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1. Cement:
A Basic
Overview

2. Cement : A basic overview
• Cement is a fine powder material, which can work as a binder when water is
added to it.
• The word “cement” is derived from the Latin word “caementum”, which means
chipped rock fragments.

3. History Of Cement

4. History Of Cement

5. History Of Cement

6. Cement : A basic overview
 Chemically cement is a mixture of Silicates, Aluminates & aluminoferrites with some amount of MgO
and gypsum.
 Various complexes contained in cement:
 (2CaO.SiO2) Di Calcium Silicate (C2S) 22-24%
 (3CaO.SiO2) Tri Calcium Silicate (C3S) 50-58%
 (3CaO.Al2O3) Tri Calcium Aluminate (C3A) 10-11%
 (4CaO.Al2O3.Fe2O3) Tetra Calcium Aluminoferrite
(C4AF) 8-9%
 (6CaO.Al2O3.Fe2O3) Hexa Calcium Aluminoferrite
(C6AF) traces
 MgO <5%
 Gypsum (CaSO4.2H2O) 4-5%
 Various oxides contained in cement:
 CaO 60-66%
 Total silica 20-15%
 Combined silica/active silica
 Uncombined or inert silica
 Alumina (Al2O3) 3-8%
 Fe2O3 1-5%
 MgO <5%
 Alkalis <5%0

7. Cement : A basic overview
 Colour
 The gray color in cement is due to presence of complexes of Ferric ions in O.P.C (ordinary Portland cement).
 White cement is produced from those raw materials which contain extremely low conc. of Iron & even like low
conc. of Iron is converted from Fe+3 to Fe+2 (which can be done by reducing or maintaining atmosphere in the kiln)
& eventually the product appears to be white.
 Raw Materials required for Cement manufacturing
 Limestone ( CaCO3, MgCo3, SiO2)
 Clay (SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3 Mg(OH)2, Alkali)
 Sandstone (SiO2, Fe2O3, CaO, Alkali)
 Gypsum (CaSO4.2H2O)

8. Cement : A basic overview

9. Cement : A basic overview

10. Cement : A basic overview

11. Thank You