The document compares solar trough and CLFR systems across various metrics. Solar trough systems require more land area per megawatt hour generated and have higher costs due to higher fluid friction losses, tracking power needs, universal joint leakage, and receiver thermal shock and cracking issues. CLFR systems have lower land area needs, costs, maintenance requirements, and pressure needs while allowing schedule operation and modular design. Both systems provide direct steam and thermal storage but CLFR does not require steam pressure storage.

1. Comparison Between Solar Trough and CLFR
Solar Trough CLFRTH
Land Area / Megawatt Solar Hour 5 hrs 12 Rais 8 Rais
19,200 Sq.m. 12,800 Sq.m.
Direct Normal Insolation W/m2 500‐1000 500‐1000
Solar Receiver Multi Tube Linear Tube
Solar Receiver Tube High Price Low Price
Fluid Friction Losses Very High Low
Tracking Power High Low
Universal Joint Leakage Yes No
Receiver Thermal Shock Yes No
Receiver Crack due to Rain Yes No
Receiver Crack due to Bending Moment Yes No
Insulator Cost High Low
Turbine Super Heated Saturated
High Pressure Low Pressure
Steam Engine Not Plausible Plausible
Low Pressure
Operation Cost High Low
Maintenance Cost High Low
Engineering On Site Senior Junior
Steam Quality High Low
Direct Steam Yes Yes
Thermal Storage Yes Yes
Steam Pressure Storage Yes No
Operate 24 hrs on Pure Solar Yes Yes
System Schedule Operation No Yes
System Schedule Maintenance No Yes
Modular System No Yes
Engine and Generator Back Up No Yes
Back up Burner Yes Yes
Synchronize System High Price Not Required
Reflector Mirror 1 mm Mirror 2‐3 mm
Transformer Solar Type Solar Type
Overall Efficiency 10‐20 10‐20