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Comparatives superlatives
- 1. COMPARATIVES & SUPERLATIVES For questions 1 and 2, underline the sentence (A-B) which has the same meaning. 1 The musical was more entertaining than the film. A The film wasn't as entertaining as the musical. B The musical wasn't as entertaining as the film. 2 The film wasn't as amusing as the book. A The film was more amusing than the book. B The book was more amusing than the film.
- 2. COMPARATIVES & SUPERLATIVES: ADJECTIVES STRUCTURES: COMPARATIVES adjective-er + than = She is taller than me (1) (*) more + adjective + than = She is more intelligent than me _________________________________________________________ as + adjective + as = She is as tall as me not as/so + adjective + as = She isn’t as/so tall as me _________________________________________________________ less + adjective + than = I am less intelligent than her. ======================================================= SUPERLATIVES (1) (*) the + adjective-est + (of/in) = She is the tallest in the class the most + adjective + (of/in) = She is the most intelligent of all
- 3. COMPARATIVES & SUPERLATIVES: ADJECTIVES STRUCTURES: COMPARATIVES / SUPERLATIVES * One-syllable adjectives form their comparative and superlative by adding er and est to the positive form: - bright brighter brightest - new newer newest * Adjectives of three or more syllables form their comparative and superlative by putting more and most before the positive: - expensive more expensive most expensive - interesting more interesting most interesting * Adjectives of two syllables follow one or other of the above rules. Those ending in er, y, or ly add er, est: - clever cleverer cleverest - easy easier easiest - holy holier holiest
- 4. * COMPARATIVES & SUPERLATIVES: ADJECTIVES STRUCTURES: COMPARATIVES / SUPERLATIVES * Irregular comparisons: (Adjective) (Comparative) (Superlative) - good better best - bad worse worst - little less least - many more most - much
- 5. * COMPARATIVES & SUPERLATIVES: ADVERBS STRUCTURES: COMPARATIVES * With adverbs of two or more syllables the comparative is formed by putting more before the adverb, and the superlative by putting most before the adverb: - quickly more quickly most quickly - fortunately more fortunately most fortunately * Single-syllable adverbs, however, and the adverb early, add er and est: - hard harder hardest - fast faster fastest - early earlier earliest * Irregular comparisons: - well better best - badly worse worst - late later last - little less least - much more most
- 6. * COMPARATIVES & SUPERLATIVES: SOME SPECIAL STRUCTURES _1 STRUCTURES: * After comparatives we use than. - Jill is more intelligent than Alec. - Peter works harder than John. - It's cheaper to go by car than to go by train. * Before the comparative of adjectives and adverbs you can use: a bit / a little / much / a lot / far / a good deal - Let's go by car. It's much (or a lot) cheaper. - Could you speak a little (or a bit) more slowly? - Her illness was far more serious than we at first thought * not so/as .......... as ....... - Jack isn't as old as he looks. (= He looks older than he is). - The city centre wasn't as crowded this morning as it usually is. (= it is usually more crowded). - Jim didn't do as well in his examination as he had hoped. (= he had hoped to do better)
- 7. COMPARATIVES & SUPERLATIVES: SOME SPECIAL STRUCTURES -2 STRUCTURES: * as .................... as .............. - I'm sorry I'm late. I got here as fast as I could. - There's plenty of food, so eat as much as you like. - Can you send me the money as soon as possible, please? * We also say twice as ..... as, three times as ..... as, etc. - Petrol is twice as expensive as it was a few years ago. - Their house is about three times as big as ours. * We say the same as (not 'the same like') - Ann's salary is the same as mine. (or 'Ann gets the same salary as me') - Tom is the same age as George.
- 8. Complete the secondsentence so that it means the same as the first. My new computer is faster than my oId one. My oId computer isn't _as fast__ as my new one. My new computer is the same size as my oId computer. as My new computer is as big _________my oId computer. My oId computer was more expensive than my new computer. as expensive as My new computer wasn't _______________my computer My oId computer isn't as exciting as my new computer. exciting than My new computer is more _______________my oId computer. My new computer weighs the same as my oId computer. My new computer is as ____________ my oId computer. heavy as
- 9. Look at theseways of making Complete these sentences so that comparisons. Complete each they mean the same as the ones on sentence with the correct word. the left-hand side 1 My new music teacher is friendlier 1 My previous music teacher was than ________ my last one. less friendly than _________________ my new one. 2 I can't go to the cinema 2 I love going to the cinema. I wish I as often as ____________ I'd like to. more could go _________ often. 3 The film about the robbery wasn't 3 The book about the robbery was as / so as _________ exciting ______ the more exciting than _____________________ the film. book. 4 less Paul's new motorbike was _____ 4 My motorbike was than expensive ______ mine because it more expensive than ________________________ Paul's has a smaller engine. because it has a bigger engine. 5 She doesn't like Chinese food as much _______ as I do. 5 I like Chinese food more than ____________she does.
- 10. Use the comparativeform of the adjectives in brackets to write sentences about the pairs of things below. 1 Cardiff I London (not big) • Cardiff isn’t as big as London ______________________________ 2 a drum I a flute (loud) • A drum is louder than a flute. ______________________________ 3 Cairo I Paris (hot) • Cairo is hotter than Paris ______________________________ 4 golf I skiing (not dangerous) • Golf isn’t as dangerous as skiing ______________________________ 5 a helicopter I an aeroplane (not fast) • A helicopter isn’t as fast as an aeroplane ______________________________ 6 a bicycle I a motorbike (cheap) • A bicycle is cheaper than a motorbike ______________________________ 7 snow I rain (cold) • Snow is colder than rain ______________________________ 8 a lion I a giraffe / (not tall) • A lion isn’t as tall as a giraffe ______________________________
- 11. Use the superlativeform of the adjectives in brackets to write sentences about these things. 1 Cardiff I London / Edinburgh (big) • London is the biggest ______________________________ 2 a drum I a flute / a violin (loud) • A drum is the loudest ______________________________ 3 Cairo I Paris / Milan (hot) • ______________________________ Cairo is the hottest 4 golf I skiing / cycling (dangerous) • Skiing is the most dangerous ______________________________ 5 a helicopter I an aeroplane / a bus (fast) • An aeroplane is the fastest ______________________________ 6 a bicycle I a motorbike / a car (cheap) • A bicycle is the cheapest ______________________________ 7 snow I rain / sun (cold) • Snow is the coldest ______________________________ 8 a lion I a giraffe / a tiger (tall) • ______________________________ A giraffe is the tallest
- 12. Complete the secondsentence so that it means the same as the first, using no more than three words. 0 The paintings in this room are more famous than the others in the gallery. • The paintings in this room are the most famous in the gallery. 1 Tomorrow will be sunnier than the rest of the week. • Tomorrow will be ______________ day this week. the sunniest 2 The hotel on the cliff has the best view in the town. • The hotel on the cliff has a __________ view than the other better hotels in the town. 3 My brother is taller than the other children in his class. • My brother is ______________ child in his class. the tallest 4 Football is more popular than other sports at my school. • Football is _________________sport at my school. the most popular