The document summarizes Paleolithic cave paintings from the Altamira and Lascaux caves in Europe that were made between 30,000-10,000 BC during the Old Stone Age. These paintings depicted bison and deer in great detail and revealed aspects of the people's survival and relationship with animals at that time. Other Paleolithic art included rock carvings and stone monuments across Europe and parts of Asia. The document then discusses art of the early Egyptian civilization including pyramid tombs built as burial places for pharaohs starting around 2600 BC, as well as sculptures depicting royalty and painted images on tomb walls telling stories of the pharaohs' lives.

1. Ballenger
Visual Art Appreciation

2.  The Paleolithic period was believed to have lasted
from 30,000-10,000 B.C.
 This period was also called the Old Stone Age.

4.  Cave Paintings of Altamira and Lascaux
 Very detailed and advanced
 The first and probably earliest artwork found. (Not the
first ever done).
 Figures 6.2 & 6.3
 Cave paintings were used in hunting rituals.
 These paintings revealed a lot about the survival of
people during this time.
 What do these paintings reveal?
 What other artworks have archeologists found that
reveal something about the people of the Paleolithic
Period.

5.  Altamira: on the ceiling, Bison. Located near
Santilliana, Spain
 Lascaux located in the Dordogne region of Southern
France.
 These paintings were found by an archeologist
Marcelino de Sautuola and his 5 year old daughter.

6.  16 bison grouped in the center of the ceiling.
 Shades of red, brown and black.
 5 to 6.5 feet long deer.
 Knowledge and affection for the animals.
 Artistic instinct.

7.  Rock carvings throughout England, Spain, France,
Germany, Malta and the Canary Islands
 Fig. 6.6

8.  Large monuments created from huge stone slabs.
 Europe, India, Asia, and America.

9.  England, 2000 B.C.
 Large ring of stones with three progressively smaller
rings within.
 Outer ring nearly 100 ft. in diameter.
 Tallest over 17 ft. and 50 tons.
 Built using post and lintel construction methods.

11.  Read Chapter 7 in Art in Focus.
 According to your book, hunters and their families
settled in the valley of the Nile River.
 Pharaoh: a ruler who governed with complete
authority.
 Dynasty: a period during which a single family
provided a succession of rulers.

12.  The Pyramid of Khufu fig.7.4
 Covers an area of 13 acres.
 Made by piling 2.3 Million blocks of stone to a height
of 480 feet.
 Built on almost perfectly square ground plan.
 Pyramid were basically built as the resting place for the
pharaoh.

13.  Ka: believed to be the soul of the pharaoh.
 Pharaohs were embalmed, rapped in cloth, and placed
in a tomb inside Pyramid (the mastaba).
 Sarcophagus: a stone coffin.
 Pharaoh was buried with the treasures he would take
with him from this world to the next.

14.  Mastaba: low flat tomb.
 Sloping sides
 Chapel
 False burial chamber
 True burial

15.  Decades
 Thousands of workers
 Limestone block stones, 2.5 tons.

16.  Built by command of the Pharaoh
 Dedicated to favorite god or gods
 Became funeral chapel at death of Pharaoh
 People brought offerings for the Pharaoh’s Ka

17.  Karnak
 Chief god of Thebes fig. 7.6

20.  The great Sphinx
 Head of Pharaoh Khafre
 Body of lion
 65 feet high
 Fig. 7.8

21.  Symbolism fig.7.8
 Seated
 Idealized and generic
 Inscribed with symbols proclaiming him as king.
 His right hand forms a fist.
 He wears a falcon on his head and it represents Horus,
which is the god of the sky.

22.  1360 b.c., fig. 7.11
 Feeling of authority

23.  Methethy With His Daughter and Son Figure 7.12,
page 159 in your book.
 Notice the style that the body is drawn: Head, arms,
legs and feet in profile while the shoulders and eye are
shown as seen from the front.

24.  Shown from the most familiar point of view.
 All parts of the body clearly shown in honor of dead.
 No hidden limbs.
 It was believed that limbs must all be present in their
artworks, or the ka would have to enter afterlife
without all their limbs.

25.  Coating of plaster on walls and cliffs of tombs
 Lines: horizontal and vertical
 Figures and animals
 Painted with little shading
 Telling stories from the Pharaoh’s life