2. What are codes and
conventions?
OIt is a technique, method or
aspect that is used in all
media forms
3. Purpose
O It allows the audience to become familiar
with a certain genre as they become
familiar to see certain things within a
music video.
O It ensures that a certain text works well
and fits into genre.
O It provides a structure that the audience
can understand.
O To ensure the lyrics of the song fit in with
the video of how the audience expect it to
be.
4. Types
O Technical.
O The way the equipment and technology are
used to construct meaning.
O Camera angles and shots
O Editing
O Sound
O Symbolic
O Meaning created beyond what is obvious to
see.
O Mise—en-scene
5. Camera shots and angles
O The way the camera is used when filming
for a music video is crucial.
O It can create different effects by the
different angles used and the camera
movement.
O Every music video uses a variety of
camera shots , angles and movements.
6. Camera shots and angles
O Crane shots
Often used in performance based videos to
show the character on stage or from above. This
is because the crane allows the camera to hover
above/around the stage/artist this allows a
variety of different angled shots to take place.
O Pans/tilts
These are often used to move between
characters or members of the band .It is also
used to show the location.
8. O Close ups
These are shots that are used to focus on one
area of a person or location often a person’s
face or a window. These often focus on the
performer while they are singing or showing
emotion. In narrative they are often used to
show emotion and expression.
O Tracking shots
These shots are mainly used in narrative
elements to follow a characters movements
across a location.
10. O High angle shots
This is done by placing the camera above
the artist looking down on the object. Often
used to create a feeling of weakness.
O Low angle shots
When the camera is placed below the artist
looking up at them making a feeling of
strength.
12. Editing
O The editing process in music videos takes
a lot of time and is a crucial part of music
videos. The lip synching definitely needs
to be edited so that the musicians look as
though they are actually singing the song
at the exact same time as the music
playing.
13. Common editing techniques
O Jump cut
O Footage which is used to match what is
said in the lyrics of the music .
O Split screens
O CGI effects to show impossible outcomes
such a super hero moves and flying.
15. Sound
O It is very essential as it can add extra
effects to the vocals and instruments
through post production.
O In some music videos the sound can be
faded or paused for an artistic effect.
O Diegetic sounds can be used either in the
beginning or the end of the video like
traffic or people talking which can help the
authenticity of the music video.
17. Mise-en-scene
O This is an important feature in pre-
production that sets the screen for the
genre of music and the performer.
O It includes
O Props
O Location
O Costumes
O Hair and Makeup
O Lighting
18. Props
O Props enhance the viewing experience by
making the music video seem more
eccentric or small things that are needed
to complete a set to a believable standard.
22. Costumes
O The costume is usually used to represent
certain characters in different ways.
O Different artists also wear different clothes
to represent what they are portraying in
the music video.
24. Hair and makeup
O The way an artist hair is done for a purpose it
shows the characters personality or to attract
the audience.
O It is important that the appearance of the
actor/artist is of good quality as they will be
viewed by the audience.
O Hair and makeup can be used in many
different ways for many different reasons.
O For example bold and bright makeup with big
hair can be used o show a person is fun
loving and glamorous making the artist stand
out.
26. Lighting
O Lightt6ing creates different views by the
way the scene is lit.
O It allows the audience to recognize the
genre and style of the music video.
O A bright light draws the viewers attention.
O Sometimes natural and artificial lights are
also used in the music video.
29. Jazz music videos
O Contains bright lights and are often
performance based on huge stages.
O Costumes include suits for men and
sophisticated dresses for women as well
as classy hairstyles and bright makeup.
O The overall view of these videos is to
portray sophistication and elegance.
30. Hip hop music video
O Use quite dark colors , simple settings and
portrayals of women to show their
sexuality which appeals to males
O The majority of hip hop music artists are
males.
31. R&b music videos.
O Similar to hip hop videos as they contain
simple settings and many show women
dressed in revealing clothes.
O These videos have an element to portray
wealth and power through the use of cars
and jewellery due to the costume and
setting.
32. Pop music videos
O Feature the use of bright colors , flashing
lights ,creative settings and backdrops.
O Appeals mainly too the younger audience
as many pop artists are young and
express themselves through the lyrics of
pop music as well as their costumes that
make the musicians look innocent and the
audience can relate themselves with the
musicians.
33. Rock music video
O Have dark colors throughout and use
simple settings.
O Many videos contain the use of music
equipment such as drums and guitars.
O There is a lot of emotion in the videos
through the characters and musicians
facial expressions and normally they do
not portray happiness as they relate the
lyrics and meaning of the song to the story
line and emotions.
