Assignment 1

1. M O N O G R A P HM O N O G R A P H
Yash Bhutada, Togo Kida, Elisa Ngan
STU1232ResearchProposal
Mobilization of intergenerational knowledge

2. The advantage of a bad memory
is that one enjoys several times
the same good things
for the first time.
“- Friedrich Nietzsche
Unknown

3. Unfortunately,

4. Unfortunately,
forgetfulness is not a joke.

5. One in nine Americans over the age of
45 have reported memory decline.
https://siarchives.si.edu/collections/siris_sic_8787
1
2
3
4 5
6789

6. Persons with dementia will almost
double every 20 years
75 million in 2030

7. Persons with dementia will almost
double every 20 years
131.5 million in 2050

8. How might we...?

9. M O N O G R A P HM O N O G R A P H
MichaelJang
Flaskbak
Unknown
Unknown
TheIndianMemoryProject

10. state of research
MEMORY 101

11. SENSORY PROCESSING
SENSORY
INPUT
SENSORY
MEMORY
LOST LOST
SHORT-TERM
MEMORY
LONG-TERM
MEMORY
transferred transferred
stored
rehearsed
forgotten

12. SENSORY PROCESSING
SENSORY
INPUT
SENSORY
MEMORY
LOST LOST
SHORT-TERM
MEMORY
transferred transferred
stored
rehearsed
forgotten
LONG-TERM
MEMORY

13. MEMORY HIERARCHY
EXPLICIT
EPISODIC
hippocampus
under debate
under debate
amygdala
SEMANTIC
PROCEDURAL
EMOTIONAL
IMPLICIT
LONG-TERM
MEMORY
temporal lobe
Medicina Pastoralis, Ioseph Antonelli

14. MEMORY HIERARCHY
EXPLICIT
EPISODIC
hippocampus
under debate
under debate
amygdala
SEMANTIC
PROCEDURAL
EMOTIONAL
IMPLICIT
LONG-TERM
MEMORY
temporal lobe
?
?
?
?
Medicina Pastoralis, Ioseph Antonelli

15. PREVENTATIVE
EXERCISES
PSYCHOPHARMA.
MEDICATION
second line of defense
BEHAVIORAL
MANAGEMENT
INDIVIDUAL
GROUP
THERAPY
COMMUNITY-BASED
CARE PROGRAMS
AGING, AGEISM,
MEDICAL MODEL
irst line of defense
RELATIONAL
COMMUNAL
SOCIETAL
TREATMENT EVALUATION
Lack of reliability, validity,
and/or generalizability in research
and treatments
Greater effectiveness for caretakers
and persons with dementia

16. What if we leveraged lost memories
to understand memory loss?

17. M O N O G R A P HM O N O G R A P H
MichaelJang
Flaskbak
Unknown
Unknown
TheIndianMemoryProject

18. Researcher
Researcher
Researcher
Researcher
Product
MVP
Person
with Dementia
1 Year
Caretaker
MONOGRAPH
a story collection tool
Data
Model
10 Year
SYSTEM DESIGN

19. PROJECT TIMELINE
Research planning
and initial execution
Research
Proposal
Research Planning
TODAY
02.19

20. PROJECT TIMELINE
Gather
requirements
for collecting
memories
Research planning
and initial execution
Research
Proposal
Design Research
Collect,
e ine
Research Planning
TODAY 6 MONTHS
Design
Reqs
02.19 08.19

21. PROJECT TIMELINE
Gather
requirements
for collecting
memories
Research planning
and initial execution
Research
Proposal
Develop memory
collection tool
DevelopmentDesign Research
Collect,
e ine
Research Planning
Testing,
e ine
TODAY 6 MONTHS 1 YEAR
Design
Reqs
Product
MVP
02.19 08.19 02.20
$50,000 Funding

22. Gather
requirements
for collecting
memories
Research planning
and initial execution
Research
Proposal
Develop memory
collection tool
DevelopmentDesign Research
Collect,
e ine
Collect,
Categorize,
Analyze
Research Planning
Proposal Goals
Build unified
memory subtype
taxonomy
Record memory
loss and analyze
sequence of loss
Testing,
e ine
TODAY 6 MONTHS 1 YEAR 10 YEAR
Design
Reqs
Product
MVP
Memory
Model
02.19 08.19 02.20 02.29
$50,000 Funding
PROJECT TIMELINE

23. BEHAVIOR BIG DATA
RESEARCH DESIGN STRATEGYREQUIREMENTS
GATHERING
TOTAL SKILLS
& DOMAIN EXPERTISE

24. IMPACT
Mobility of intergenerational
knowledge between caregivers
and persons with dementia
Unique, large, methodically
gathered, processed,
anonymized, unified dataset
Analytics on memory subtypes
and descriptive statistics
Recalibrate relationship
between person with dementia
and caregiver
Changed perception of aging
Expanded research frontier
with memory model and
learnings from loss sequencing
Short Term: Medium Term: Long Term:
MONOGRAPH
PRODUCT
MONOGRAPH
MODEL

25. T H A N K Y O U When you want a whole cake to
yourself because you’re turning 30,
which is basically 50,
which is basically dead.
- Postmates Ad, 2018

26. OUR FINDINGS
● Grandchildren are indeed interested in their grandparent’s world; grandchildren are not
seeking guidance but rather want insight from their grandparents' perspective on the world and the
past.
● Grandchildren believe generational differences are meaningful to explore. When comparing
themselves to their grandparents, they realize they are completely different people, living in
different times, living in different places. This raises a possible question to explore, “What
similarities do grandparents have to their grandchildren?”
● Language is a common barrier to understanding their world. Considering language and
translations will be an important part of our tool design.
● Grandchildren seem to react to aging in different ways, some being motivated to engage or others
withdrawing from feeling interactions as burdensome. Though additional research will need to be
conducted, this potential takeaway begs many questions. For example, could an intervention that
enables more meaningful conversation change grandchildren’s perspectives or reactions to
grandparents? Is it possible to have mutually beneficial conversations when one party has
previously withdrawn?

29. behavioral research
vulnerable communities, contextual inquiry, interviewing,
qualitative coding
product development & data
requirements gathering, design strategy, interface design, prototyping, development, data engineering, testing

30. 2018 ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE FACTS AND FIGURES
Alzheimer’s Association. 2018.

31. WORLD ALZHEIMER
REPORT 2015
Alzheimer’s Disease
International. 2015.

32. Market Analysis:
[Size]
● According to Alzheimer’s Disease International, there were an estimated 46.8 million people
worldwide living with dementia as of 2015.
● This number is believed to be close to 50 million people in 2017.
[Growth Rate]
● This number will almost double every 20 years, reaching 75 million in 2030 and 131.5 million in
2050.
[Cost]
● The estimated lifetime cost of care for an individual living with dementia is $341,840.

33. 1. “Costs are estimated at the country level and then aggregated in various combinations to summarise
worldwide cost, cost by Global Burden of Disease world region, cost by World Bank country income level,
and cost for G7 and G20 countries.”
2. “For each country, we have estimated cost per person (per capita), which is then multiplied by the number
of people estimated to be living with dementia in that country. Per capita costs are divided into three cost
sub-categories: direct medical costs, direct social care costs (paid and professional home care, and
residential and nursing home care) and costs of informal (unpaid) care. Informal care is valued using an
opportunity cost approach, valuing hours of informal care by the average wage for each country.”
WORLD ALZHEIMER REPORT 2015
Alzheimer’s Disease International. 2015.

34. Today 10years1year
Collection
Process 1
Collection
Process 2
Collection
Process3
ToolCollectionDevelopmentMemoryCollection
∽∽
6 months
Interview
Process 1
Interview
Process 2
Interview
Process 3
Review
ReviewRevision
Revision Review
3 months
UX
Research
Design
Iteration 1
Implementation
UX
Testing
Design
Iteration 2
Design
Iteration 3
QA
DesignResearch
Iteration
1
Iteration
2
Iteration
3
UX
Planning
Design
Developm
ent
Iteration
1
Iteration
2
Iteration
3
Additional Grant Period50,000USD Grant Period
MVP

35. Additional Questions Over One Year / Timeline Information
● What conversations would grandparents like to have with their grandchildren.
● What conversations would grandchildren like to have with grandparents (across living circumstances
& and across cultures)
○ Do living circumstances affect desired conversations or existing gaps?
○ Do intercultural differences inform variations in conversation types?
● What story collection methods are effective? [will involve prototype testing]
○ Effectiveness will depend on satisfaction for grandchildren
○ Effectiveness will depend on satisfaction and therapeutic benefits for grandparents
● How can story collection and information be coded and systematized?
These questions will be modified over the course of the one-year to inform the creation of an effective story
collection tool.

36. Methods to Use Across One Year
● Contextual inquiries
● Observational research across settings
● Field interviews
● Prototype building & testing
○ Usability
○ Satisfaction
○ Effectiveness
● Requirements gathering for collection tool
● Pattern analysis of data
These questions will be modified over the course of the one-year to inform the creation of an effective story
collection tool.

37. Current State of the Research:
● A review of effective memory loss interventions for Alzheimer’s Disease includes everything from
Omega 3 fatty acids to musical therapy to pharmacologic drugs.
● At the same time, there have also been arguments against the effectiveness of Omega 3 fatty
acids, musical therapy, and pharmacologic drugs which cites placebo effects, methodological
problems, creation of adverse effects, and narrowness of treatment (for example, treating psychosis
but not behavior) as reasons against their reliability, validity, and generalizability.
● The lack of internal consistency in claims points to difficulty in determining whether memory loss is
a root cause or a surface symptom in dementia.
The current research shows very small resources regarding what
kind of memories are lost, and in what order they are lost.

38. Why this approach:
● Reminiscence and orientation therapy
○ Neural basis of self-orientation helping cognition
● Intergenerational
○ Research demonstrates benefits and positive associations for both older and younger
generations during facilitated storytelling sessions
The current research shows promise of reminiscence therapy and the intergenerational benefits of
storytelling.

39. Gaps in existing storytelling collection tools
● We need an intergenerational storytelling tool that is mutually beneficial
● It must qualify as beneficial for reminiscence therapy, and provide satisfaction for both the caregiver
and the patient
● Though visual memories can be used to stimulate storytelling, the mode of collection must be able
to codify stories for the purpose of creating a systematic approach to sequencing