This document provides an overview of civil law procedures, including the objectives of civil law enforcement and process service. It defines civil law and its role in regulating disputes between individuals. The summary explains that civil law involves two parties - a plaintiff who brings a case against a defendant. It can result in compensation between parties rather than criminal punishment. The document further details various aspects of the civil procedure process, from pleading, serving, discovery, trial, verdict and potential appeals. It also outlines key areas of civil law like tort, contract, property and family law.
This document discusses various topics related to law and the legal system. It defines law, classifies different types of law such as public law, private law, criminal law, and international law. It also discusses sources of law, different types of legal liability including administrative, civil, and criminal liability. Specific topics covered include litigation procedures, types of damages, expert witnesses, physician-patient privilege, and statute of limitations.
Introduction to cpc 1962
particular and society in general. Especially in India, she is seen as preserver
of social norms, traditions, customs, morality and family cohesiveness. In the present
world a woman has taken up all responsibility of making a mark of her own to have
an own identity along with nurturing her family. But it is sad to see that women’s
achievement is also getting extended towards criminality in the social, cultural,
economic and political milieu of India. Female Criminality in India is at rise along
with the increase in crime against woman. The issue has reached to an alarming level
which has compelled all the socially responsible scholars to focus on root cause of
female turning to criminal activities in larger numbers. Female criminality has been
theoretically stated as complicated less understood and subject to easy control. The
social environment contributes a lot to the making of women criminals.
Female crime is a main indicator to measure a community’s moral standards.
Because compared with male crime, the number and proportion of female crime is
low, scholars and the judiciaries were not concerned about female crime for a long
time. But in recent years, the rapid growth of female crime and the emergence of the
new features had to be given extensive attention.1
Female crime has seriously affected
the marriage and family stability and social development. In this context, it is
particularly necessary to discuss the reasons for female crime and bring forward the
corresponding control measures
The phrase “Female crime’, by definition, refers to the crimes committed b
The Civil Procedure Code of 1908 consolidates laws relating to civil procedure in India. It contains 158 sections establishing fundamental principles that create jurisdiction, as well as 51 orders containing rules governing detailed procedures for exercising jurisdiction. The Code establishes the jurisdiction and authority of various civil courts in India, from lowest level civil courts to the Supreme Court. It also governs the filing of civil suits, issuance of summons, parties to suits, procedures for evidence production, interim orders, appeals, and execution of decrees.
This document provides an introduction to business law in India. It defines what law is and explains the need for laws in society. The key branches of law are described as constitutional law, administrative law, criminal law, civil law, and commercial law. Sources of business law in India are identified as statutory law, case law, natural law, English mercantile law, and customs and usage. Principles of natural justice like rules against bias and hearing the other side are also summarized.
This document provides an introduction to business and labour law. It discusses the key differences between criminal and civil liability. Criminal law deals with crimes and punishment, while civil law regulates disputes and provides compensation. It also summarizes the main sources of law, including legislation, precedent, customs, common law, and equity. Equity developed to provide remedies that were not available under common law. While courts have merged common law and equity, they remain distinct approaches.
The document discusses the constitutional basis of criminal procedure in the United States. It notes that criminal procedure follows many patterns of civil procedure, but with special provisions from the US Constitution, particularly the Bill of Rights. The Constitution expresses basic rights for citizens against government overreach and rights for the accused. It then lists and explains several key rights from the Constitution that form the basis of criminal procedure in the US, such as due process, trial by jury, unreasonable search and seizure, double jeopardy, self-incrimination, speedy trial, confrontation of witnesses, and cruel and unusual punishment.
This document summarizes key aspects of the Australian legal system. It outlines the classification of law into public law and private law. Public law includes criminal law, administrative law, and constitutional law. Private law regulates relationships between individuals and organizations, including contract law, tort law, and property law. The document also discusses criminal and civil court procedures, the roles of legal professionals, juries, and compares common law and civil law systems.
Cyber ethics refers to appropriate behaviors and principles when interacting online. Some common cyber ethics issues include accepting use policies, piracy, plagiarism, cyberbullying, cyberlibel, viruses/worms, privacy violations, cyberstalking, and unintended consequences of online actions. Jurisdiction in cyber space is complex as online actions can involve multiple legal jurisdictions depending on where users and servers are located. Web space, also called disk space or storage space, refers to the amount of storage allocated by web hosts for website files and content. It is an important consideration when choosing a hosting plan.
This document discusses various topics related to law and the legal system. It defines law, classifies different types of law such as public law, private law, criminal law, and international law. It also discusses sources of law, different types of legal liability including administrative, civil, and criminal liability. Specific topics covered include litigation procedures, types of damages, expert witnesses, physician-patient privilege, and statute of limitations.
Introduction to cpc 1962
particular and society in general. Especially in India, she is seen as preserver
of social norms, traditions, customs, morality and family cohesiveness. In the present
world a woman has taken up all responsibility of making a mark of her own to have
an own identity along with nurturing her family. But it is sad to see that women’s
achievement is also getting extended towards criminality in the social, cultural,
economic and political milieu of India. Female Criminality in India is at rise along
with the increase in crime against woman. The issue has reached to an alarming level
which has compelled all the socially responsible scholars to focus on root cause of
female turning to criminal activities in larger numbers. Female criminality has been
theoretically stated as complicated less understood and subject to easy control. The
social environment contributes a lot to the making of women criminals.
Female crime is a main indicator to measure a community’s moral standards.
Because compared with male crime, the number and proportion of female crime is
low, scholars and the judiciaries were not concerned about female crime for a long
time. But in recent years, the rapid growth of female crime and the emergence of the
new features had to be given extensive attention.1
Female crime has seriously affected
the marriage and family stability and social development. In this context, it is
particularly necessary to discuss the reasons for female crime and bring forward the
corresponding control measures
The phrase “Female crime’, by definition, refers to the crimes committed b
The Civil Procedure Code of 1908 consolidates laws relating to civil procedure in India. It contains 158 sections establishing fundamental principles that create jurisdiction, as well as 51 orders containing rules governing detailed procedures for exercising jurisdiction. The Code establishes the jurisdiction and authority of various civil courts in India, from lowest level civil courts to the Supreme Court. It also governs the filing of civil suits, issuance of summons, parties to suits, procedures for evidence production, interim orders, appeals, and execution of decrees.
This document provides an introduction to business law in India. It defines what law is and explains the need for laws in society. The key branches of law are described as constitutional law, administrative law, criminal law, civil law, and commercial law. Sources of business law in India are identified as statutory law, case law, natural law, English mercantile law, and customs and usage. Principles of natural justice like rules against bias and hearing the other side are also summarized.
This document provides an introduction to business and labour law. It discusses the key differences between criminal and civil liability. Criminal law deals with crimes and punishment, while civil law regulates disputes and provides compensation. It also summarizes the main sources of law, including legislation, precedent, customs, common law, and equity. Equity developed to provide remedies that were not available under common law. While courts have merged common law and equity, they remain distinct approaches.
The document discusses the constitutional basis of criminal procedure in the United States. It notes that criminal procedure follows many patterns of civil procedure, but with special provisions from the US Constitution, particularly the Bill of Rights. The Constitution expresses basic rights for citizens against government overreach and rights for the accused. It then lists and explains several key rights from the Constitution that form the basis of criminal procedure in the US, such as due process, trial by jury, unreasonable search and seizure, double jeopardy, self-incrimination, speedy trial, confrontation of witnesses, and cruel and unusual punishment.
This document summarizes key aspects of the Australian legal system. It outlines the classification of law into public law and private law. Public law includes criminal law, administrative law, and constitutional law. Private law regulates relationships between individuals and organizations, including contract law, tort law, and property law. The document also discusses criminal and civil court procedures, the roles of legal professionals, juries, and compares common law and civil law systems.
Cyber ethics refers to appropriate behaviors and principles when interacting online. Some common cyber ethics issues include accepting use policies, piracy, plagiarism, cyberbullying, cyberlibel, viruses/worms, privacy violations, cyberstalking, and unintended consequences of online actions. Jurisdiction in cyber space is complex as online actions can involve multiple legal jurisdictions depending on where users and servers are located. Web space, also called disk space or storage space, refers to the amount of storage allocated by web hosts for website files and content. It is an important consideration when choosing a hosting plan.
This document provides an introduction to criminal law, including definitions of crimes and differences between civil and criminal law. It outlines key topics like sources of law, purposes of punishment, and classifications of crimes. Criminal law prohibits certain acts and omissions, while criminal procedure governs individuals' rights during the criminal process. Civil law involves private disputes resolved through litigation, with the goal of compensating injuries, while criminal prosecutions are brought by the government to punish wrongdoers and protect the public.
The document discusses key aspects of the Bill of Rights under the Philippine Constitution. It covers 14 sections that protect various civil liberties and rights, including:
1) Due process and equal protection of law under Section 1.
2) Protection from unreasonable searches and seizures under Section 2, including requirements for search warrants.
3) Privacy of communication under Section 3 and inadmissibility of illegally obtained evidence.
4) Freedoms of speech, expression, press, assembly, and right to petition under Section 4.
The document provides an overview of the essential rights and liberties protected in the Bill of Rights, as well as limitations and exceptions to some of these rights.
U402 a court processes and procedures (working progress)Crystal Delosa
The document discusses key aspects of criminal and civil court processes and procedures. It outlines three elements of an effective legal system: entitlement to a fair hearing, effective access, and timely dispute resolution. For criminal cases, it describes important pre-trial procedures like bail, remand, and committal hearings; and explains their purposes. It also provides an overview of the general purposes of criminal sanctions and three types of sanctions - punishment, denunciation, and protection. For civil cases, it mentions pre-trial procedures like pleadings and discovery.
UNIT 4 Task for assignemnt related to Business lawsreeja704563
The course tutor has asked the presenter to prepare a presentation on key business laws including consumer law, contract law, tort law, and international law. Consumer law protects individuals from unfair trade practices. Contract law deals with making and enforcing agreements. Tort law provides remedies for harm caused by others. International law sets rules between states to promote cooperation and resolve disputes peacefully.
This is a self-explanatory powerpoint lecture with information concerning the NCFCA resolution for 2015. Resolved: That the United States Federal Court system should be significantly reformed.
A lawsuit is a formal legal process where disputes are settled between two parties, a plaintiff and defendant, who present their cases to an impartial third party, usually a judge or jury. Common reasons for lawsuits are to collect debts or determine responsibility. There are different types of lawsuits including civil cases over contractual or financial issues and criminal cases brought by the state. The lawsuit process involves pre-trial procedures, a trial with evidence and arguments presented by both sides, and potentially an appeal if either party disagrees with the ruling. It is generally advisable to consult an attorney who understands the legal process and can help resolve issues.
The document discusses key provisions of the Bill of Rights in the Philippine Constitution. It covers the rights to due process, equal protection, privacy, free speech, religious freedom, travel, information access, and association. It also discusses limitations on these rights and the powers of government, including eminent domain, police power, and taxation.
Ehsan Kabir Solicitor is explaining the Violations of the Law. As well as assisting individual clients, Ehsan Kabir regularly liaises and consults businesses by providing consultancy, assistance, and advisory services. Contact Ehsan Kabir today regarding any legal concerns you are facing. Ehsan Kabir works effortlessly and tirelessly around the clock to anyone with a legal inquiry. To maintain the high standards of client care Mr. Kabir provides out of hours services as well as Skype consultations and meetings with clients who may be based abroad.
The document defines various crimes and defenses. It discusses different classes of crimes like felonies and misdemeanors. It outlines crimes against people such as homicide, assault, and kidnapping. Crimes against property include burglary, larceny, and arson. Defenses to criminal liability are also examined, including insanity, entrapment, and justifiable use of force.
2620161Crime and Criminal LawChapter 5Crime .docxvickeryr87
2/6/2016
1
Crime and Criminal Law
Chapter 5
Crime and Criminal Law
• Criminal law (substantive law)
– Law of crimes
• Defined by statute
– Prescriptions
– Proscriptions
• Code of conduct all are expected to follow
– Enforced by state
• Primary purpose is protecting public from harm
by punishing harmful acts that have occurred and
forbidding conduct that may lead to it
What is Crime?
• Tappan (1947)
– “…an intentional act in violation of the criminal law
committed without defense or excuse, and penalized
by the state”
1. An act in violation of
2. A criminal law for which
3. A punishment is prescribed
4. The person committing this action must have
intended to do so
5. And to have done so without any legally
acceptable defenses or justifications
2/6/2016
2
Crime as a Subset of Harmful Acts
Core offenses
All crimes
All social harm
All harms
Sources of Criminal Law
• State and federal constitutions
• State and federal statutes
– New crimes added as circumstances warrant
• Common law
– Codified in most states by mid‐1800s
• Federal law is growing source of criminal law
• Statutes define elements (various parts) of a
crime more specifically than common law
Limitations on Criminal Law
• State cannot criminalize any conduct it chooses
• Substantive due process
– There are limits to what conduct the law may seek to
prohibit
• Forbids passage of laws that infringe on rights of
individuals
– Free speech
– Assembly
• Is underlying theory for privacy rights
2/6/2016
3
Limitations on Criminal Law
• Overbreadth doctrine
– Laws unconstitutional when they fail to narrowly
define specific behavior to be restricted
• Void for vagueness
– Laws unconstitutional when they fail to clearly
define prohibited act and punishment in advance
• Fair notice
– Letting people know what is and is not permitted
Limitations on Criminal Law
• Must not restrict due process
– Must be enforced fairly and non‐arbitrarily
• Must not restrict equal protection
– Laws cannot restrict rights of members of suspect
classifications
• Cruel and unusual punishment
– Punishments must be proportional to the crime
– Jurisdictions not required to punish in same
manner
Limitations on Criminal Law
• Ex post facto laws
– Cannot be penalized for behavior that was not
illegal at time they acted
– Penalties cannot be increased after crime has
been committed
– Do apply retroactively if they are beneficial
• Bills of attainder
– Cannot have laws that impose punishment
without trial
2/6/2016
4
Elements of Criminal Offenses
• Elements that must be present for criminal
liability to attach:
– Actus reus
– Mens rea
– Concurrence
– Causation
– Harm
• All make up corpus delecti
Actus Reus (Criminal Act)
• The guilty act
• Three forms
– Voluntarily bodily movements
– An omission in the face of a duty to act
• Failure to perform legal duty
• Failure to prevent harm when special relationship exists
– Possession
• If person has .
The document outlines different types and classifications of law including constitutions, statutes, common law, equity, administrative regulations, treaties, ordinances, and executive orders. It discusses jurisprudential philosophies like legal positivism and natural law. It also covers legal reasoning techniques, precedent, and statutory interpretation.
The document summarizes key changes to Mongolia's arbitration law based on the revised Law on Arbitration adopted in January 2017. Some of the major changes include distinguishing between domestic and international arbitration, recognizing electronic agreements to arbitrate, clarifying court involvement in arbitration proceedings, and aligning interim measures, award challenges, and enforcement with the UNCITRAL Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration. The revisions aim to modernize Mongolia's arbitration framework in accordance with international standards.
HLE_Lecture 1 - LAW_NATURE OF LAW_AUDIO.ppthenry895119
This lecture provided an overview of the Ghanaian legal system and health law. It discussed the three branches of government - executive, legislative, and judicial. The legislative branch makes laws, the executive enforces laws, and the judicial branch interprets laws. Health care workers must know and follow state laws regulating their profession. Legal responsibilities were discussed, including professional codes of conduct and patients' rights. Documentation, non-discrimination, and informed consent were also covered.
Mba1034 cg law ethics week 9 law & markets 2013Stephen Ong
This document provides an overview of law and markets, including discussions on CEO hubris, tort law, and a case on obesity and product liability lawsuits. It covers key topics such as common law, property rights, intellectual property, contracts, torts, negligence, and strict liability. The readings also include case examples related to false imprisonment, assumption of risk, duty of care, and damages awards.
The document defines key concepts in Indian law such as the roles of courts, judges, and the distinction between civil and criminal justice systems. It also explains important legal terminology and outlines the Indian Penal Code and Code of Criminal Procedure which establish criminal offenses and procedures. The Criminal Procedure Code and Evidence Act have been updated to the Bharatiya Nagrik Suraksha Sanhita, Bharatiya Nyay Sanhita, and Bharatiya Sakshya Sanhita respectively.
This document provides an overview of the judicial process and court system in the United States. It defines key terms related to courts and jurisdiction. The document describes the structure of the federal court system and state court systems. It explains the different types of jurisdiction that courts can exercise. The document also provides details about civil litigation procedures, from commencing an action to discovery, trials, appeals and enforcing judgments. It discusses standards of appellate review and the role of the U.S. Supreme Court. The document also briefly introduces the concepts of cyberjurisdiction and electronic filing in courts.
Lecture Note- 5 Principle of Natural Justice.pptxLoreetoSchool
The document discusses the principles of natural justice. It defines natural justice as the concept of fairness in dispute resolution, particularly that adjudication should be unbiased and each party should have equal access and awareness of arguments. The key principles of natural justice discussed are:
1) The rule against bias - the decision maker must be impartial without pecuniary, personal, or official conflicts of interest.
2) The right to a fair hearing - parties have a right to notice of proceedings and an opportunity to be heard before a decision is made.
3) The right to a reasoned decision - parties have a right to a decision with reasons to safeguard against arbitrary rulings and understand the result.
The Bangladesh
Resumes, Cover Letters, and Applying OnlineBruce Bennett
This webinar showcases resume styles and the elements that go into building your resume. Every job application requires unique skills, and this session will show you how to improve your resume to match the jobs to which you are applying. Additionally, we will discuss cover letters and learn about ideas to include. Every job application requires unique skills so learn ways to give you the best chance of success when applying for a new position. Learn how to take advantage of all the features when uploading a job application to a company’s applicant tracking system.
This document provides an introduction to criminal law, including definitions of crimes and differences between civil and criminal law. It outlines key topics like sources of law, purposes of punishment, and classifications of crimes. Criminal law prohibits certain acts and omissions, while criminal procedure governs individuals' rights during the criminal process. Civil law involves private disputes resolved through litigation, with the goal of compensating injuries, while criminal prosecutions are brought by the government to punish wrongdoers and protect the public.
The document discusses key aspects of the Bill of Rights under the Philippine Constitution. It covers 14 sections that protect various civil liberties and rights, including:
1) Due process and equal protection of law under Section 1.
2) Protection from unreasonable searches and seizures under Section 2, including requirements for search warrants.
3) Privacy of communication under Section 3 and inadmissibility of illegally obtained evidence.
4) Freedoms of speech, expression, press, assembly, and right to petition under Section 4.
The document provides an overview of the essential rights and liberties protected in the Bill of Rights, as well as limitations and exceptions to some of these rights.
U402 a court processes and procedures (working progress)Crystal Delosa
The document discusses key aspects of criminal and civil court processes and procedures. It outlines three elements of an effective legal system: entitlement to a fair hearing, effective access, and timely dispute resolution. For criminal cases, it describes important pre-trial procedures like bail, remand, and committal hearings; and explains their purposes. It also provides an overview of the general purposes of criminal sanctions and three types of sanctions - punishment, denunciation, and protection. For civil cases, it mentions pre-trial procedures like pleadings and discovery.
UNIT 4 Task for assignemnt related to Business lawsreeja704563
The course tutor has asked the presenter to prepare a presentation on key business laws including consumer law, contract law, tort law, and international law. Consumer law protects individuals from unfair trade practices. Contract law deals with making and enforcing agreements. Tort law provides remedies for harm caused by others. International law sets rules between states to promote cooperation and resolve disputes peacefully.
This is a self-explanatory powerpoint lecture with information concerning the NCFCA resolution for 2015. Resolved: That the United States Federal Court system should be significantly reformed.
A lawsuit is a formal legal process where disputes are settled between two parties, a plaintiff and defendant, who present their cases to an impartial third party, usually a judge or jury. Common reasons for lawsuits are to collect debts or determine responsibility. There are different types of lawsuits including civil cases over contractual or financial issues and criminal cases brought by the state. The lawsuit process involves pre-trial procedures, a trial with evidence and arguments presented by both sides, and potentially an appeal if either party disagrees with the ruling. It is generally advisable to consult an attorney who understands the legal process and can help resolve issues.
The document discusses key provisions of the Bill of Rights in the Philippine Constitution. It covers the rights to due process, equal protection, privacy, free speech, religious freedom, travel, information access, and association. It also discusses limitations on these rights and the powers of government, including eminent domain, police power, and taxation.
Ehsan Kabir Solicitor is explaining the Violations of the Law. As well as assisting individual clients, Ehsan Kabir regularly liaises and consults businesses by providing consultancy, assistance, and advisory services. Contact Ehsan Kabir today regarding any legal concerns you are facing. Ehsan Kabir works effortlessly and tirelessly around the clock to anyone with a legal inquiry. To maintain the high standards of client care Mr. Kabir provides out of hours services as well as Skype consultations and meetings with clients who may be based abroad.
The document defines various crimes and defenses. It discusses different classes of crimes like felonies and misdemeanors. It outlines crimes against people such as homicide, assault, and kidnapping. Crimes against property include burglary, larceny, and arson. Defenses to criminal liability are also examined, including insanity, entrapment, and justifiable use of force.
2620161Crime and Criminal LawChapter 5Crime .docxvickeryr87
2/6/2016
1
Crime and Criminal Law
Chapter 5
Crime and Criminal Law
• Criminal law (substantive law)
– Law of crimes
• Defined by statute
– Prescriptions
– Proscriptions
• Code of conduct all are expected to follow
– Enforced by state
• Primary purpose is protecting public from harm
by punishing harmful acts that have occurred and
forbidding conduct that may lead to it
What is Crime?
• Tappan (1947)
– “…an intentional act in violation of the criminal law
committed without defense or excuse, and penalized
by the state”
1. An act in violation of
2. A criminal law for which
3. A punishment is prescribed
4. The person committing this action must have
intended to do so
5. And to have done so without any legally
acceptable defenses or justifications
2/6/2016
2
Crime as a Subset of Harmful Acts
Core offenses
All crimes
All social harm
All harms
Sources of Criminal Law
• State and federal constitutions
• State and federal statutes
– New crimes added as circumstances warrant
• Common law
– Codified in most states by mid‐1800s
• Federal law is growing source of criminal law
• Statutes define elements (various parts) of a
crime more specifically than common law
Limitations on Criminal Law
• State cannot criminalize any conduct it chooses
• Substantive due process
– There are limits to what conduct the law may seek to
prohibit
• Forbids passage of laws that infringe on rights of
individuals
– Free speech
– Assembly
• Is underlying theory for privacy rights
2/6/2016
3
Limitations on Criminal Law
• Overbreadth doctrine
– Laws unconstitutional when they fail to narrowly
define specific behavior to be restricted
• Void for vagueness
– Laws unconstitutional when they fail to clearly
define prohibited act and punishment in advance
• Fair notice
– Letting people know what is and is not permitted
Limitations on Criminal Law
• Must not restrict due process
– Must be enforced fairly and non‐arbitrarily
• Must not restrict equal protection
– Laws cannot restrict rights of members of suspect
classifications
• Cruel and unusual punishment
– Punishments must be proportional to the crime
– Jurisdictions not required to punish in same
manner
Limitations on Criminal Law
• Ex post facto laws
– Cannot be penalized for behavior that was not
illegal at time they acted
– Penalties cannot be increased after crime has
been committed
– Do apply retroactively if they are beneficial
• Bills of attainder
– Cannot have laws that impose punishment
without trial
2/6/2016
4
Elements of Criminal Offenses
• Elements that must be present for criminal
liability to attach:
– Actus reus
– Mens rea
– Concurrence
– Causation
– Harm
• All make up corpus delecti
Actus Reus (Criminal Act)
• The guilty act
• Three forms
– Voluntarily bodily movements
– An omission in the face of a duty to act
• Failure to perform legal duty
• Failure to prevent harm when special relationship exists
– Possession
• If person has .
The document outlines different types and classifications of law including constitutions, statutes, common law, equity, administrative regulations, treaties, ordinances, and executive orders. It discusses jurisprudential philosophies like legal positivism and natural law. It also covers legal reasoning techniques, precedent, and statutory interpretation.
The document summarizes key changes to Mongolia's arbitration law based on the revised Law on Arbitration adopted in January 2017. Some of the major changes include distinguishing between domestic and international arbitration, recognizing electronic agreements to arbitrate, clarifying court involvement in arbitration proceedings, and aligning interim measures, award challenges, and enforcement with the UNCITRAL Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration. The revisions aim to modernize Mongolia's arbitration framework in accordance with international standards.
HLE_Lecture 1 - LAW_NATURE OF LAW_AUDIO.ppthenry895119
This lecture provided an overview of the Ghanaian legal system and health law. It discussed the three branches of government - executive, legislative, and judicial. The legislative branch makes laws, the executive enforces laws, and the judicial branch interprets laws. Health care workers must know and follow state laws regulating their profession. Legal responsibilities were discussed, including professional codes of conduct and patients' rights. Documentation, non-discrimination, and informed consent were also covered.
Mba1034 cg law ethics week 9 law & markets 2013Stephen Ong
This document provides an overview of law and markets, including discussions on CEO hubris, tort law, and a case on obesity and product liability lawsuits. It covers key topics such as common law, property rights, intellectual property, contracts, torts, negligence, and strict liability. The readings also include case examples related to false imprisonment, assumption of risk, duty of care, and damages awards.
The document defines key concepts in Indian law such as the roles of courts, judges, and the distinction between civil and criminal justice systems. It also explains important legal terminology and outlines the Indian Penal Code and Code of Criminal Procedure which establish criminal offenses and procedures. The Criminal Procedure Code and Evidence Act have been updated to the Bharatiya Nagrik Suraksha Sanhita, Bharatiya Nyay Sanhita, and Bharatiya Sakshya Sanhita respectively.
This document provides an overview of the judicial process and court system in the United States. It defines key terms related to courts and jurisdiction. The document describes the structure of the federal court system and state court systems. It explains the different types of jurisdiction that courts can exercise. The document also provides details about civil litigation procedures, from commencing an action to discovery, trials, appeals and enforcing judgments. It discusses standards of appellate review and the role of the U.S. Supreme Court. The document also briefly introduces the concepts of cyberjurisdiction and electronic filing in courts.
Lecture Note- 5 Principle of Natural Justice.pptxLoreetoSchool
The document discusses the principles of natural justice. It defines natural justice as the concept of fairness in dispute resolution, particularly that adjudication should be unbiased and each party should have equal access and awareness of arguments. The key principles of natural justice discussed are:
1) The rule against bias - the decision maker must be impartial without pecuniary, personal, or official conflicts of interest.
2) The right to a fair hearing - parties have a right to notice of proceedings and an opportunity to be heard before a decision is made.
3) The right to a reasoned decision - parties have a right to a decision with reasons to safeguard against arbitrary rulings and understand the result.
The Bangladesh
Resumes, Cover Letters, and Applying OnlineBruce Bennett
This webinar showcases resume styles and the elements that go into building your resume. Every job application requires unique skills, and this session will show you how to improve your resume to match the jobs to which you are applying. Additionally, we will discuss cover letters and learn about ideas to include. Every job application requires unique skills so learn ways to give you the best chance of success when applying for a new position. Learn how to take advantage of all the features when uploading a job application to a company’s applicant tracking system.
Jill Pizzola's Tenure as Senior Talent Acquisition Partner at THOMSON REUTERS...dsnow9802
Jill Pizzola's tenure as Senior Talent Acquisition Partner at THOMSON REUTERS in Marlton, New Jersey, from 2018 to 2023, was marked by innovation and excellence.
A Guide to a Winning Interview June 2024Bruce Bennett
This webinar is an in-depth review of the interview process. Preparation is a key element to acing an interview. Learn the best approaches from the initial phone screen to the face-to-face meeting with the hiring manager. You will hear great answers to several standard questions, including the dreaded “Tell Me About Yourself”.
5 Common Mistakes to Avoid During the Job Application Process.pdfAlliance Jobs
The journey toward landing your dream job can be both exhilarating and nerve-wracking. As you navigate through the intricate web of job applications, interviews, and follow-ups, it’s crucial to steer clear of common pitfalls that could hinder your chances. Let’s delve into some of the most frequent mistakes applicants make during the job application process and explore how you can sidestep them. Plus, we’ll highlight how Alliance Job Search can enhance your local job hunt.
Leadership Ambassador club Adventist modulekakomaeric00
Aims to equip people who aspire to become leaders with good qualities,and with Christian values and morals as per Biblical teachings.The you who aspire to be leaders should first read and understand what the ambassador module for leadership says about leadership and marry that to what the bible says.Christians sh
2. Objectives
• To explain civil law enforcement
procedures.
• To understand civil process service and
how it is used in civil legal cases.
2
3. Civil Law
• Is a system of laws which regulates
personal or private matters and governs
disputes between individuals
• Creates, defines and regulates the rights
and duties of individuals
3
4. Civil Law
• Includes two parties
– plaintiff
• the person who brings a case against another
in a court of law
• the person who a civil law has allegedly been
committed against by the defendant
– defendant
• the person who the case is brought against in
a court of law
• the person who allegedly committed the civil
crime against the plaintiff
4
5. Civil Law
• Includes punishment by compensation
between parties for damages rather than
criminal sentence
5
6. Civil Law
• Can result in law enforcement officer
involvement, such as:
– preventing or stopping assault
• one party assaulting another
• defendant assaulting a person serving legal
documents regarding their case
– mediating disagreements between parties
– defusing a hostile situation between parties
– enforcing punishment for civil wrongdoings
6
7. Civil Law
• Is in the control of the parties involved
rather than the government
– though the government makes the decisions
regarding the defendant’s punishment, the
plaintiff has control over charges filed and is
able to drop the case and charges whenever
he or she wants
7
8. Civil Process
• Begins when the plaintiff files a lawsuit
stating what he or she wants done, such
as:
– ordering the defendant to pay damages
– prohibiting the defendant from coming near
them
– ordering the defendant to cease a certain
action
8
9. Civil Procedure
• Begins when a person commits an offense
against any of the following types of civil
law:
– tort law
– contract law
– property law
– family law
9
10. Tort Law
• Refers to the set of laws which provide
remedies to individuals who have been
injured by the wrongful acts of others
• Holds people liable for the consequences
of their actions, whether intentional or
accidental
– a victim can file a lawsuit against a person
who violated a tort law against them
10
11. Tort Law
• Includes three categories:
– negligence
– intentional tort
– strict liability
11
12. Negligence
• Refers to unintentional wrongdoing
• Occurs when a person acts with reckless
disregard of another person without intent
to cause harm
• Can include:
– a diver accidently running a stop sign
– a restaurant owner who mops the slippery
floor, does not put up a "wet floor" sign and a
customer slips
12
13. Intentional Tort
• Refers to intentional wrongdoing
• Occurs when a person acts with intent to
cause harm or injury
• Can include:
– drunk driving
• driving under the influence of alcohol knowing
it poses a risk to others
– assault
• a physical attack on another
– fraud
• deceiving someone for financial or personal
gain
13
14. Strict Liability
• Occurs when someone has a strict duty to
ensure something is safe
– holds a person or company legally
responsible for damages or injury
• Includes categories such as:
– animals owned or possessed
• a pet dog biting another person
– abnormally dangerous acts
• disposing of chemical waste
– product liability
• a manufacturer selling a defected product
14
15. Contract Law
• Deals with agreements between two or
more parties, each of which is obligated to
hold up their portion of the agreement
• Protects transactions involving goods and
services
• States if a person breaks the terms of the
contract agreement they can be held
legally responsible
15
16. Contract Law
• Can include a person being held liable for
goods and services under a contract
agreement such as:
– not completing a job
– not paying a bill in full or on time
– failure to deliver goods sold or promised
16
17. Property Law
• Are laws which deal with property owned
by a person or entity
• Includes crimes such as:
– trespass
• entering another person’s property without
their consent
– conversion
• taking away another person’s property without
their consent
17
18. Family Law
• Is the branch of civil
law dealing with
issues affecting
families such as:
– marriage
– divorce
– child custody
– adoption
– child support
• Includes laws which protect family
members against domestic violence
18
19. Domestic Violence
• Refers to patterns of abusive behavior,
between adults in an intimate relationship,
used by one partner in order to gain or
maintain power of the other
19
20. Civil Procedure
• Includes the following steps:
– pleading
– serving
– discovery
– trial
– verdict
– appeal
20
21. Pleading
• Explains each party’s side of the dispute
• Provides the defendant with notice of the
factual and legal grounds for the plaintiff's
claims
21
22. Pleading
• Describes:
– the defendant’s offense against the plaintiff
– the legal basis for holding the defendant
responsible
• Is formally delivered to the defendant
through a practice called delivery
– begins the lawsuit
22
23. Serving
• Is the physical transfer of a legal
document from one person to another
• Is performed by process servers to legally
validate the transfer
23
24. Process Servers
• Are individuals authorized by law to serve
legal documents
• Were originally only members of courts
and law enforcement, however, legislation
was written where others could become
process servers to relieve law
enforcement of some of the burden
24
25. Process Servers
• Can include:
– law enforcement officers
– private process servers
• some states require process servers to be
licensed
• some states allow all persons over the age of
18 to be servers as long as they are not
involved with the case
• Are required to follow laws and regulations
when serving legal documents in order to
avoid abuse of service
25
26. Abuse of Service
• Is the illegal use of civil service procedure
• Occurs when a process server fails to
follow required rules
• Includes laws which vary by jurisdiction
26
27. Abuse of Service
• Includes:
– using excessive force
– serving legal papers to a person in which no
legal process has been initiated
– filing a false lawsuit in order to gain
information
– illegally forcing payment
– violating right to approach a residence
– entering private property through physical
boundaries
– harassing the person who is to be served
27
28. Abuse of Service
• Includes serving people who lack the legal
capability to make competent decisions
regarding civil actions, such as:
– a person who suffers a mental illness
– children under the age of 18
• if these people are named in a lawsuit,
documents should be served to an appointed
person who is approved to make legal
decisions for them
28
29. Process Servers
• May have to make multiple attempts to
deliver legal documents to the person’s
home or place of work if the person to be
served is absent
• Must get proof of service from the recipient
once the legal document has been
successfully delivered
• Deliver legal court documents in the form
of writs
29
30. Writs
• Are written commands from the court to
act or abstain from acting in some way
• Administer civil law procedure
• Include types which require a person to
appear in court, such as:
– writ of summons
• an official order requiring someone to attend
court
– writ of subpoena
• commands the attendance in court, as a
witness, of the person on whom it is served,
under a penalty
30
31. Discovery
• Is the act of both sides of the lawsuit
sharing information to learn strengths and
weaknesses within their cases before the
trial
– the parties ask each other and third parties for
information about the facts and issues of the
case
• Includes conducting depositions
– questioning and recording witnesses under
oath
31
32. Trial
• Is the formal hearing of the case by the
judge and jury
• Includes:
– examining witnesses
– presenting evidence
– the plaintiff and defendant presenting their
arguments
• Includes a verdict about the case being
made by the judge and jury
32
33. Verdict
• Is the official judgment stating the guilt or
liability of the defendant concerning the
issue in question
• In a civil case, gives the judge the power
to increase, decrease or make
modifications to the final verdict
33
34. Verdict
• Usually results in the losing party being
required to provide compensation for
damages through the following civil
procedures:
– attachment
– claim
– warrants
– garnishment
– writ of injunction
34
35. Attachment
• Is the seizing of money or property
• Is used to:
– seize specific property
– hold a person’s property until they pay off their
debt
• Is used to enforce property law
35
36. Claim
• Is a legal demand of an asset or right
which one party owes another
• Includes a plaintiff suffering a loss from the
defendant and requesting for the
defendant to compensate for the loss
• Is typically taken to legally obtain:
– money
– property
– enforcement of a right provided by law
• Is used to enforce property law
36
37. Warrants
• Are used in civil cases for matters of
repossessing property or monetary
judgment
• Are used by the plaintiff in order to
repossess wrongfully withheld personal
property
• Are used to enforce property law
37
Monetary Judgment: a court order which awards a plaintiff a sum of money
38. Warrants
• Include types such as:
– dispossessory warrant
• used by a landlord for eviction
of a tenant
– warrant in debt
• used when a person sues
someone in court for money
owed to them
– bench warrant
• can be issued in a civil case when the
defendant violates a court order to appear
38
39. Garnishment
• Is used to collect a debt from a third party
rather than directly from the defendant
– for example:
• a court can order the defendant’s employer to
withhold a certain amount of their wages for
payment of:
– child support
– student loans
– back taxes
• Is used to enforce family law
39
40. Writ of Injunction
• Is an order which is required to restrain a
person from performing an act or going
near another person
• Is used to enforce family law
• Includes protective orders to prevent
domestic violence including:
– protective orders
– no-contact orders
– orders to pick up children
40
41. Protective Orders
• Forbid a person from engaging in certain
activities which affect the victim, such as:
– prohibiting a person from contacting another
– requiring a person to move out of the home of
the victim
– requiring a person to keep a certain amount of
distance from the victim at all times
– awarding sole custody of children
41
42. No-Contact Orders
• Prohibit a person from being in physical or
verbal contact with the victim, such as:
– calling
– texting
– e-mailing
– stalking
– attacking
42
43. Orders to Pick Up Children
• Direct a law enforcement officer to take a
minor from the person who currently has
physical possession of the child and
deliver the minor to a person with legal
rights over the child
• Are requested when a person fears for a
child's safety
43
44. Appeal
• Occurs when the losing party is
dissatisfied with the result of the case and
asks a higher court to reverse the decision
– there must be legal basis
• an alleged error in the trial or violation of
constitutional rights
44