Presentation by Marlise Richter, at the National Sex Work Symposium, in the session 'What we know: evidence-based peer reviewed knowledge on sex work' (Boksburg, 22 August 2012)
Burden of HIV and Research Gaps Among Key Populations in Sub-Saharan AfricaHopkinsCFAR
Key populations including sex workers, men who have sex with men, and people who inject drugs experience disproportionately high HIV burdens in sub-Saharan Africa due to various biological, behavioral, and structural factors. HIV prevalence among female sex workers ranges from 10.9% in Eastern Europe to 36.9% in sub-Saharan Africa, where sex workers are 12 times more likely to be infected than other women. Men who have sex with men also experience high HIV prevalence, though data remains limited in sub-Saharan Africa. Combination prevention approaches including behavioral, biomedical, and structural interventions are needed to address the outsized impact of HIV on key populations.
A review of the network's achievements in 2018 around raising awareness of mental health in Muslim communities and the launch of the network's new campaign around improving cancer screening awareness in the Muslim community. This includes keynote speeches from Simon Stevens (Chief Executive of NHS England), Baroness Dido Harding (Chair of NHS Improvement), Clare Moriarty (Permanent Secretary and Civil Service Faith Lead).
Joined by senior colleagues from NHS England, Public Health England and Department of Health and Social Care, the network presented on reasons and barriers to lower screening uptake among Muslim communities.
Community Links and Jo's Trust also shared best practice from their engagement with faith communities, whilst on the back of this, the Muslim Council of Britain, the British Islamic Medical Association and Cube Network, shared their commitments to improving awareness of cancer screening in Muslim communities in 2019.
APCRSHR10 Virtual abstract presentation of Samreen of Asia Pacific Transgende...CNS www.citizen-news.org
This is the abstract presentation of Samreen, Human Rights and Advocacy Officer of Asia Pacific Transgender Network (APTN), which was made as part of the 12th session of 10th Asia Pacific Conference on Reproductive and Sexual Health and Rights (#APCRSHR10) Virtual. This session was held in lead up to #WorldAIDSDay and #16DaysofActivism against sexual and other forms of gender-based violence, on the theme of "HIV/AIDS and sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) in Asia and the Pacific".
Chair: Jennifer Butler, Director, UNFPA Pacific Sub Regional office based in Fiji
Plenary Speaker: Eamonn Murphy, Regional Director, UNAIDS, Asia and the Pacific | “Solidarity and Accountability: HIV, SRHR and the COVID response”
Abstract Presenters:
-------------------------
* Jude Tayaben | Successes, Pitfalls, and Moving Forward: Adivayan Youth Health Center- A school-based program addressing Adolescent Sexuality, and Reproductive Health Issues in Benguet, Philippines
* Samreen, Manisha Dhakal | Integrating transgender health into HIV and SRHR programming in Indonesia, Nepal, Thailand and Vietnam
* Harjyot Khosa | Stigma, sex work and non-disclosure to health care providers: Exploring dynamics of anal sex through community led monitoring to bridge gaps in HIV care continuum services
* Angela Kelly Hanku, Agnes K. Mek | I can, I want, I will and Young & Positive: Two visual method projects with young women living with HIV in Papua New Guinea
For more information on the session, please visit
www.bit.ly/apcrshr10virtual12
Official conference website: www.apcrshr10cambodia.org
Thanks
01 Setswe~Hiv Prevention Where Is The Evidence Of Interventions That WorkNicholas Jacobs
The document summarizes evidence for HIV prevention interventions that work. It discusses biomedical interventions like male circumcision, HAART, and PMTCT that have good evidence of effectiveness ranging from 60-98% based on randomized controlled trials. It also reviews behavioral interventions like HIV counseling and testing, the Stepping Stones program, and structural interventions like microfinance combined with gender training, finding some have promising evidence of effectiveness while evidence is limited or lacking for others.
APCRSHR10 Virtual abstract presentation of Manisha Dhakal of Blue Diamond Soc...CNS www.citizen-news.org
This is the abstract presentation of Manisha Dhakal of Blue Diamond Society Nepal, which was made as part of the 12th session of 10th Asia Pacific Conference on Reproductive and Sexual Health and Rights (#APCRSHR10) Virtual. This session was held in lead up to #WorldAIDSDay and #16DaysofActivism against sexual and other forms of gender-based violence, on the theme of "HIV/AIDS and sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) in Asia and the Pacific".
Chair: Jennifer Butler, Director, UNFPA Pacific Sub Regional office based in Fiji
Plenary Speaker: Eamonn Murphy, Regional Director, UNAIDS, Asia and the Pacific | “Solidarity and Accountability: HIV, SRHR and the COVID response”
Abstract Presenters:
-------------------------
* Jude Tayaben | Successes, Pitfalls, and Moving Forward: Adivayan Youth Health Center- A school-based program addressing Adolescent Sexuality, and Reproductive Health Issues in Benguet, Philippines
* Samreen, Manisha Dhakal | Integrating transgender health into HIV and SRHR programming in Indonesia, Nepal, Thailand and Vietnam
* Harjyot Khosa | Stigma, sex work and non-disclosure to health care providers: Exploring dynamics of anal sex through community led monitoring to bridge gaps in HIV care continuum services
* Angela Kelly Hanku, Agnes K. Mek | I can, I want, I will and Young & Positive: Two visual method projects with young women living with HIV in Papua New Guinea
For more information on the session, please visit
www.bit.ly/apcrshr10virtual12
Official conference website: www.apcrshr10cambodia.org
Thanks
This document discusses sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in Sudan. It provides data showing high rates of STIs like urethral discharge, vaginal discharge, and genital ulcers in Sudan. It outlines the causes of STIs in Sudan and discusses specific infections like HIV/AIDS, human papillomavirus, and genital ulcers. It also describes Sudan's STI management protocol, services provided at STI centers, and the need to update guidelines and raise awareness about STIs in Sudan and their hidden prevalence.
This is the abstract presentation of Jude Tayaben, which was made as part of the 12th session of 10th Asia Pacific Conference on Reproductive and Sexual Health and Rights (#APCRSHR10) Virtual. This session was held in lead up to #WorldAIDSDay and #16DaysofActivism against sexual and other forms of gender-based violence, on the theme of "HIV/AIDS and sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) in Asia and the Pacific".
Chair: Jennifer Butler, Director, UNFPA Pacific Sub Regional office based in Fiji
Plenary Speaker: Eamonn Murphy, Regional Director, UNAIDS, Asia and the Pacific | “Solidarity and Accountability: HIV, SRHR and the COVID response”
Abstract Presenters:
-------------------------
* Jude Tayaben | Successes, Pitfalls, and Moving Forward: Adivayan Youth Health Center- A school-based program addressing Adolescent Sexuality, and Reproductive Health Issues in Benguet, Philippines
* Samreen, Manisha Dhakal | Integrating transgender health into HIV and SRHR programming in Indonesia, Nepal, Thailand and Vietnam
* Harjyot Khosa | Stigma, sex work and non-disclosure to health care providers: Exploring dynamics of anal sex through community led monitoring to bridge gaps in HIV care continuum services
* Angela Kelly Hanku, Agnes K. Mek | I can, I want, I will and Young & Positive: Two visual method projects with young women living with HIV in Papua New Guinea
For more information on the session, please visit
www.bit.ly/apcrshr10virtual12
Official conference website: www.apcrshr10cambodia.org
Thanks
Burden of HIV and Research Gaps Among Key Populations in Sub-Saharan AfricaHopkinsCFAR
Key populations including sex workers, men who have sex with men, and people who inject drugs experience disproportionately high HIV burdens in sub-Saharan Africa due to various biological, behavioral, and structural factors. HIV prevalence among female sex workers ranges from 10.9% in Eastern Europe to 36.9% in sub-Saharan Africa, where sex workers are 12 times more likely to be infected than other women. Men who have sex with men also experience high HIV prevalence, though data remains limited in sub-Saharan Africa. Combination prevention approaches including behavioral, biomedical, and structural interventions are needed to address the outsized impact of HIV on key populations.
A review of the network's achievements in 2018 around raising awareness of mental health in Muslim communities and the launch of the network's new campaign around improving cancer screening awareness in the Muslim community. This includes keynote speeches from Simon Stevens (Chief Executive of NHS England), Baroness Dido Harding (Chair of NHS Improvement), Clare Moriarty (Permanent Secretary and Civil Service Faith Lead).
Joined by senior colleagues from NHS England, Public Health England and Department of Health and Social Care, the network presented on reasons and barriers to lower screening uptake among Muslim communities.
Community Links and Jo's Trust also shared best practice from their engagement with faith communities, whilst on the back of this, the Muslim Council of Britain, the British Islamic Medical Association and Cube Network, shared their commitments to improving awareness of cancer screening in Muslim communities in 2019.
APCRSHR10 Virtual abstract presentation of Samreen of Asia Pacific Transgende...CNS www.citizen-news.org
This is the abstract presentation of Samreen, Human Rights and Advocacy Officer of Asia Pacific Transgender Network (APTN), which was made as part of the 12th session of 10th Asia Pacific Conference on Reproductive and Sexual Health and Rights (#APCRSHR10) Virtual. This session was held in lead up to #WorldAIDSDay and #16DaysofActivism against sexual and other forms of gender-based violence, on the theme of "HIV/AIDS and sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) in Asia and the Pacific".
Chair: Jennifer Butler, Director, UNFPA Pacific Sub Regional office based in Fiji
Plenary Speaker: Eamonn Murphy, Regional Director, UNAIDS, Asia and the Pacific | “Solidarity and Accountability: HIV, SRHR and the COVID response”
Abstract Presenters:
-------------------------
* Jude Tayaben | Successes, Pitfalls, and Moving Forward: Adivayan Youth Health Center- A school-based program addressing Adolescent Sexuality, and Reproductive Health Issues in Benguet, Philippines
* Samreen, Manisha Dhakal | Integrating transgender health into HIV and SRHR programming in Indonesia, Nepal, Thailand and Vietnam
* Harjyot Khosa | Stigma, sex work and non-disclosure to health care providers: Exploring dynamics of anal sex through community led monitoring to bridge gaps in HIV care continuum services
* Angela Kelly Hanku, Agnes K. Mek | I can, I want, I will and Young & Positive: Two visual method projects with young women living with HIV in Papua New Guinea
For more information on the session, please visit
www.bit.ly/apcrshr10virtual12
Official conference website: www.apcrshr10cambodia.org
Thanks
01 Setswe~Hiv Prevention Where Is The Evidence Of Interventions That WorkNicholas Jacobs
The document summarizes evidence for HIV prevention interventions that work. It discusses biomedical interventions like male circumcision, HAART, and PMTCT that have good evidence of effectiveness ranging from 60-98% based on randomized controlled trials. It also reviews behavioral interventions like HIV counseling and testing, the Stepping Stones program, and structural interventions like microfinance combined with gender training, finding some have promising evidence of effectiveness while evidence is limited or lacking for others.
APCRSHR10 Virtual abstract presentation of Manisha Dhakal of Blue Diamond Soc...CNS www.citizen-news.org
This is the abstract presentation of Manisha Dhakal of Blue Diamond Society Nepal, which was made as part of the 12th session of 10th Asia Pacific Conference on Reproductive and Sexual Health and Rights (#APCRSHR10) Virtual. This session was held in lead up to #WorldAIDSDay and #16DaysofActivism against sexual and other forms of gender-based violence, on the theme of "HIV/AIDS and sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) in Asia and the Pacific".
Chair: Jennifer Butler, Director, UNFPA Pacific Sub Regional office based in Fiji
Plenary Speaker: Eamonn Murphy, Regional Director, UNAIDS, Asia and the Pacific | “Solidarity and Accountability: HIV, SRHR and the COVID response”
Abstract Presenters:
-------------------------
* Jude Tayaben | Successes, Pitfalls, and Moving Forward: Adivayan Youth Health Center- A school-based program addressing Adolescent Sexuality, and Reproductive Health Issues in Benguet, Philippines
* Samreen, Manisha Dhakal | Integrating transgender health into HIV and SRHR programming in Indonesia, Nepal, Thailand and Vietnam
* Harjyot Khosa | Stigma, sex work and non-disclosure to health care providers: Exploring dynamics of anal sex through community led monitoring to bridge gaps in HIV care continuum services
* Angela Kelly Hanku, Agnes K. Mek | I can, I want, I will and Young & Positive: Two visual method projects with young women living with HIV in Papua New Guinea
For more information on the session, please visit
www.bit.ly/apcrshr10virtual12
Official conference website: www.apcrshr10cambodia.org
Thanks
This document discusses sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in Sudan. It provides data showing high rates of STIs like urethral discharge, vaginal discharge, and genital ulcers in Sudan. It outlines the causes of STIs in Sudan and discusses specific infections like HIV/AIDS, human papillomavirus, and genital ulcers. It also describes Sudan's STI management protocol, services provided at STI centers, and the need to update guidelines and raise awareness about STIs in Sudan and their hidden prevalence.
This is the abstract presentation of Jude Tayaben, which was made as part of the 12th session of 10th Asia Pacific Conference on Reproductive and Sexual Health and Rights (#APCRSHR10) Virtual. This session was held in lead up to #WorldAIDSDay and #16DaysofActivism against sexual and other forms of gender-based violence, on the theme of "HIV/AIDS and sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) in Asia and the Pacific".
Chair: Jennifer Butler, Director, UNFPA Pacific Sub Regional office based in Fiji
Plenary Speaker: Eamonn Murphy, Regional Director, UNAIDS, Asia and the Pacific | “Solidarity and Accountability: HIV, SRHR and the COVID response”
Abstract Presenters:
-------------------------
* Jude Tayaben | Successes, Pitfalls, and Moving Forward: Adivayan Youth Health Center- A school-based program addressing Adolescent Sexuality, and Reproductive Health Issues in Benguet, Philippines
* Samreen, Manisha Dhakal | Integrating transgender health into HIV and SRHR programming in Indonesia, Nepal, Thailand and Vietnam
* Harjyot Khosa | Stigma, sex work and non-disclosure to health care providers: Exploring dynamics of anal sex through community led monitoring to bridge gaps in HIV care continuum services
* Angela Kelly Hanku, Agnes K. Mek | I can, I want, I will and Young & Positive: Two visual method projects with young women living with HIV in Papua New Guinea
For more information on the session, please visit
www.bit.ly/apcrshr10virtual12
Official conference website: www.apcrshr10cambodia.org
Thanks
Paper for indian journal of population educationYade Tekhre
To study the determinants and major barriers of contraceptive usages in men and to suggest an intervention package which will enhance contraceptive acceptance in men.
Specific Objectives
To study the factor that determines the contraceptive usages in married men, whose wives are in the reproductive age group.
To study the range of options available to men in contraceptive usage
To identify the factors which influence male support to their spouses for use of contraceptive.
APCRSHR10 Virtual plenary presentation of Eamonn Murphy, Regional Director of...CNS www.citizen-news.org
This is the plenary presentation of Mr Eamonn Murphy, Regional Director, UNAIDS, Asia and the Pacific, on "Solidarity and Accountability: HIV, SRHR and the COVID response”, which was made as part of the 12th session of 10th Asia Pacific Conference on Reproductive and Sexual Health and Rights (#APCRSHR10) Virtual. This session was held in lead up to #WorldAIDSDay and #16DaysofActivism against sexual and other forms of gender-based violence, on the theme of "HIV/AIDS and sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) in Asia and the Pacific".
Chair: Jennifer Butler, Director, UNFPA Pacific Sub Regional office based in Fiji
Plenary Speaker: Eamonn Murphy, Regional Director, UNAIDS, Asia and the Pacific | “Solidarity and Accountability: HIV, SRHR and the COVID response”
Abstract Presenters:
-------------------------
* Jude Tayaben | Successes, Pitfalls, and Moving Forward: Adivayan Youth Health Center- A school-based program addressing Adolescent Sexuality, and Reproductive Health Issues in Benguet, Philippines
* Samreen, Manisha Dhakal | Integrating transgender health into HIV and SRHR programming in Indonesia, Nepal, Thailand and Vietnam
* Harjyot Khosa | Stigma, sex work and non-disclosure to health care providers: Exploring dynamics of anal sex through community led monitoring to bridge gaps in HIV care continuum services
* Angela Kelly Hanku, Agnes K. Mek | I can, I want, I will and Young & Positive: Two visual method projects with young women living with HIV in Papua New Guinea
For more information on the session, please visit
www.bit.ly/apcrshr10virtual12
Official conference website: www.apcrshr10cambodia.org
Thanks
This is the abstract presentation of Dr Harjyot Khosa, which was made as part of the 12th session of 10th Asia Pacific Conference on Reproductive and Sexual Health and Rights (#APCRSHR10) Virtual. This session was held in lead up to #WorldAIDSDay and #16DaysofActivism against sexual and other forms of gender-based violence, on the theme of "HIV/AIDS and sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) in Asia and the Pacific".
Chair: Jennifer Butler, Director, UNFPA Pacific Sub Regional office based in Fiji
Plenary Speaker: Eamonn Murphy, Regional Director, UNAIDS, Asia and the Pacific | “Solidarity and Accountability: HIV, SRHR and the COVID response”
Abstract Presenters:
-------------------------
* Jude Tayaben | Successes, Pitfalls, and Moving Forward: Adivayan Youth Health Center- A school-based program addressing Adolescent Sexuality, and Reproductive Health Issues in Benguet, Philippines
* Samreen, Manisha Dhakal | Integrating transgender health into HIV and SRHR programming in Indonesia, Nepal, Thailand and Vietnam
* Harjyot Khosa | Stigma, sex work and non-disclosure to health care providers: Exploring dynamics of anal sex through community led monitoring to bridge gaps in HIV care continuum services
* Angela Kelly Hanku, Agnes K. Mek | I can, I want, I will and Young & Positive: Two visual method projects with young women living with HIV in Papua New Guinea
For more information on the session, please visit
www.bit.ly/apcrshr10virtual12
Official conference website: www.apcrshr10cambodia.org
Thanks
This document discusses adolescent use of preventive services based on USPSTF recommendations and an analysis of claims data from a large health plan. The analysis found that the rate of preventive care visits was low, averaging less than 0.3 visits per year. Adolescents had more frequent non-preventive visits, averaging 1.5 visits per year. Longitudinal data on over 40,000 continuously enrolled adolescents showed that guidelines for annual preventive visits were met less than 2% of the time. The document recommends developing better evidence for adolescent clinical preventive services, taking advantage of every medical encounter to provide preventive care, and using clinical systems to improve delivery rates.
Dissemination of community scoore card to districtsCissy Namuzimbi
The community score card approach was used to assess the quality of HIV/AIDS services in 3 districts of Uganda. Key findings included poor ratings for male circumcision and adolescent HIV care due to cultural beliefs and lack of privacy. ART access received fair-good ratings but with stockouts and stigma as issues. Family planning services faced challenges of negative beliefs and domestic violence. Staffing gaps exceeded 50% at some health centers. Recommendations focused on increasing staffing, addressing stockouts, improving community sensitization and awareness of patient rights.
CANSA places the focus on the ‘Big 5’ cancers affecting SA men during its Men’s Health Awareness Campaign in November, namely, prostate, colorectal, Kaposi sarcoma (a type of skin cancer), lung and bladder cancer. However, it’s vital that men be pro-active, stepping up and taking responsibility for their health all year round.
Read more: http://www.cansa.org.za/mens-health/
1) The document discusses health inequalities and screening inequalities, noting that uptake rates tend to be lower for those in more deprived socioeconomic groups and for certain minority populations.
2) It provides an overview of the Public Health England's Screening Division Inequalities Strategy, which aims to increase uptake in the most deprived areas by 10% by addressing barriers to screening.
3) The strategy involves tools to help services analyze uptake data and identify groups with lower participation, as well as guidance on improving access for populations such as those with severe mental illness.
This document summarizes research on the transgender population in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam and the challenges they face related to HIV, health, and human rights. It notes that transgender people suffer discrimination worldwide and lack legal protections in most of Asia. In Vietnam, they are often conflated with MSM and lack recognition of their gender identity. The document reviews limited available data on health issues like HIV prevalence and access to transition-related care. It estimates the transgender population in Ho Chi Minh City to be 2,000-3,000 and notes a lack of targeted programs and legal protections for this at-risk group.
Day 3 gender panel integrating suppy and demand tz 108023ea-imcha
This document describes a project aimed at improving access to health services and quality of care for mothers and children in Tanzania. It outlines the implementation research team leading the project and focuses on incorporating social and gender considerations into the research design. Specifically, it discusses (1) using a social and gender focus to understand factors influencing access and utilization of maternal and child health services, (2) designing interventions to ensure equitable access through engagement of men and women, and (3) conducting a social and gender analysis to evaluate the impact on different groups. Preliminary baseline findings assess decision-making roles and barriers to health access. The project employs participatory women's groups and gender training to empower women and promote equitable access to care.
Situation assessment-and-analysis-of-women-children-youth-of-different-red-li...NAWAZ UL HAQUE
This document provides an overview and background on red light areas and prostitution in India. Some key points:
- Prostitution has a long history in India dating back to ancient texts from 300 BC. The British formalized it in the 18th century by creating designated "red light" areas.
- A red light area is defined as an urban area with a concentration of prostitution and sex businesses. They exist in many large cities in India but are difficult to study due to their clandestine nature.
- Studies of red light areas show prostitutes generally live in poor conditions, earn low incomes, and enter the profession due to adverse circumstances like poverty or family problems. Many support their families financially through
"Preferred methods of assisted Partner Notification Services in Seme and Kisu...IJSRED
The document summarizes a study that examined the preferred methods of assisted partner notification services among HIV-positive clients in Kisumu County, Kenya. The study found that 40.4% of participants indicated that provider referral was the preferred notification method. Client referral was also preferred by 26% of participants. There was no statistically significant association found between participation in partner notification services and preferred notification method. The study concluded that provider referral should be adopted for implementing assisted partner notification services.
Prevalence and characteristics of adults with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder...BARRY STANLEY 2 fasd
Results
We identified a high rate of FASD (17.5, 95% CI [9.2, 25.8%]) in this sample, and this rate could have been as high as 31.2%
with confirmation of prenatal alcohol exposure. Most participants in this study presented with significant neurodevelopmental and cognitive deficits in at least two domains of functioning, irrespective of diagnosis, with only five of 80 participants (6.3%) demonstrating no cognitive impairment.
This document discusses design principles and practices at High Tech High (HTH), a network of charter schools. It summarizes that HTH aims to:
1) Personalize education through small class sizes, advisory groups, and student-led projects.
2) Provide a common intellectual mission through shared learning goals, inclusion of all students, and performance-based promotion.
3) Connect students to the adult world through internships, community projects, and visiting professionals.
4) Support teachers as co-designers through hiring practices, daily planning time, mentoring, and graduate programs.
South Africa is facing an education crisis with more than 20,000 of its 26,000 schools deemed dysfunctional. Only about half of the 1.3 million learners who start school each year will reach matriculation. IkamvaYouth was founded to address this crisis and enable disadvantaged youth to access tertiary education. It provides peer-to-peer tutoring and career mentoring to help more youth enroll in and pass matriculation with the goal of increasing access to post-school opportunities. Currently operating in two townships, it hopes to expand its model nationwide to help every learner matriculate and access further education or employment.
This document summarizes the 2012 Trafficking in Persons Report. It discusses how the promise of freedom from slavery remains unfulfilled for millions around the world despite laws prohibiting slavery. It emphasizes the importance of a victim-centered approach that focuses on prevention, prosecution, and protection. Protection efforts aim to restore victims' rights and provide services to help them recover from the trauma of being trafficked. The report examines promising practices and potential pitfalls in providing victim protection. It stresses the critical role of governments in punishing traffickers through law enforcement and ensuring victims' rights are restored through comprehensive protection services.
The document discusses theories of language development including behaviorist, innatist, and interactionist views. It describes the stages of early language development from one word to multi-word stages. The components of language including phonology, semantics, syntax, and pragmatics are examined. Guidelines for supporting bi-lingualism, second language teaching, and literacy development are provided. The importance of child-directed speech, emergent literacy, and creating a print-rich environment are emphasized.
Sexual violence and exploitation is a widespread global issue. Over 1 million children enter the sex trade every year and 30 million have lost their childhood to sexual exploitation in the past 30 years. An estimated 600,000-800,000 people, mostly women and children, are trafficked across borders annually. Rape, war rape, comfort women, prostitution, sexual assault, abuse, and female genital mutilation negatively impact millions of victims annually. Resources are available to help victims of sexual abuse and assault.
La Web 2.0 permite la interacción y participación de los usuarios a través de aplicaciones como blogs, wikis y redes sociales. Esto ha transformado la educación al facilitar la comunicación dinámica entre docentes y estudiantes y el compartir de recursos digitales de forma más fácil. Si bien tiene beneficios como mejorar el acceso a la educación, también plantea desafíos como la pérdida de privacidad y posibles violaciones de derechos de autor.
Mentoring involves four phases: establishing rapport, setting direction, making progress, and moving on or maintaining the relationship. It can be natural through friendships or more planned through formal programs. Mentoring provides academic, career, and personal benefits like improved performance. Effective mentors establish trust, set goals, provide feedback, and help mentees even after the formal relationship ends. Certain personality types like fixers and bureaucrats make poorer mentors as they cannot adapt their style to individual needs. Good mentors are approachable, honest, and help mentees grow through active listening and questioning.
Victim Services provides support to victims of crime in New South Wales. They assist victims in recovering from trauma and navigating the criminal justice system. Key services include counseling, compensation applications, and a unit assisting families of missing persons. Trauma-informed practices are important to avoid re-traumatizing victims. Challenges include understanding trauma responses, reducing re-traumatization in the criminal justice system, and recruiting experienced counselors and report writers trained in trauma.
MRC/info4africa KZN Community Forum | April 2013info4africa
Joan Van Niekerk’s presentation highlighted recent press coverage on several rapes of both children and older persons, which has engendered a sense of shock and horror, both nationally and internationally. Although rape and sexual abuse levels in South Africa have long been among the highest in the world of any country not at war, recent reports have detailed unbelievably cruel and savage acts of sexual and physical torture. As has happened in the past, when the press calls attention to the high levels of sexual assault, there is a flurry of reactive comment and action to deal with the crisis. Sadly, sustained programmes and responses, based on consultation, careful planning and evidence-based programme development remain lacking. Dealing with rape and sexual abuse is a key HIV infection prevention strategy – both in terms of our national Strategic Plan (NSP) on HIV, AIDS, STIs and TB, as well as our commitment to the UN declaration on AIDS.
Paper for indian journal of population educationYade Tekhre
To study the determinants and major barriers of contraceptive usages in men and to suggest an intervention package which will enhance contraceptive acceptance in men.
Specific Objectives
To study the factor that determines the contraceptive usages in married men, whose wives are in the reproductive age group.
To study the range of options available to men in contraceptive usage
To identify the factors which influence male support to their spouses for use of contraceptive.
APCRSHR10 Virtual plenary presentation of Eamonn Murphy, Regional Director of...CNS www.citizen-news.org
This is the plenary presentation of Mr Eamonn Murphy, Regional Director, UNAIDS, Asia and the Pacific, on "Solidarity and Accountability: HIV, SRHR and the COVID response”, which was made as part of the 12th session of 10th Asia Pacific Conference on Reproductive and Sexual Health and Rights (#APCRSHR10) Virtual. This session was held in lead up to #WorldAIDSDay and #16DaysofActivism against sexual and other forms of gender-based violence, on the theme of "HIV/AIDS and sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) in Asia and the Pacific".
Chair: Jennifer Butler, Director, UNFPA Pacific Sub Regional office based in Fiji
Plenary Speaker: Eamonn Murphy, Regional Director, UNAIDS, Asia and the Pacific | “Solidarity and Accountability: HIV, SRHR and the COVID response”
Abstract Presenters:
-------------------------
* Jude Tayaben | Successes, Pitfalls, and Moving Forward: Adivayan Youth Health Center- A school-based program addressing Adolescent Sexuality, and Reproductive Health Issues in Benguet, Philippines
* Samreen, Manisha Dhakal | Integrating transgender health into HIV and SRHR programming in Indonesia, Nepal, Thailand and Vietnam
* Harjyot Khosa | Stigma, sex work and non-disclosure to health care providers: Exploring dynamics of anal sex through community led monitoring to bridge gaps in HIV care continuum services
* Angela Kelly Hanku, Agnes K. Mek | I can, I want, I will and Young & Positive: Two visual method projects with young women living with HIV in Papua New Guinea
For more information on the session, please visit
www.bit.ly/apcrshr10virtual12
Official conference website: www.apcrshr10cambodia.org
Thanks
This is the abstract presentation of Dr Harjyot Khosa, which was made as part of the 12th session of 10th Asia Pacific Conference on Reproductive and Sexual Health and Rights (#APCRSHR10) Virtual. This session was held in lead up to #WorldAIDSDay and #16DaysofActivism against sexual and other forms of gender-based violence, on the theme of "HIV/AIDS and sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) in Asia and the Pacific".
Chair: Jennifer Butler, Director, UNFPA Pacific Sub Regional office based in Fiji
Plenary Speaker: Eamonn Murphy, Regional Director, UNAIDS, Asia and the Pacific | “Solidarity and Accountability: HIV, SRHR and the COVID response”
Abstract Presenters:
-------------------------
* Jude Tayaben | Successes, Pitfalls, and Moving Forward: Adivayan Youth Health Center- A school-based program addressing Adolescent Sexuality, and Reproductive Health Issues in Benguet, Philippines
* Samreen, Manisha Dhakal | Integrating transgender health into HIV and SRHR programming in Indonesia, Nepal, Thailand and Vietnam
* Harjyot Khosa | Stigma, sex work and non-disclosure to health care providers: Exploring dynamics of anal sex through community led monitoring to bridge gaps in HIV care continuum services
* Angela Kelly Hanku, Agnes K. Mek | I can, I want, I will and Young & Positive: Two visual method projects with young women living with HIV in Papua New Guinea
For more information on the session, please visit
www.bit.ly/apcrshr10virtual12
Official conference website: www.apcrshr10cambodia.org
Thanks
This document discusses adolescent use of preventive services based on USPSTF recommendations and an analysis of claims data from a large health plan. The analysis found that the rate of preventive care visits was low, averaging less than 0.3 visits per year. Adolescents had more frequent non-preventive visits, averaging 1.5 visits per year. Longitudinal data on over 40,000 continuously enrolled adolescents showed that guidelines for annual preventive visits were met less than 2% of the time. The document recommends developing better evidence for adolescent clinical preventive services, taking advantage of every medical encounter to provide preventive care, and using clinical systems to improve delivery rates.
Dissemination of community scoore card to districtsCissy Namuzimbi
The community score card approach was used to assess the quality of HIV/AIDS services in 3 districts of Uganda. Key findings included poor ratings for male circumcision and adolescent HIV care due to cultural beliefs and lack of privacy. ART access received fair-good ratings but with stockouts and stigma as issues. Family planning services faced challenges of negative beliefs and domestic violence. Staffing gaps exceeded 50% at some health centers. Recommendations focused on increasing staffing, addressing stockouts, improving community sensitization and awareness of patient rights.
CANSA places the focus on the ‘Big 5’ cancers affecting SA men during its Men’s Health Awareness Campaign in November, namely, prostate, colorectal, Kaposi sarcoma (a type of skin cancer), lung and bladder cancer. However, it’s vital that men be pro-active, stepping up and taking responsibility for their health all year round.
Read more: http://www.cansa.org.za/mens-health/
1) The document discusses health inequalities and screening inequalities, noting that uptake rates tend to be lower for those in more deprived socioeconomic groups and for certain minority populations.
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3) Connect students to the adult world through internships, community projects, and visiting professionals.
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South Africa is facing an education crisis with more than 20,000 of its 26,000 schools deemed dysfunctional. Only about half of the 1.3 million learners who start school each year will reach matriculation. IkamvaYouth was founded to address this crisis and enable disadvantaged youth to access tertiary education. It provides peer-to-peer tutoring and career mentoring to help more youth enroll in and pass matriculation with the goal of increasing access to post-school opportunities. Currently operating in two townships, it hopes to expand its model nationwide to help every learner matriculate and access further education or employment.
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La Web 2.0 permite la interacción y participación de los usuarios a través de aplicaciones como blogs, wikis y redes sociales. Esto ha transformado la educación al facilitar la comunicación dinámica entre docentes y estudiantes y el compartir de recursos digitales de forma más fácil. Si bien tiene beneficios como mejorar el acceso a la educación, también plantea desafíos como la pérdida de privacidad y posibles violaciones de derechos de autor.
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Sometimes, learning how to create a resume that’ll knock the socks off your interviewer isn’t enough. To stand out in an interview you have to do a great deal of research. But don’t just go on Google and stalk the company you’re interviewing in. There’s a right way for you to do it and we’ll get into more of it in a bit.
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Childhood Sexual Abuse: Assessment and Treatment Using Trauma-Focused Cogniti...Dr. Bernadette Marson
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The document discusses laws and rights related to protecting children in the Philippines. It outlines that children have rights to protection from abuse, proper care and nutrition. It also discusses the responsibilities of various institutions like families, schools, and communities in guiding and supporting children. The three key institutions that guide children are the family, school, and community, with families having the most important role in raising children.
WARNING: This presentation contains graphic photos of extreme violence and explicit images. Due to it’s adult nature we ask that anyone under the age of 18 please stop viewing immediately. @empoweredpres
This presentation provides guidance counselors and career coaches with tools and resources to help high school students understand their interests, personality types, skills, and values in order to explore potential career paths, including taking personality and skills tests, learning about in-demand jobs and career clusters, and developing goals and plans for their future education and career.
WHRF - How can the law be used to scale up effective HIV responses among MSM ...FMDH
Présentation de Nadia RAFIF sur "How can the law be used to scale up effective HIV responses among MSM ?" lors du Forum Mondial des Droits de l'Homme, Novembre 2014.
Pour plus d'informations :
- Site web : http://fmdh-2014.org/fr/
- Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/FMDH2014
- Twitter : https://twitter.com/FMDH2014
- Youtube : https://www.youtube.com/user/FMDH2014
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[[INOSR ES 11(2)108-121, 2023.Evaluation of Male partner participation in pre...PUBLISHERJOURNAL
Evaluation of Male partner participation in prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV/AIDs at Hoima Referral hospital
Sebwami Richard
School of Allied Health Sciences, Kampala International University Uganda.
________________________________________
ABSTRACT
The purpose of the study was to assess the knowledge and attitude, the level of male involvement and factors associated with male involvement in the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Hoima municipality. This study was a descriptive cross section in which quantitative method of data collection was employed in collection of data from respondents. Questionnaires were distributed to participants to assess the knowledge and attitude, the level of male involvement and factors associated with male involvement in prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) in Hoima municipality. Sample size of 200 participants were used, this included the Male partners who hard escorted their pregnant partners to the antenatal clinic aged between 20-50years.The predominant religion were Catholics 59% and seventh day Adventists. Regarding educational levels, majority of respondents had completed secondary level and above (61%) and the predominant ages were between 20-29 years. The study revealed that very few males partner were involved in the PMTCT program especially during HIV counseling and testing (HCT) because of being at old age group above 30years couples, couples not living together, high number of wife’s pregnancies four and above, having no knowledge on methods of MTCT, and husbands failure to discuss HCT with their wives. From the findings, majority of the respondents have ever had about the male involvement in the PMTCT but there was still low male involvement in PMTCT programs at antenatal clinics. There is a need to do an in-depth assessment of women’s experiences when tested HIV-positive in the presence of their partners at the ANC, as well as to develop strategies to improve male involvement. The study again recommends formative research on the use of incentives to promote male involvement in the PMTCT program and the government should train more of the health promoters and the Village Health Teams in order to reach even those that are deep in the village that are not having easy access to the health facility.
Keywords: HIV, Hoima municipality, Male partner, counseling
Poster presentation at the AIDS 2018 conference in Amsterdam.
By: Adam Bourne1, Beatrice Alba1, Alex Garner2, Gianfranco Spiteri3, Anastasia Pharris3, Teymur Noori3
1. Australian Research Centre in Sex, Health & Society, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia; 2. Hornet Gay Social Network, California, USA; 3. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, ECDC, Sweden
This document summarizes the results of a survey on substance use, mental health, risky behaviors, and service needs among grade 8-10 learners in Western Cape schools in 2011. Some key findings include:
- Alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis were the most commonly used substances. Two-thirds of learners reported alcohol use, nearly half reported tobacco use, and about a quarter reported cannabis use.
- Males generally reported higher rates of substance use than females. They were more likely to report behaviors like binge drinking, weekly alcohol and tobacco use, and smoking more than 10 cigarettes per day.
- Hard drug use like cocaine, mandrax, ecstasy, heroin, and methamphetamine was relatively low at
- The study assessed factors influencing the utilization of voluntary HIV counseling and testing (VCT) services among youth in Awassa town, Ethiopia using a Health Belief Model approach.
- Through focus group discussions and interviews, the major factors found to inhibit VCT utilization were fear of stigma and discrimination, fear of coping with a positive HIV test result, and high HIV risk perception. The factors found to enhance utilization were having marriage plans, access to care and support including antiretroviral therapy, and persuasion by health professionals.
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Background: Adolescents are exposed to several reproductive health challenges including early marriage, unwanted pregnancies, unsafe abortions and sexually transmitted infections. An estimated 14 million adolescents give birth annually of which more than 90% of these occurs in developing countries. Adolescents in the Sub-Saharan Africa have low family planning utilization rates, limited knowledge of reproductive health services and very high pregnancy rates which is not unrelated to the negative attitude of some health care providers towards the provision of Sexual and Reproductive Health (SRH) services and information to adolescents.
This document summarizes a study on gender-based violence (GBV) and legal frameworks in western Kenya. Key findings include: 1) Over half of respondents experienced some form of violence as children; 2) Most household financial decisions are made by male heads of household; 3) Condom use is low despite high rates of multiple partners; 4) Over a quarter of men reported slapping or shoving intimate partners. Recommendations focus on increasing GBV awareness, engaging men and boys, empowering women, and addressing social and cultural norms that enable violence.
HIV prevalence and incidence remain high in peri-urban areas of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa according to a study of three districts. Cross-sectional surveys found HIV prevalence of 42% in Ladysmith, 46% in Edendale, and 41% in Pinetown. Follow-up cohort studies in these areas then determined HIV incidence rates of 14.8, 6.3, and 7.2 per 100 person-years, respectively. Pregnancy incidence was also high at 5.7, 3.1, and 6.3 per 100 person-years despite high reported contraceptive use. These findings suggest ongoing high risk of HIV transmission in these communities.
HIV prevalence and incidence remain high in peri-urban areas of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa according to a study of three districts. Cross-sectional surveys found HIV prevalence of 42% in Ladysmith, 46% in Edendale, and 41% in Pinetown. Follow-up cohort studies in these areas measured HIV incidence rates of 14.8, 6.3, and 7.2 per 100 person-years respectively. Pregnancy incidence was also high at 5.7, 3.1, and 6.3 per 100 person-years despite high reported contraceptive use. These findings suggest ongoing high risk of HIV transmission in these communities.
Risk refers to behaviors that can lead to HIV infection, like unprotected sex or needle sharing, while vulnerability is influenced by external factors beyond an individual's control. The document discusses how risk and vulnerability to HIV/AIDS vary in southern Indian states depending on typologies of sex work, prevalence of other STIs, and complex social behaviors among at-risk groups. It emphasizes that an enabling legal and policy environment is needed to effectively address HIV/AIDS through supporting human rights, reducing stigma, and allowing prevention programs to operate without barriers.
Ben Bavinton, (The Kirby Institute) discusses how the Opposites Attract' stdy will address the unanswered questions about wther treatment as prevention will work for gay men. This presentation was given at the AFAO/NAPWA Gay Men's HIV Health Promotion Conference in May 2012.
This document discusses applying the Transtheoretical Model to promote safer sex behaviors among older HIV-infected African Americans in Nevada. It outlines the sexual risk factors older individuals face, such as lack of knowledge, inconsistent condom use, and multiple partners. Statistics provided show that African Americans are disproportionately impacted by HIV in Nevada and nationwide. The document then applies the stages of change from the Transtheoretical Model - precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance - to design interventions to promote behavior change. Interventions include encouraging evaluation of risks, problem solving, skill building, and maintaining protective behaviors.
Socio-Cultural Factors That Perpetuate ThePractice Of Female Genital Mutilati...QUESTJOURNAL
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Acolyte Episodes review (TV series) The Acolyte. Learn about the influence of the program on the Star Wars world, as well as new characters and story twists.
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Characteristics, sexual behaviour and risk factors of female, male and transgender sex workers in South Africa
1. Characteristics, sexual behaviour and risk
factors of female, male and transgender sex
workers in South Africa
National Sex Work Symposium
22 August 2012
Johannesburg
Marlise Richter, Matthew Chersich, Marleen Temmerman, Stanley
Luchters
International Centre for Reproductive Health, Ghent University
African Centre for Migration & Society,
Wits University
Marlise.richter@gmail.com
2. Background
• There is no estimation of sex worker numbers in South
Africa
– little is known about the characteristics and health needs of sex
workers in the country
• While some studies have focused on female sex workers in
urban centres in South Africa, Johannesburg, Pretoria, Cape
Town and Durban and to a lesser extent along transport
routes in KwaZulu-Natal and a gold mining area in the North
West Province, these studies are mostly a decade old.
• Male and transgender sex workers - very little information
available on these populations in Africa.
3. Background
• In 1998, HIV prevalence amongst different female sex worker
groups in South Africa ranged between 46% and 69%.
• In a 2004-2005 Durban study, 775 women at high risk for
HIV infection – 78.8% of whom self-identified as sex
workers – were screened, and 59.6% found to be HIV-
positive.
• More recent estimates of HIV burden in sex workers in
South Africa are not available.
• A recent meta-analysis emphasised the considerable risk that
HIV poses to sex workers
– They have about a 13-fold higher risk of acquiring HIV infection
compared to other women of reproductive age in low- and middle-
income countries.
4. Background
• Female condoms are one of few female-controlled HIV
prevention technologies available, with some female sex
workers even using them without clients’ knowledge.
• Acceptability of female condoms has been demonstrated in
South Africa, as has female condom reuse.
• Sex work activists have advocated for the greater availability
of female condoms in sex work settings, with little success.
• In 2010-2011, the National Department of Health
distributed:
– around 5 million female condoms (target: 6 million)
– half a billion male condoms distributed (target: 1 billion)
5. Methods
• Self-identified female, male and transgender sex workers in
Hillbrow, Sandton, Rustenburg and Cape Town were
interviewed by trained sex worker research assistants during
May–September 2010.
• University-based researchers collaborated with the Sex
Worker Education and Advocacy Taskforce (SWEAT) and
Sisonke Sex Worker Movement.
• Women, men and transgender sex workers (defined as
‘having exchange of sexual services for financial reward’) 18
years and above were eligible for participation.
• Questionnaires were translated from English into isiZulu,
isiXhosa, Afrikaans and Setswana.
• The study was approved by the University of the
Witwatersrand Human Research Ethics Committee
(Protocol number H100304).
7. Results (socio-demographic)
• Participants were a mean 30 years old
• Just over half of female (53.7%; 878/1636) and male (55.3%;
48/87) participants, and just more than a third of transgender
people (37.9%; 22/58), were born in South Africa.
• A third of females (555/1626), a quarter of males (21/87) and
15.8% (9/57) of transgender participants noted that they had
a ‘husband/permanent partner/boyfriend or girlfriend’
(P=0.003).
• Females were responsible for a median of 4 adult and/or
child dependents – double that of male or transgender
participants (P<0.001).
• Age of sex work debut was similar across the genders, an
average of about 24 years: females 24.2 (SD=5.3), males 23.6
(SD=4.5) and transgender 24.3 years (SD=5.0).
• More than 40% of all participants had been in sex work for
more than five years
8. Results (Sexual behaviour, condom & alcohol-use)
• Median number of clients in the week preceding study
enrolment:
– 12 for females
– 10 for males
– 8 for transgender
• More women had penetrative sex with last client (92.1%;
1 522/1653) than males (81.6%; 71/87; P<0.001) or
transgender people (81.4%; 48/59; P<0.001)
• Women were less likely to have unprotected sex:
• only 5.5% (82/1 498) of women had unprotected sex with last client
in contrast to
• 27.5% (19/69; P=0.01) of men, and
• 20.0% (9/45; P<0.001) of transgender people.
• In a multivariate analysis of factors associated with
unprotected anal/vaginal sex with last clients, males were 2.9
times (AOR, 95%CI=1.6-5.3; P<0.001) more likely, and
transgender people 2.4 times (AOR, 95%CI 1.1-4.9; P=0.021)
more likely than females to have unprotected sex.
9. Results (Sexual behaviour, condom & alcohol-use)
• In univariate analysis, having fewer dependants was associated
with unprotected sex.
• Sex workers in Cape Town were 5.5 times (AOR, 95%CI
3.0-10.0; P<0.001), those in Rustenburg 2.9 times (AOR, 1.6-
5.3; P<0.001) and those in Sandton 2.7 times (AOR 95%CI
1.4-5.1; P=0.04) more likely to engage in unprotected sex
than their counterparts in Hillbrow.
• About a fifth of females (284/1566), a third (16/54) of
transgender people and over 40% (34/82) of males reported
daily binge drinking.
• More than 40.0% of females (651/1603) were drunk during
sex with last client in comparison to 59.7% of males (49/82)
and 66.1% (37/56) of transgender people.
• Participants who reported daily or weekly binge drinking
were 2.1 fold (95%CI 1.2-3.7; P=0.011) more like than those
who never engaged in binge drinking, to have unprotected
sex.
10. Results (Female condoms)
• Just less than half of female participants had ever used a
female condom (446/1 006).
• Of these,
– close to a third (116/413) “liked” female condoms, and
– almost half (189/413) “liked them a lot” (data not shown). Only 7.5%
(31/413) disliked female condoms”, with
– 77/413 (18.6%) being neutral.
• Among those female participants who did not use female
condoms and provided reasons for non-use,
– a fifth each noted that they had never been given female condoms
(99/560),
– did not know how to use them (111/560) or
– did not like them (129/560).
• A tenth each noted either they are unfamiliar with female
condoms (66/560) or that clients preclude use (47/560).
•
11. Discussion
• Sex work was the major livelihood strategy adopted by the
study populations:
– more than 40% had been in the industry for more than five years,
approximately two thirds were full-time sex workers, while over a
third had no other work experience prior to entering sex work.
• When comparing full-time sex workers’ income with data
from Statistics South Africa on monthly earnings by occupation,
sex workers in this study were earning more than clerks,
sales and services, crafts and related trades, and up to six
times more than domestic workers
• This is pertinent for some ideology-based health and social
interventions aiming to ‘rehabilitate’ sex workers or focus
solely on ‘exit programmes’
12. Discussion
• Less than half (44.3%) of female participants had ever used a
female condom.
– Of these, three quarters were in favour of female condoms.
• Studies in China and Cambodia have shown that female
condom promotion with female sex workers have increased
its acceptability and use, while a study with female sex
workers in rural Mpumalanga showed female condoms to be
highly cost-effective.
• As a female-controlled HIV prevention strategy, this should
be a vital component of sex work interventions.
13. Discussion
• It is of concern that males were 2.9 times more likely, and
transgender people 2.4 times more likely than female sex
workers to engage in unprotected sex.
– This could be a reflection of the dearth of programmes focusing on
males and transgender people within the sex industry in South
Africa or the general lack of information on anal sex, and is an area
for action.
• Of all participants, 27.0% had unprotected sex when engaged
in anal intercourse with last client – the most risky sex act
for acquiring HIV and other STIs.
• Public health interventions with female, male and transgender
sex workers and their clients should emphasise the risks
associated with anal sex and ensure that condoms and
lubrication are accessible and feely available within the sex
industry.
14. Discussion
• Sex workers in the Sandton, Rustenburg and Cape Town
sites were significantly more likely to engage in unprotected
sex than those situated within Hillbrow.
• Hillbrow had the only sex work-specific clinic and mobile
outreach clinical services for sex workers in South Africa at
the time of the study.
– A cadre of sex work peer educators disseminate information and
condoms within hotels and clubs from where sex workers operate,
while a male community health worker provides HIV/STI education
and referrals to clients within bars and nightclubs.
• This model should be duplicated in other areas of sex work
concentration in South Africa.
15. Limitations
• The study included self-reported data only and was based on
a non-random sampling design.
– Surveys were, however, conducted by trained peer interviewers,
which may have reduced the social-desirability bias in respondents’
answers.
• Some data were missing on questionnaires
• Almost all peer interviewers were female, which may have
impacted on the number of male and transgender
participants approached for participation.
• Selected research sites included two urban centres and one
semi-rural site adjacent to a mine and were purposively
selected, based on the presence of sex worker advocacy
groups and peer education work.
• Although we selected three cities aiming to obtain data on
diverse sex work settings, these findings may not apply to
other sex work areas in South Africa.
16. Conclusions
• In conclusion, sex workers remain at high risk of HIV and
other STIs in South Africa.
• This risk has been acknowledged by South African HIV/AIDS
policies and sex work-specific programmes proposed since
the first National AIDS Plan in 1994, but yet little action has
been taken.
• The ‘National Strategic Plan for HIV and AIDS, STIs and TB,
2012-2016’ contains a number of sex work-specific health
and non-discrimination provisions, and should be
implemented as a matter of urgency.
17. Acknowledgements
• Funding for this study was provided by UNFPA and Atlantic
Philanthropies.
• We would like to thank the Sex Worker Education and Advocacy
Taskforce (SWEAT) and the Sisonke Sex Worker Movements for
guidance and logistical support, and the research assistants for hard
work during data collection.
• The technical and logistical support of the African Centre for
Migration & Society and the Centre for Health Policy, Wits
University and their students was key in the conceptualisation and
development of the project, as well as the assistance of the Sex
Work Project, Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute within
Hillbrow.
• Special thanks for the input and support of Dudu Ndlovu, Jo Vearey,
Dianne Massawe, Carolin Kueppers, Tom Considine, Fiona Scorgie,
Elsa Oliveira, Agnieszka Flak, Marc Lewis, Ingrid Palmary, Richard
Steen, Gerrit Maritz, Francois Venter and Ziad El-Khatib.