This document discusses agricultural meteorology and the factors that affect climate. It defines meteorology as the study of the atmosphere and weather. Various climate types are described based on solar radiation patterns, including tropical, temperate, sub-tropical, and polar. Additional climate types are defined based on geographical conditions, such as marine, coastal, continental, mountainous, desert, and monsoon. Finally, the document lists several factors that influence climate, including altitude, latitude, mountain positions, forests, land slopes, winds, and rainfall.

1. Agricultural Meteorology
SYED AFTAB WAJID
Department of Agronomy
University of Agriculture, Faisalabad

2. Meteorology
Interdisciplinary scientific study of the
atmosphere which explains and forecasts
weather events

3. Meteorology
Meteorology has application in many diverse
fields such as the agriculture, energy
production, transport, military, and
construction

4. Climate
the average and variations of weather in a
region over long periods of time

5. Weather
the set of all the phenomena in a given
atmosphere at a given time

7. Atmosphere
Atmosphere is a layer of gases surrounding a
planet (e.g earth)

8. Classification of Climate
• Based on Solar Radiation
• Based on Geographical Conditions

9. Based on Solar Radiation
• Tropical Climate
• Temperate Climate
• Sub-tropical Climate
• Polar Climate

10. Tropical Climate
• Length of day changes little during year
• Average monthly temperature changes little
• High rainfall, cloudy
• High humidity
• high organic matter

16. Temperate Climate
• Warm summer
• Long days
• Cold winter
• Long nights
• Snow , frost
• Heavy rains on coast and comparatively less
on inside

22. Sub-tropical Climate
Between tropics and subtropics

24. Polar Climate
• Climate on poles of earth
• Highest temperature less than 50 F
• Severe cold all along year
• Foggy and Snowy weather

27. Geographical Conditions
• Marine Climate
• Coastal Climate
• Continental Climate
• Mountainous Climate
• Desert Climate
• Monsoon Climate

28. Marine Climate
• Climate of sea
• Cloud and rainfall
• Little change in temperature and season

30. Coastal Climate
• Climate near coast of ocean
• Humid during day
• Winds blow during the day
• Season remain mild all along year

33. Mountainous Climate
• Climate found in hilly areas
• Low temperature and air pressure
• Air pure , clean and thin
• Heavy rains in summer
• Heavy snow in winter
• Summer is mild
• Freezing temperatures in winter

36. Desert Climate
• Extreme type of continental climate
(Deserts)
• High wind velocity
• Dusty
• High temperatures
• Low rainfall
• Low vegetation

40. Monsoon Climate
• Monsoon season
• July –August
• Heavy rainfalls

41. Factors Affecting Climate
1. Altitude
2. Latitude
3. Position and Direction of Mountains
4. Forests
5. Slope of Land
6. Winds
7. Rainfall

42. Altitude
• Height from sea level
• Elevated regions = cooler because air has
less dust and receive less heat

43. Latitude
• Northern or Southern distance from equator
• Near equator = perpendicular sunrays (hot)
• Away from equator = Parallel rays (Cold)

44. Position and Direction of
Mountains
• High mountains = intercept warm and
most winds
• Rainfall on one side that intercept winds
• Dry on the other

45. Forests
• More humidity
• More rainfall

46. Slope of Land
• Slope towards sun = warming effect

47. Winds
• Moist winds = environment cool
• Dry winds

48. Rainfall
• More rainfall = moist and cool climate
• Low rainfall = dry and hot climate

49. Tabaco

50. Thank You!