The document discusses cohesive devices, which are words or phrases that link ideas, sentences, and paragraphs together. Some examples of cohesive devices provided are transition words like "furthermore" and "additionally", and conjunctions like "and", "but", and "because". The document explains that cohesive devices show the relationship between different parts of a text to help the reader understand how the ideas connect.

1. COHESIVE
DEVICES

2. WHAT ARE COHISIVE DEVICES?
• THE WORDS OR EXPRESSIONS THAT ARE USED
TO JOIN TWO IDEAS OR TWO PARTS OF A
SENTENCE OR TWO DIFFERENT SENTENCES OR A
NUMBER OF SENTENCES IN A PARAGRAPH
THEMATICALLY AND MEANINGFULLY ARE
CALLED COHESIVE DEVICES. THEY ARE
OTHERWISE KNOWN AS CONNECTIVES OR
LINKING WORDS IN ENGLISH GRAMMAR.

3. PRELIMINARY ACTIVITY
1. READ THE FOLLOWING GROUP OF SENTENCES BELOW. TRY TO GET THE THOUGHT
THAT IT IMPLIES.
A) BY 5:45 A.M., WHEN POWER WAS RESTORED, THE DYING FIRES AND SLEEPING BODIES
HUDDLED AROUND THE FIREPLACES ALL OVER TOWN RESEMBLED PIONEER
ENCAMPMENTS.
B) NOTHING RELIEVES THE MONOTONY OF DAILY ROUTINE LIKE AN UNEXPECTED
INCIDENT OR ADVENTURE.
C) THE “GREAT BLACKOUT”, AS WE CALLED IT, WAS SUCH AN EVENT.
D) WHEN THE LIGHTNING STRUCK A MAIN POWER LINE AT 6:32 P.M., ALL POWER
STOPPED ABRUPTLY.
E) THE ADVENTURE BEGAN WHEN THE STORM BLASTED THROUGH THE AREA AND THE
LIGHTS FLICKERED.
F) THE GREAT BLACKOUT WAS A NIGHT TO REMEMBER.

4. •2. NOW, ON A SEPARATE PAPER ARRANGE
THOSE JUMBLED SENTENCES TO FORM AN
ORGANIZE PARAGRAPH.
•3. AFTER YOU ARRANGED AND LINKED THE
SENTENCES INTO A PARAGRAPH, CAN YOU
NOW CLEARLY GET THE THOUGHT?

5. LEARNING TASK 1: CHOOSE THE LETTER OF THE
WORD THAT CORRECTLY IDENTIFIES THE
APPROPRIATE
TRANSITION WORD OR PHRASE. THEN UNDERLINE
THE KIND OF TRANSITION YOU HAVE USED.
1. JAKE IS POOR; _________________, HE DOES NOT RESORT TO
BEGGING TO SURVIVE
A. DESPITE B. HOWEVER C. BECAUSE D.
THEREFORE
(CONTRAST, CONCLUSION, TIME, REASON)
2. MANY STUDENTS COMPLAINED THAT THE TEST WAS
DIFFICULT,___________ MANY STUDENTS MANAGED TO SCORE FULL
MARKS
A. YET B. BECAUSE C. SO D. EVEN

6. 3. THE STUDENTS RAN TO THE FIELD _________ THEY HEARD THAT
THERE WAS A NESCAFE TRUCK GIVING AWAY FREE ICE COLD COFFEE.
A. UNLESS B. DESPITE C. ALTHOUGH D. WHEN
(COMPARISON, TIME, SUMMARY, ORDER/SEQUENCE)
4.____________I DIDN'T LIKE TO SPEND TIME READING IN CLASS, BUT
I ENJOY IT NOW.
A. INITIALLY B. EVENTUALLY C. NEXT D.
OVERALL
(ADDITION, SEQUENCE, RESULT, EXAMPLE)
5. MY BROTHER IS MY BEST FRIEND. HE IS ALWAYS WILLING TO GO
THE EXTRA MILE TO HELP ME. ______, THE OTHER DAY HE HELPED
ME STUDY UNTIL 1:00 AM.
A. FURTHERMORE B. AS A RESULT C. FOR EXAMPLE
D. ADDITIONALLY

7. COHESIVE DEVICES
•COHESIVE DEVICES ARE SOMETIMES
CALLED LINKING WORDS, DISCOURSE
MARKERS OR TRANSITIONAL WORDS.
THEY ARE WORDS OR PHRASES THAT
SHOW THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN
IDEAS, SENTENCES, PARAGRAPHS OR
SECTIONS OF A TEXT.

8. A. JUST WALK STRAIGHT. OPPOSITE THE POST
OFFICE YOU WILL SEE THE LIBRARY.
B. FIRST BOIL THE WATER; THEN, POUR IT
OVER THE TEA BAG.
C. I WAS LATE TO WORK BECAUSE OF THE
HEAVY TRAFFIC.

9. •I AM NOT ABLE TO GO TO THE BEACH
WITH YOU. ___________, THANKS FOR
ASKING ME. (NEVERTHELESS, BECAUSE,
CERTAINLY, AFTER)

10. •IN ADDITION, CONJUNCTIONS ALSO
CONNECT IDEAS AND SENTENCES. LOOK AT
THE FOLLOWING CONJUNCTIONS AND
EXAMPLES OF SENTENCES USING THEM:

11. •A. COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS ALLOW
YOU TO JOIN WORDS, PHRASES, AND CLAUSES
OF EQUAL GRAMMATICAL RANK IN A
SENTENCE. THE MOST COMMON
COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS ARE FOR,
AND, NOR, BUT, OR, YET, AND SO; YOU CAN
REMEMBER THEM BY USING THE MNEMONIC
DEVICE FANBOYS.

12. • EXAMPLE:
● I’D LIKE PIZZA OR A SALAD FOR LUNCH.
● WE NEEDED A PLACE TO CONCENTRATE, SO
WE PACKED UP OUR THINGS AND WENT TO THE
LIBRARY.
● JESSE DIDN’T HAVE MUCH MONEY, BUT SHE
GOT BY.

13. B. CORRELATIVE CONJUNCTIONS ARE PAIRS OF
CONJUNCTIONS THAT WORK TOGETHER. SOME
EXAMPLES ARE EITHER/OR, NEITHER/NOR, AND
NOT ONLY/BUT ALSO.
EXAMPLE:
● NOT ONLY AM I FINISHED STUDYING FOR
ENGLISH, BUT I’M ALSO FINISHED WRITING MY
HISTORY ESSAY.

14. C. SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS JOIN INDEPENDENT
AND DEPENDENT CLAUSES. A SUBORDINATING
CONJUNCTION CAN SIGNAL A CAUSE-AND-EFFECT
RELATIONSHIP, A CONTRAST, OR SOME OTHER KIND OF
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE CLAUSES. COMMON
SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS ARE BECAUSE, SINCE, AS,
ALTHOUGH, THOUGH, WHILE, AND WHEREAS. SOMETIMES
AN ADVERB, SUCH AS UNTIL, AFTER, OR BEFORE CAN
FUNCTION AS A CONJUNCTION.
EXAMPLE:
● I CAN STAY OUT UNTIL THE CLOCK STRIKES TWELVE.

15. HERE IS A LIST OF COMMONLY USED
CONNECTIVES AND WHEN WE CAN USE THEM