DC-DC converters are classified into different types based on how their switches operate: Class A switches on and off continuously, Class B switches on for half the cycle and off for the other half, Class C switches on for less than half the cycle, Class D switches very fast at high frequencies, and Class E switches minimizes switching losses through resonant operation.

1. Performance Parameters of DC–DC Converters

2. STEP UP CHOPPER
CH ON CH OFF

4. CLASSIFICATION OF
CHOPPER

5.  TYPE/CLASS A
 TYPE/CLASS B
 TYPE/CLASS C
 TYPE/CLASS D
 TYPE/CLASS E

6. CLASS A

7. CLASS B

8. CLASS C

9. CLASS D

11. CLASS E
CH1
CH2