3. Eukaryotic spore bearing protists that lack chlorophyll
It consists yeasts and molds
Yeasts : Unicellular Fungi
Molds : Filamentous Fungi
Reproduction : Sexually and Asexually
Exist as saprophytes, Parasites or in beneficial association with plants
(mycorrhizae),algae (Lichens)
Mycology : Study of fungi
FUNGI
4. MOLD
• The body of fungus is called Thallus.
• The Thallus of most multicellular fungi consists of a mycelium.
• Mycelium is a loosely organized mass of thread like structures called
Hyphae
a) The portion of hyphae that obtains Nutrients is called the
vegetative hyphae.
b) The portion of a Hyphae concerned with reproduction is the
Reprodutive or Aerial hyphae.
5. YEAST
• Yeast is a Unicellular, non-filamentous that has a single Nucleus.
• Generally, yeast cells are larger than bacteria, vary in size, and are commonly
Spherical to Oval shaped.
• Yeast can be taken as a vitamin.
• 10 to20 yeast cells could fit on the end of a piece of hair.
6.
7. Characteristics Mold Yeast
Reproduction Sexual and Asexual Budding
Cellular nature multicellular Unicellular
Examples Aspergillus, Fusarium, Mucor, Penicillium,
Rhizopus, Trichophyton,
Saccharomyces cerevisiae,
Cryptococcus neoformans
Aerobic/Anaerobic Molds grow only in aerobic
conditions.
Yeast can grow in aerobic
as well as in anaerobic
conditions.
Spore Mold is a sporing fungus
Yeast is a not a sporing
species of fungi.
8. Characteristics Mold yeast
Colour on culture medium Black, Green, White and
Orange
Creamy White colour
Shape Can be found in various
shapes
Oval shape
Number of species More than 1000 species More than 1500 species
pseudohyphae Absent present
Plant diseases Pathogenic to plants Non – pathogenic to plants
9. Characteristics Mold Yeast
mycotoxin Present Absent
Habitat Air, soil, moisture rich food and
substances
Fruits like grape
Incubation period
3 days
1 or 2 days
Human infection Respiratory infection, Skin
infection, Hair and Nail infection Urinary tract infection, Kidney
damage
Waste water treatment Involved in waste water
treatment
Not-Involved in waste water
treatment
Industrial application Bioethanol production,
Antibiotics production,
Amino acid production &
Organic acid production
Bioethanol production,
Bread making,
Bear and wine production.
