This document provides information about comparison, contrast, and compare and contrast structures in writing. It defines comparison as examining similarities and differences between two or more items. Contrast is defined as showing how things differ, such as opposite qualities. The document gives examples of comparison and contrast in sentences. It also discusses using qualifying expressions like "much more" to indicate varying degrees of similarity or difference. Finally, it defines compare and contrast essays as academic writing that looks at how multiple subjects are similar or different according to selected criteria.

1. COMPARISON and
CONTRAST
SIGNAL WORDS

2. Comparison
a consideration or estimate of the similarities or
dissimilarities between two things or people.
"they drew a comparison between Gandhi's teaching
and that of other teachers“ , in grammar comparison
is the formation of the comparative and superlative
form of adjective and adverb

3. Definition of comparison
1: the act or process of comparing: such as
a: the representing of one thing or person as similar to or like
another
# His poetry invites comparison with the poems of Robert Frost.
b: an examination of two or more items to establish similarities and
dissimilarities
# His faults seem minor by comparison.
# a comparison of the sports cars
2: identity of features : SIMILARITY
several points of comparison between the two
3: the modification of an adjective or adverb to denote different
levels of quality, quantity, or relation

4. Examples of comparison in a Sentence
# a comparison of the data from the two studies
# the comparison of monkeys to humans
# I don't think comparisons of her situation and mine are
appropriate

5. Using qualifying expressions
You can vary the strength of the comparison by using “qualifying”
expressions.
1. Comparing two things
You can use “a lot”, “much”, “a little”, “slightly” and “far” before
“more / less than”:
“She’s a lot more intelligent than him.”
“This car is much faster than the other one.”
“They are much less wealthy than they used to be.”
“He’s a little taller than his sister.”
“She’s slightly less interested in football than him.
“We are far more involved in charity than they are.”

6. 2. Saying how two things are similar
You can use “almost as … as”, “not quite as … as”, “(not) nearly
as … as”, “nowhere near as … as”, “twice as … as” and “half as …
as” to change the extent of the similarity.
“She’s almost as good as you!”
“He’s not quite as confident as Susie.”
“I’m not nearly as intelligent as her!”
“This painting is nowhere near as famous as the first.”
“She’s twice as old as him!

7. Contrast
The verb contrast means to show a difference, like photos that
reveal how much weight someone lost by contrasting the "before"
and "after" shots
Contrast is also a noun meaning basically the same thing — you
might notice the contrast of a dark tree against a snow-covered
hill. Contrast often means “opposite”: for example, black is the
opposite of white, and so there’s a contrast between black ink and
white paper. But contrast can also happen when the two things are
just very different. For example, cats and dogs are definitely a
contrast, but they’re not opposites.

8. Examples of Contrast
Example 1
Movie posters use visual contrast all the time. They’re
especially known for using blue-and-orange contrast – in fact,
so many posters use this technique that it’s become a cliché!
Example 2
All the characters in The Simpsons are full of contrast, but
Homer and Lisa are particularly striking. Notice how there
are several different kinds of contrast here, including social,
personal, and visual! This will be true of most of our
examples.

9. Compare & Contrast
How things are similar or different
Compare and contrast is a common form of academic writing,
either as an essay type on its own, or as part of a larger essay which
includes one or more paragraphs which compare or contrast. This
page gives information on what a compare and contrast essay is,
how to structure this type of essay, how to use compare and
contrast structure words, and how to make sure you use
appropriate criteria for comparison/contrast. There is also an
example compare and contrast essay on the topic of
communication technology, as well as some exercises to help you
practice this area.

10. Thank you