizens and businesses (Malmö Vision)
• Common architecture (Citadel statement, ISA
– EIA action)
34. Problem statement
• EU Directive on re-use of PSI
– 27 Member States implement the directive
– A lot of data published by public authorities
• But...
– In what format?
– No real focus on access to citizens or businesses
– Interoperability (nationally or internationally) not
yet a core consideration
35. Problem statement
Tasks Distribution
Pricing and
Availability
Data
Policy Makers
Providers
Direction and
Regulation
Innovation Scope and Impact and Adaptation, Access and
Conditions Requirements Specialisation Acquisition
Social Technological
Productisation
Business/ Servification
Application
Citizen
Developers
Communities Data and
Purpose
Utilisation
Dr. Franscesco Molinari (Alfamicro)
36. Challenges & Solutions
• Semantic
– Lack of (common) semantics
– Common data/meta-data models
– Core vocabularies
– CITADEL, ENGAGE
• Technological
– Ways to upload, download, maintain datasets exist
– Ways to search, link, visualise, use in applications also exist
– Infrastructures
– Semantic Web “stack” of standard technologies
– Joinup platform, ISA programme, LOD2, CITADEL
• Legal/policy
– Licensing
– Contractual and intellectual property rights associated with the data
– LAPSI project, ISA programme, ePractice.eu, +Spaces, WeGov, CITADEL
37. Challenges & Solutions
• Privacy
– Personal, health, financial data, national security etc
– epSOS
• Language
– eGovernment services provided internationally poses challenges
– CITADEL, ENGAGE
• Data Quality, Evolution, Provenance
– Is the data we find of appropriate quality? Has it changed and how?
Who owns it?
– DIACHRON
• Financial
– Cost of publishing data in a way which facilitates interoperability
– What happens to data which has already been published?
38. Within the context of
Citadel... On the Move
• CITADEL will provide:
– application templates to facilitate apps/services
development by citizens (non-professional developers)
– a repository of data and tools to facilitate finding and
retrieving the right data (Open Data Commons, Citadel
Hub)
• Will create communities of citizen developers
• Will use (at first) existing datasets published by PAs in
Athens, Manchester, Issy, Ghent
• An application created in Issy must be re-usable in
Ghent
39. Within the context of
Citadel... On the Move
Application Scenarios in Pilot Cities
Template Template Template Template
Semantic
1 2 3 ...n
Patterns
Open Data Commons API
?
Query
Plug
Recording Data
Dump API
Dataset Dataset Dataset Dataset Dataset
1 2 3 4 ...n
TXT, CSV, IoT Feeds, XML, KML, RDF, JPG, INSPIRE, MP3, SQL, NoSQL...
Borderless eGovernment services for EuropeansBetter eGovernment servicesISA – Interoperability Solutions for European Public AdministrationsEIA – European Interoperability ArchitectureAll this is accompanied by EU directives and actions for PSI re-use
No real focus on access to citizens or businesses -> Lack of tools, guidelines, consultation on business models
The actual meaning of the data itselfCommon data models and meta-data models are neededENGAGE – eInfrastructure for PSI curation etc.Data interchange, querying, defining rulesLAPSI – Legal Aspects of Public Sector InformationThe LAPSI project intends to build a network apt to become the main European point of reference for high-level policy discussions and strategic action on all legal issues related to the access and the re-use of the PSI, namely in the digital environment.PositiveSpaces (+Spaces)Was a research project aiming at real-world-policy – making in popular online communities. Modelling real-world behaviour. Engage citizens from different online communities by utilizing these virtual spaces for assisting policy makers in reaching out and gaining insight from the citizens about their opinions and potential acceptance of new policies.
epSOS attempts to offer seamless healthcare to European citizens. Key goals are to improve the quality and safety of healthcare for citizens when travelling to another European country. Moreover, it concentrates on developing a practical eHealth framework and ICT infrastructure that enables secure access to patient health information among different European healthcare systems.Language:Translation mechanisms, language is inherent in the meta-data model used for datasets.Interoperability and provenance: more systems are using varied sources and multiple information manipulation engines, thus increasing interoperability requirements Financial: The level of effort required to make data connectable post-hoc is significant – frequently unbearable
Existing “standards”, models, vocabularies, APIs in the ODC (e.g. For the representation of PoI, Transportation information etc) updated as they become available.Mapping between existing datasets and the standardsInteroperability doesn’t necessarily have to start top-to-bottom. Bottom-up initiatives can contribute to the realisation of interoperable European eGovernment.