1) This document contains information about forces, pressure, liquid pressure, Archimedes' principle, and Bernoulli's principle from a physics textbook. It includes definitions, concepts, equations, examples, and problems.
2) Key concepts covered include how pressure is calculated from force and area, factors that influence pressure in liquids like depth and dam construction, buoyancy, density, and how principles like Pascal's law, Archimedes' principle, and Bernoulli's principle explain related phenomena.
3) The document provides detailed explanations, calculations, and diagrams as part of the questions and answers to illustrate and test understanding of these important physics principles.
Teknik menjawab Fizik SPM 2... more detailCikgu Pejal
1. The document provides information about the Physics Paper 2 workshop, including analysis of past year essay questions from 2004-2010. 2. It outlines the format of Sections B and C of the paper, including the constructs assessed, marking schemes, and example questions. 3. Guidelines are given for conceptualization in Section B and decision making in Section C, with examples of answers and marking schemes provided.
This document defines various physical quantities and concepts related to physics. It discusses base and derived quantities, scalar and vector quantities, errors in measurement, distance, displacement, speed, velocity, mass, acceleration, momentum, forces, work, energy, power, elasticity, Hooke's law, conservation principles, and key concepts related to forces and motion, heat, light, and pressure. Key principles defined include Newton's laws of motion, gas laws, laws of reflection and refraction, Archimedes' principle, and Pascal's principle.
This document provides tips and strategies for answering the three papers of the SPM Physics examination in Malaysia. It outlines the format, cognitive domains, and recommended time allocation for each paper. For paper 1, it emphasizes completing all objective questions within the time limit by focusing first on easier questions. For paper 2, it recommends strategies for each section including spending most time on Section A. For paper 3, it describes the two parts and stresses the importance of including all required elements in the experimental description for Section B. The document aims to help students maximize their scores by understanding the examination format and employing effective techniques.
1. The document describes an experiment to investigate how the period of a simple pendulum varies with its length. It was found that the longer the pendulum, the longer its period of oscillation.
2. An experiment is described to study how the velocity of a trolley varies with the angle of inclination of a plane. It was found that a higher angle of incline results in a higher velocity.
3. Two experiments are presented to demonstrate inertia - using a saw blade and masses, and using an inertia balance. Both found that objects with larger masses have greater inertia.
The document provides a summary of mathematics formulae for Form 4 students. It includes:
1) Common functions and their derivatives such as absolute value, inverse, quadratic, and fractional functions.
2) Key concepts in algebra including the quadratic formula, nature of roots, and forming quadratic equations from roots.
3) Essential statistics measures like mean, median, variance, and standard deviation.
4) Formulas for coordinate geometry topics like distance, gradient, parallel and perpendicular lines, and locus equations.
5) Rules for differentiation including algebraic, fractional, and chain rule.
Answering questions technique physics spm paper 3firdaus_mfm
This document provides guidance on answering questions for the Physics SPM paper. It discusses the format and scoring criteria for Section A questions. Section A typically contains 2 questions assessing identification of variables, data tabulation from an experiment, drawing and analyzing a graph, and stating relationships. Scoring rubrics are provided for the table and graph. Section B contains 1 essay question assessing identification of variables in an experiment, writing a hypothesis and aim, and listing materials. The document emphasizes writing technique for experiments and provides examples of questions and responses.
Teknik menjawab Fizik SPM 2... more detailCikgu Pejal
1. The document provides information about the Physics Paper 2 workshop, including analysis of past year essay questions from 2004-2010. 2. It outlines the format of Sections B and C of the paper, including the constructs assessed, marking schemes, and example questions. 3. Guidelines are given for conceptualization in Section B and decision making in Section C, with examples of answers and marking schemes provided.
This document defines various physical quantities and concepts related to physics. It discusses base and derived quantities, scalar and vector quantities, errors in measurement, distance, displacement, speed, velocity, mass, acceleration, momentum, forces, work, energy, power, elasticity, Hooke's law, conservation principles, and key concepts related to forces and motion, heat, light, and pressure. Key principles defined include Newton's laws of motion, gas laws, laws of reflection and refraction, Archimedes' principle, and Pascal's principle.
This document provides tips and strategies for answering the three papers of the SPM Physics examination in Malaysia. It outlines the format, cognitive domains, and recommended time allocation for each paper. For paper 1, it emphasizes completing all objective questions within the time limit by focusing first on easier questions. For paper 2, it recommends strategies for each section including spending most time on Section A. For paper 3, it describes the two parts and stresses the importance of including all required elements in the experimental description for Section B. The document aims to help students maximize their scores by understanding the examination format and employing effective techniques.
1. The document describes an experiment to investigate how the period of a simple pendulum varies with its length. It was found that the longer the pendulum, the longer its period of oscillation.
2. An experiment is described to study how the velocity of a trolley varies with the angle of inclination of a plane. It was found that a higher angle of incline results in a higher velocity.
3. Two experiments are presented to demonstrate inertia - using a saw blade and masses, and using an inertia balance. Both found that objects with larger masses have greater inertia.
The document provides a summary of mathematics formulae for Form 4 students. It includes:
1) Common functions and their derivatives such as absolute value, inverse, quadratic, and fractional functions.
2) Key concepts in algebra including the quadratic formula, nature of roots, and forming quadratic equations from roots.
3) Essential statistics measures like mean, median, variance, and standard deviation.
4) Formulas for coordinate geometry topics like distance, gradient, parallel and perpendicular lines, and locus equations.
5) Rules for differentiation including algebraic, fractional, and chain rule.
Answering questions technique physics spm paper 3firdaus_mfm
This document provides guidance on answering questions for the Physics SPM paper. It discusses the format and scoring criteria for Section A questions. Section A typically contains 2 questions assessing identification of variables, data tabulation from an experiment, drawing and analyzing a graph, and stating relationships. Scoring rubrics are provided for the table and graph. Section B contains 1 essay question assessing identification of variables in an experiment, writing a hypothesis and aim, and listing materials. The document emphasizes writing technique for experiments and provides examples of questions and responses.
This document provides guidance on answering subjective physics questions in the SPM paper 2 exam. It discusses the following:
1) The 3 sections of the exam - Section A has 8 questions worth 60 marks to be answered in 90 minutes. Section B has 2 questions worth 20 marks each to be answered in 30 minutes. Section C has 2 questions worth 20 marks each also to be answered in 30 minutes.
2) Types of questions in each section - Section A focuses on knowledge, understanding and application. Section B involves conceptualizing. Section C requires problem solving or decision making.
3) Strategies for answering questions effectively such as reading the question multiple times and highlighting key words, answering questions
Here are the calculations to complete Hyeri's financial plan:
FINANCIAL PLANS
INCOME AND EXPENDITURE FINANCIAL PLAN (RM)
Net income
Net salary 8500
Passive income (rent received) 600
Total monthly income P = 9100
Minus fixed monthly savings 850
Minus savings for emergency fund 200
Income balance Q = 8050
Minus monthly fixed expenses
Housing loan installment 1800
Car installment 900
Total monthly fixed expenses R = 2700
Minus monthly variable expenses
Children's education 500
Petrol expenses 400
Utility bills 300
Telephone bills 200
Groceries 800
Gym 100
Travel 200
Total Monthly Variable Expenses
The document provides an overview of key physics equations and concepts for Form 4 students, including equations for relative deviation, prefixes, units for area and volume, equations for average speed, velocity, acceleration, momentum, Newton's laws of motion, and impulse. Key graphs such as displacement-time and velocity-time graphs are also explained. The document serves as an introduction and review of fundamental physics topics.
This document provides study materials for the Additional Mathematics SPM examination. It contains one-page notes and worksheets for 10 topics in Additional Mathematics, including functions. The purpose is to help both students and teachers master the concepts through compact graphics and intensive practice exercises. Doing practice questions and understanding concepts are emphasized as important for student success on the SPM exam.
Susunan ayat biasa dan susunan ayat songsangHT Hong
Ayat dalam bahasa Melayu dapat disusun dalam dua cara, yaitu susunan biasa dan susunan songsang. Susunan biasa mempunyai subjek diikuti predikat, sedangkan susunan songsang mempunyai predikat diikuti subjek. Kedua susunan tersebut memiliki makna yang sama meskipun berbeda penekanannya. Ayat songsang dibentuk dari ayat biasa dengan cara mendepankan seluruh atau sebagian predikat.
Chemical formulae, equations, calculations, and reactions are summarized. Molar mass, moles, volume, and molarity calculations are explained for gases, solids, liquids, and solutions. Common cationic and anionic symbols are listed. Formulae for molecules and ions are provided. Periodic trends and reactions of Groups 1 and 17 are summarized. Electrochemistry principles of electrolytes, discharge reactions, and test observations are condensed. Characteristics of acids, bases, and ionization are highlighted. Solubility, preparation, color, and effects of heating for various salts are summarized concisely.
The document summarizes experiments on various wave phenomena including:
- Water wave reflection showing the angle of reflection equals the angle of incidence.
- Water wave refraction as waves pass from deep to shallow water, decreasing wavelength.
- Sound wave reflection also showing the equality of incident and reflection angles.
- Light wave diffraction seen through single slits of varying widths, showing diffraction patterns.
- Sound and light wave interference seen as alternating loud/soft bands and bright/dark fringes.
This document contains mathematical formulas and concepts from algebra, calculus, geometry, trigonometry, and statistics. Some key points include:
- Formulas for addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of algebraic expressions.
- Rules for differentiation, integration, and limits in calculus.
- Formulas for triangle properties like area, distance between points, and midpoint.
- Trigonometric identities for sine, cosine, and tangent functions of single and summed angles.
- Statistical concepts like mean, standard deviation, binomial distribution, and normal distribution.
Tekanan atmosfera dan berbagai unit pengukurannya dijelaskan dalam dokumen ini, termasuk barometer raksa dan bagaimana tekanan atmosfera berkurang dengan kenaikan ketinggian. Berbagai contoh soal juga diberikan untuk mendemonstrasikan pengaruh tekanan atmosfera.
BAHASA MELAYU STPM - hipotesis asal bahasa melayusaadiah alidrus
Dokumen tersebut membahas hipotesis tempat asal bahasa Melayu, antara lain dari Asia Tengah dan dari Nusantara. Teori Von Heine-Geldern menyatakan bahwa peradaban Melayu-Proton dan Melayu-Deutro bermula 2500 SM dan 1500 SM di Asia Tenggara. Bukti bahasa dan budaya juga menunjukkan bahwa bahasa Melayu berasal dari Nusantara, khususnya Indonesia bagian barat.
This document discusses Newton's Second Law of motion. It provides examples of how to use the equation F=ma to solve problems involving force, mass and acceleration. Students are instructed to carry out an experiment investigating the relationships between acceleration, force and mass using friction-compensated trolleys on an inclined runway. They are to create graphs showing the relationships and analyze the results.
This document is a marking scheme for an Additional Mathematics paper consisting of 25 questions. It provides the solutions, working and marks allocated for each question. The marking scheme is broken down question by question with the key steps shown. Marks are awarded for method (M), answer (A) and working (W). The highest total mark for a question is indicated. The marking scheme is 6 pages for paper 1 and 10 pages for paper 2, guiding examiners on how to consistently and fairly award marks for students' responses.
This document contains notes on additional mathematics including topics on progression, linear laws, integration, and vectors. Some key points:
- It discusses arithmetic and geometric progressions, defining the terms and formulas for finding terms and sums. Examples are worked through finding terms, sums, and differences between sums.
- Linear laws are explained including lines of best fit, converting between linear and non-linear forms using logarithms, and working through examples of finding equations from graphs.
- Integration techniques are outlined including formulas for integrals of powers, areas under and between curves, volumes of revolution, and the basic rules of integration. Worked examples find areas and volumes.
- Vectors are introduced including addition using the triangle
This document contains a physics test with 30 multiple choice questions covering various concepts including pressure, forces, buoyancy, and fluids. It includes diagrams and information related to each question. The test is divided into two sections - Section A contains the questions and answer sheet, while Section B contains longer multi-part questions requiring calculations. Some example questions cover topics like the relationship between load and spring extension, impact speed of an object falling from a height, pressure exerted by fluids at different depths, and buoyant forces on objects submerged in water.
This document contains a question paper for a mechanical engineering exam with 60 multiple choice questions covering various topics in mechanical engineering. The questions cover topics such as thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, materials, manufacturing processes, and mechanics of materials. The exam is 2 hours long with questions 1-40 worth 2 marks each and questions 41-60 worth 1 mark each, for a total of 100 marks.
This document provides guidance on answering subjective physics questions in the SPM paper 2 exam. It discusses the following:
1) The 3 sections of the exam - Section A has 8 questions worth 60 marks to be answered in 90 minutes. Section B has 2 questions worth 20 marks each to be answered in 30 minutes. Section C has 2 questions worth 20 marks each also to be answered in 30 minutes.
2) Types of questions in each section - Section A focuses on knowledge, understanding and application. Section B involves conceptualizing. Section C requires problem solving or decision making.
3) Strategies for answering questions effectively such as reading the question multiple times and highlighting key words, answering questions
Here are the calculations to complete Hyeri's financial plan:
FINANCIAL PLANS
INCOME AND EXPENDITURE FINANCIAL PLAN (RM)
Net income
Net salary 8500
Passive income (rent received) 600
Total monthly income P = 9100
Minus fixed monthly savings 850
Minus savings for emergency fund 200
Income balance Q = 8050
Minus monthly fixed expenses
Housing loan installment 1800
Car installment 900
Total monthly fixed expenses R = 2700
Minus monthly variable expenses
Children's education 500
Petrol expenses 400
Utility bills 300
Telephone bills 200
Groceries 800
Gym 100
Travel 200
Total Monthly Variable Expenses
The document provides an overview of key physics equations and concepts for Form 4 students, including equations for relative deviation, prefixes, units for area and volume, equations for average speed, velocity, acceleration, momentum, Newton's laws of motion, and impulse. Key graphs such as displacement-time and velocity-time graphs are also explained. The document serves as an introduction and review of fundamental physics topics.
This document provides study materials for the Additional Mathematics SPM examination. It contains one-page notes and worksheets for 10 topics in Additional Mathematics, including functions. The purpose is to help both students and teachers master the concepts through compact graphics and intensive practice exercises. Doing practice questions and understanding concepts are emphasized as important for student success on the SPM exam.
Susunan ayat biasa dan susunan ayat songsangHT Hong
Ayat dalam bahasa Melayu dapat disusun dalam dua cara, yaitu susunan biasa dan susunan songsang. Susunan biasa mempunyai subjek diikuti predikat, sedangkan susunan songsang mempunyai predikat diikuti subjek. Kedua susunan tersebut memiliki makna yang sama meskipun berbeda penekanannya. Ayat songsang dibentuk dari ayat biasa dengan cara mendepankan seluruh atau sebagian predikat.
Chemical formulae, equations, calculations, and reactions are summarized. Molar mass, moles, volume, and molarity calculations are explained for gases, solids, liquids, and solutions. Common cationic and anionic symbols are listed. Formulae for molecules and ions are provided. Periodic trends and reactions of Groups 1 and 17 are summarized. Electrochemistry principles of electrolytes, discharge reactions, and test observations are condensed. Characteristics of acids, bases, and ionization are highlighted. Solubility, preparation, color, and effects of heating for various salts are summarized concisely.
The document summarizes experiments on various wave phenomena including:
- Water wave reflection showing the angle of reflection equals the angle of incidence.
- Water wave refraction as waves pass from deep to shallow water, decreasing wavelength.
- Sound wave reflection also showing the equality of incident and reflection angles.
- Light wave diffraction seen through single slits of varying widths, showing diffraction patterns.
- Sound and light wave interference seen as alternating loud/soft bands and bright/dark fringes.
This document contains mathematical formulas and concepts from algebra, calculus, geometry, trigonometry, and statistics. Some key points include:
- Formulas for addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of algebraic expressions.
- Rules for differentiation, integration, and limits in calculus.
- Formulas for triangle properties like area, distance between points, and midpoint.
- Trigonometric identities for sine, cosine, and tangent functions of single and summed angles.
- Statistical concepts like mean, standard deviation, binomial distribution, and normal distribution.
Tekanan atmosfera dan berbagai unit pengukurannya dijelaskan dalam dokumen ini, termasuk barometer raksa dan bagaimana tekanan atmosfera berkurang dengan kenaikan ketinggian. Berbagai contoh soal juga diberikan untuk mendemonstrasikan pengaruh tekanan atmosfera.
BAHASA MELAYU STPM - hipotesis asal bahasa melayusaadiah alidrus
Dokumen tersebut membahas hipotesis tempat asal bahasa Melayu, antara lain dari Asia Tengah dan dari Nusantara. Teori Von Heine-Geldern menyatakan bahwa peradaban Melayu-Proton dan Melayu-Deutro bermula 2500 SM dan 1500 SM di Asia Tenggara. Bukti bahasa dan budaya juga menunjukkan bahwa bahasa Melayu berasal dari Nusantara, khususnya Indonesia bagian barat.
This document discusses Newton's Second Law of motion. It provides examples of how to use the equation F=ma to solve problems involving force, mass and acceleration. Students are instructed to carry out an experiment investigating the relationships between acceleration, force and mass using friction-compensated trolleys on an inclined runway. They are to create graphs showing the relationships and analyze the results.
This document is a marking scheme for an Additional Mathematics paper consisting of 25 questions. It provides the solutions, working and marks allocated for each question. The marking scheme is broken down question by question with the key steps shown. Marks are awarded for method (M), answer (A) and working (W). The highest total mark for a question is indicated. The marking scheme is 6 pages for paper 1 and 10 pages for paper 2, guiding examiners on how to consistently and fairly award marks for students' responses.
This document contains notes on additional mathematics including topics on progression, linear laws, integration, and vectors. Some key points:
- It discusses arithmetic and geometric progressions, defining the terms and formulas for finding terms and sums. Examples are worked through finding terms, sums, and differences between sums.
- Linear laws are explained including lines of best fit, converting between linear and non-linear forms using logarithms, and working through examples of finding equations from graphs.
- Integration techniques are outlined including formulas for integrals of powers, areas under and between curves, volumes of revolution, and the basic rules of integration. Worked examples find areas and volumes.
- Vectors are introduced including addition using the triangle
This document contains a physics test with 30 multiple choice questions covering various concepts including pressure, forces, buoyancy, and fluids. It includes diagrams and information related to each question. The test is divided into two sections - Section A contains the questions and answer sheet, while Section B contains longer multi-part questions requiring calculations. Some example questions cover topics like the relationship between load and spring extension, impact speed of an object falling from a height, pressure exerted by fluids at different depths, and buoyant forces on objects submerged in water.
This document contains a question paper for a mechanical engineering exam with 60 multiple choice questions covering various topics in mechanical engineering. The questions cover topics such as thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, materials, manufacturing processes, and mechanics of materials. The exam is 2 hours long with questions 1-40 worth 2 marks each and questions 41-60 worth 1 mark each, for a total of 100 marks.
This document contains solutions to practice well control questions from an IWCF student exercise book. It covers topics like calculating mud weight to balance formation pressure, circulating pressure calculations, well control principles like maintaining bottom hole pressure, and recognizing and responding to well kicks. Several questions involve calculating pressures using formation pressure gradients, mud weights, and well geometry. The document demonstrates how to apply well control equations to analyze drilling operations and well control situations.
This document contains the answers to a physics exam for Form 4 students in Malaysia.
Part 1 discusses forces, pressure, and Pascal's principle. Part 2 covers buoyant force and Archimedes' principle, calculating buoyant forces on different objects. Part 3 provides modifications and explanations for improving the design of a hot air balloon.
This document contains a 25 question multiple choice test on hydrogeology. It tests knowledge of topics like groundwater flow maps, drinking water standards, well development, aquifer characteristics, drilling methods, types of wells, groundwater investigation techniques, Darcy's law, and more. The questions are in a standard multiple choice format with a single correct answer out of 4 options for each question.
This document contains a 39 question physics exam on pressure. The questions cover topics like gas pressure, atmospheric pressure, pressure in liquids, and how pressure is affected by force and area. Multiple choice answers are provided for each question testing understanding of key pressure concepts. The document also provides the grade boundaries needed to achieve different exam scores.
The document discusses key concepts in fluid mechanics including:
- Hydrostatic pressure and how pressure increases with depth in a static fluid.
- Buoyancy and Archimedes' principle relating buoyant forces to fluid displacement.
- Continuity equations and Bernoulli's equation describing conservation of energy and mass flow in fluids.
The document discusses various physics concepts related to forces, pressure, density and motion. It includes sample exam questions and diagrams related to topics like aerodynamics, buoyancy, atmospheric pressure, hydraulics and more. Several questions analyze diagrams of situations involving forces and ask examinees to compare variables, identify relationships and explain physical phenomena based on key principles. Sample exam responses provide multi-step working to arrive at calculated values or rankings of concepts.
This document contains a passage about fluids and the properties of materials. It discusses concepts like terminal velocity, strain, fluid flow rates in pipes of different diameters, factors that affect wire extension, buoyancy, surface tension, pressure, and viscosity. It provides examples and questions to test understanding of these concepts. The key ideas are that fluids and solids have measurable properties that influence how they behave, and understanding these properties can help explain and predict phenomena involving fluids and materials.
This document contains marking schemes for Physics papers from a mid-year exam for Form 5 students in Malaysian residential schools in 2007. It provides the answers and allocation of marks for multiple choice and structured questions. The marking schemes assess students' understanding of concepts in Physics, including optics, mechanics, electricity and waves. They also evaluate students' abilities to analyze data, draw graphs, state relationships and identify experimental precautions.
This document contains 60 multiple choice questions about hydraulics and fluid mechanics. The questions cover topics such as buoyancy, pressure, viscosity, flow, weirs, orifices, pipes, dimensional analysis, and more. The answers to each question are also provided.
1) The document contains 100 multiple choice questions about physics concepts like mechanics, forces, pressure, buoyancy, rotational motion, and more.
2) Sample questions include calculating pressure, forces, densities, velocities, and accelerations in various scenarios involving objects like tires, boats, ice cubes, and cars.
3) The questions have a single correct answer choice for each, with the goal being to apply physics equations and reasoning to arrive at the right solution.
This document contains a marking scheme for a physics exam with several sections:
1. Common mistakes and misconceptions made by students on physical quantities, terms, and concepts.
2. Examples of student misconceptions and the correct answers.
3. Reminders about proper data tabulation format.
This document provides study material for fluid mechanics and machinery coaching for the GATE and IES exams. It covers topics like fluid properties, pressure measurement devices, flow measurement devices, and flow through pipes. Specifically, it provides 15 practice problems related to fluid properties and pressure measurement devices in Week 1, and 15 problems related to flow measurement devices and flow through pipes in Weeks 2 and 3. The problems cover concepts like viscosity, pressure, flow rate measurement, head loss, friction factors, and pipe flow.
1) The document discusses fluid mechanics concepts covered on the AP Physics B exam including hydrostatic pressure, buoyancy, Bernoulli's equation, and the equation of continuity.
2) It provides examples of problems involving pressure, buoyancy, density, and fluid flow. Problems calculate pressure at different depths, tensions in cables, and the minimum mass needed for an object to sink.
3) Key fluid mechanics principles explained include how pressure increases with depth, Archimedes' principle of buoyancy, and Pascal's principle relating pressures within a fluid. Laminar and turbulent fluid flow are also briefly introduced.
The document discusses the selection of asbestos-cement pipes for use in buried pressure conduits. It covers several key points:
1) Asbestos-cement pipes can withstand internal pressures up to 1.4 MPa and are unaffected by corrosion, but proper design is needed to prevent damage.
2) The Marston-Schlick combined loading theory is used to determine internal and external pressures on pipes and properly select pipe strength. This theory accounts for both internal hydrostatic pressure and external loads.
3) External loads on buried pipes include weight of backfill material and potential superimposed loads. Marston's equations are provided to calculate external load values.
(1) The document discusses fluid dynamics concepts including density, pressure, buoyancy, continuity, and Bernoulli's equation. It provides conceptual explanations and sample calculations for comparing volumes and densities of objects, calculating buoyant forces, and relating pressure, velocity, and flow rates in pipes.
(2) One example calculates the force needed to lift a car using a hydraulic lift, where the pressure applied must be the same at both the large and small pistons.
(3) Another example uses continuity and Bernoulli's equations to relate the velocity and pressure of water flowing at different diameters in a pipe. It finds the velocity and pressure change when the pipe narrows.
This document contains 20 multiple choice questions related to mechanical engineering concepts and principles as well as general aptitude questions. Some of the engineering concepts covered include Newton's laws of viscosity, meta-centric height calculations, buoyancy force, Navier-Stokes equations, thermodynamic processes, refrigeration systems, and IC engines. The general aptitude questions cover topics like time and work calculations, percentages, series completion, and data interpretation.
This document is a 7-page exam for Form Four Biology in Physics. It contains 3 sections - A, B, and C. Section A has 10 multiple choice questions testing concepts like density, momentum, and circuits. Section B has longer answer questions on topics like buoyancy, forces, pressure, and sound. Section C requires answering one of two extended response questions, one on semiconductors and transistors and one on thermionic emission and X-rays. The exam provides constants that may be used and instructs students to write in blue/black ink, show work, and include their name on each page.
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit InnovationTechSoup
In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
Gender and Mental Health - Counselling and Family Therapy Applications and In...PsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
1. FIZIKMOZAC 2010
CHAPTER 3: FORCES & PRESSURE
ANSWER
3.1 PRESSURE
Question 1
(a) Pascal = Nm-2
(b) A = 800 x 2 x 10-3
= 1.6 m2
P = 500 = 312.5 Pa
1.6
(c) A sharp knife has a small surface
area. So it produce larger
pressure on the bread.
Question 2
(a) Pressure = force
area
(b) (i) balloon B
(ii) pressure on balloon B is
higher
(iii) the surface of the needle in
contact with the balloon is
smaller than the finger.
(iv) the smaller the surface
area, the larger the pressure
exerted on the balloon.
(v) Pressure increases
Question 3
(a) (i) The contact area between
the wheels in Diagram 6.2 is
larger
(ii) weight are equal
(b) Vehicle uses the wheels in
Diagram 6.2. Because it has
smaller pressure exerted on
the soft ground and will not
sink.
(c) Pressure
(d) 10 000 : 500
4A 2A
2,500 : 250
10 : 1
(e) When the air pressure inside
the wheel lower, the contact
area is larger so the pressure
on the ground is smaller
3.2 LIQUID PRESSURE
Question 4
(a)(i) The wall of a dam in Figure 4.2
is much thicker at the bottom
than at the top and withstand
the higher pressure at the
bottom of the lake.
(a)(ii) Pressure at B is higher than at
A
(b)(i) Dam in Diagram 5.2
(b)(ii) 1- When depth increases,
pressure increases.
2- Thicker at the base can
withstand high pressure.
(c)(i) Siphon system
(c)(ii) Diffrence in water level will
cause different in pressure
(c)(iii)
Question 5
(a) Depth / density / acceleration
due to gravity
(b)(i) PQ > P p
(b)(ii) PQ = h ρ g
= 5 x 1000 x 10
= 50000 Pa
(c)(i) Different in pressure
(c)(ii) Water level at P is same as the
water level in the house water
tank // pressure is the same
between at P and inside the
tank.
2. FIZIKMOZAC 2010
No difference in pressure
(d)(i) Place the concrete tank at
higher place // on top of hill
Higher difference of pressure.
or
Use water pump
Increase the difference of
pressure.
(d)(ii)
Question 6
(a)(i) Magnitude : same magnitude of
atmospheric pressure
Directions : atmospheric
pressure and mercury are in the
same direction //
gas pressure direction against
the direction of mercury and
atmospheric pressure //
atmospheric pressure acts
downwards
(a)(ii) Phg + Patm ,// P gas
(a)(iii) Same / equal
(b) Gas pressure = atmospheric
Pressure + mercury pressure
(c)(i) Mercury level drops and at
same level in both columns
(c)(ii) Same pressure // atmospheric
Pressure
3.4 PASCAL’S PRINCIPLE
Question 7
(a) Pascal’s principle
(b) Show the correct direction
(c) the liquid pressure in the main
brake cylinder and the small
brake cylinder are the
same/equal
1. 4
2
4
106105
15
F
2. F2 = 18 N
Question 8
(a) Pascal’s principle
(b) P = 5/2 = 2.5 Ncm-2
= 2.5 x 104
Nm-2
(c) Same pressure
(d) F2 = 2.5 x 5 = 12.5 N
(e) Liquid cannot be compressed
easily
3.5 ARCHIMEDES’ PRINCIPLE
Question 9
(a)(i) Archimedes principle
(a)(ii) upward: Buoyant force
Downward: weight of
Hydrometer
(b)(i) the length of hydrometer
submerged in oil is longer than
in water.
(b)(ii) Density of oil is less than water
(c)(i) Buoyant force = Wair - Wwater
= 0.25 – 0.22 = 0.03 N
(c)(ii) volume of object = volume of
water displaced
0.03 = 1000 x V x 10
V = 3 x 10-6
m3
Question 10
(a) Pacal
(b) Depth
(c) (i) Weight of water displaced =
buoyant force = ρVg
= 1010 x 2.5 x 10
= 25,250 N
(ii) Tension + buoyant force
= weight of object
T = 125,000 – 25,250
= 99,750 N
3. FIZIKMOZAC 2010
Question 11
(a) Mass per volume
(b) (i) Density sphere A less than
B
(ii) Weight A less than B
(iii) The weight of water
displaced by A less than B
(iv) Larger weight of sphere,
displaced bigger weight of
water
(v) Weight of water displaced =
up thrust //
When the weight of water
displaced increase, up thrust
increase
(c) Archimedes’ principle
(d) Submarine
Question 12
(a)(i) Same Volume
Net force zero
(a)(ii) Y < X < Z
(b)(i) Box Y floats and immersed
partially / box X immersed
fully and floats box Z sink
(b)(ii) Greater weight means
greater mass and greater
density.
The higher density object
needs more volume to
increase the buoyant force
to support the weight .
(c) Archimedes principle//
equilibrium of forces
Question 13
(a) Density is the mass per volume
(b)(i) Level of the boat is higher in
the sea than in the river. (the
part of boat submerged in the
sea is less than in the river)
(ii) Water displaced in the sea is
less than in the river.
(b)(iii) Density of sea water is higher
than river water.
(c)(i) The lower the density of water,
the greater /higher the volume
of water displaced.
(c)(ii) Weight of the boat = Weight of
the water displaced
(d) Archimedes’ principle
(e) Ballast tank filled by sea water
Weight of submarine > buoyant
force
Question 14
(a)(i) Function – for safety
purpose/To ensure the
maximum weight limit
(a)(ii) F = mg
= 7500 x 10
= 7.5 x 104
N
(a)(iii) The mark should be higher
than the sea water level
(a)(iv)
1. Density of sea water is denser
than the density of river water.
2. The volume of water displaced
increased when density of liquid
decrease
(b)(i) Up thrust = Weight
(b)(ii) Accelerates upwards or moves
Up wards
(b)(iii)
1. The weight of the air balloon is
decreased
2. Buoyant force /up thrust higher
than weight
3. The balloon experiences the
unbalanced force.
Question 15
(a)(i) Bernoulli’s principle
(a)(ii) Y
(b) The air moves with a high speed
(c)1. The atmospheric pressure
which is higher pushes the
liquid up through the narrow
tube.
4. FIZIKMOZAC 2010
2. The jet air will force the liquid
to be sprayed as fine spray
liquid
Question 16
(a)(i) Student mark at the same level
in tube - X,Y and Z-
(a)(ii) Atmospheric pressure
(b)(i) Water level in vertical tube P is
higher than in R and higher
than in P./hp > hR > hQ
(b)(ii) Bernoulli’s principle.
(b)(iii) P = hρg
= 0.15 x 1000 x 10
= 1500 Pa
Question 17
(a) Distance per time
(b) (i) Before: water levels are the
same and the roof stay
intact.
After : water levels are not
the same and the roof rise
up.
(b)(ii) Pressure above the roof is
higher compare to pressure
below
(b)(iii) Speed increases pressure
decreases or vice versa
(c) Bernoulli
(d)(i) Q is slower and R is faster
(d)(ii) Q is higher and R is lower
Question 18: Kedah 07
The depth of the water in Diagram
9.1 is higher than in Diagram 9.2
The water spurts out in Diagram
9.1 is at a higher rate than in
Diagram 9.2
The water spurts out further in
Diagram 9.1 than in Diagram 9.2
The deeper the water, the further
the distance of water spurt
The deeper the water, the higher
the pressure of the water
Question 19: Kedah 07
(a)
The pressure of water increases
with the depth of the water
The bubble expands upon
reaching the surface of the
water//The volume of air bubble
increases as the depth of water
decreases
(b)
Buoyant force increases as the
volume of the bubble increases
The air bubble moving with
increasing acceleration
(volume of air bubble = volume of
water displaced)
(Buoyant force is larger than the
weight of the air bubbles)
Question 20: Trengganu 07
A force is applied when you
squeezed at the bottom end of the
toothpaste tube
Pressure is applied to the
toothpaste (tube)
According to Pascal’s principle
The pressure is transmitted
equally to the whole tube
Question 21: Perak 07
High altitude low density of air
Less collision of molecules with
surface
Low altitude high density of air
More collision of molecules with
surface
Question 22:SBP 07
B is denser than A.
The weight of water displaced is
the same of the weight of the rod.
Weight of B is greater than weight
of A
B will displace more volume of
water
5. FIZIKMOZAC 2010
Question 23: Trengganu 07
The shape of the wing is aerofoil.
The shape of cross section of the
wing causes the speed of airflow
The air move faster than above
the wings than below the wing.
When the speed of moving air is
higher ,the pressure is lower
Hence air pressure below the
wings is higher compare to above
the wings
there is difference in pressure
which produce an upward
resultant force.
Bernoulli’s principle
Question 24: Teknik 07
(a)
Buoyant Force : Force experience
when an object totally or partly
immersed into the liquid
(b)
Density of the gas inside the
balloon less dense then air
Air is displaced by the balloon
and produced buoyant force
The buoyant force is larger than
the weight of the balloon and
load and it rises up.
When the buoyant force is equal
to weight of balloon and load, it
will float still.
(c) Quantitative problem:
(i) Resultant force = 250 – 5
= 245 N
(ii) Use F=ma
245 = 5 a
a = 49 ms-2
(iii) air resistance is zero
Characteristics Reason
Used helium
gas
Its light/less dense
then air
Mass of load is
20 kg
Total weight of
balloon and the
load equal to
buoyant force
Tension allowed
of the rope is
300 N
To ensure the rope
not break
(ii) Set C Because its used
helium gas, mass
of load is 20 kg and
tension allowed is
greater than 250 N
(iii) A is not suitable because mass of
the load causes weight of the
load and the balloon less then
buoyant force. The balloon will
rise up
( Accept any other set and the
reason)
Question 25: Perak 07
Characteristic Reason
Large tyre better stability
Liquid in
hydraulic
system
liquid cannot be
compressed
Large mass big inertia
Large base area better stability
Low centre of
gravity
better stability
Choose – M Large tyre, liquid in
hydraulic system,
large mass, large
base area or low
centre of gravity l
6. FIZIKMOZAC 2010
Question 26: SBP 07
Characteristic Reason
Material made
from glass
Glass does not
corrode with acid
Small diameter of
capillary tube
To increase the
sensitivity of the
hydrometer
High density of
shots
Makes the
hydrometer stays
upright
Big diameter of
bottom bulb
To obtaine a
bigger upthrust
Choose N N is made from
glass, has small
diameter of
capillary tube,
high density of
shots and a big
diameter of
bottom bulb.
Question 27:Trengganu 07
Characteristics Reason
A shape of cross
section which is
upper side is
longer than the
bottom
To produced the
speed of airflow
above the wings
to be higher than
the speed of
airflow below
Large surface
area of the wing
Produce larger lift
force
Less density of
the wing
materials
Less weight //
produce more
upward resultant
force
Higher difference
in speed of air
The higher the
difference in
pressure
The most suitable choice is P
Because it has
A shape of cross section which is
upper side is longer than the bottom
Large surface area of the wing
Less density of the wing materials
High difference in speed of air
Question 28: Kedah 07
(i) Diagram 9.3
The weight of the dam is
supported by the force
exerted by the water
(ii) Water in the dam can be
filtered and chlorinated to be
uses as public water supply
To drive turbines for the
generation of
hydroelectricity//
For irrigation//Recreation
centre
Suggestion Explanation
Thicker wall at
the base
To withstand
greater pressure
at the bottom as
the pressure
increases with
depth
The wall is
constructed
using stronger
materials /
Using reinforce
concrete
To avoid the wall
from breaking / To
increase the
strength of the
wall / To avoid
leaking
Equipped with
the water
overflow
system
To avoid flooding
/ To channel away
the overflow
water
Question 29:Trengganu 07
modification explanation
piston of bigger
cross-sectional
area
Can support
greater force
(weight)
Low density
material
Lightweight //
easy to carry
Non-
compressible
liquid
Piston can be
lifted up
7. FIZIKMOZAC 2010
Longer handle Less effort
needed to press
the small piston
Apply released
valve between
small and main
reservoir
Liquid can flows
into small
reservoir
Question 30: Perak 07
(i) hρg = 0.76 x 13 600 x 10
=103360 Pa
(ii) hρg = 0.1 x 13 600 x 10
= 13600 Pa
(iii) 0 Pa
Question 31: SBP 08
(a)
(i)
Mass devide by volume
(a)
(ii)
Density of air in Diagram 9.1
is higher than in Diagram
9.2.// vice versa
The number of load in
Diagram 9.1 is greater than
in Diagram 9.2//vice versa
The height of the balloons in
both Diagram 9.1 and
Diagram 9.2 are equal
When the density of the air
increase, the buoyant force
increase
As the density of the air
increase, the weight of the
load carried increased// .
As the density of the air
decrease, the weight of the
load carried also decreased
(b) Density of the iron nail is higher than the
density of water// Average density of the
cargo ship is lower than the density of
water
Volume/ weight of water
displaced by the iron nail is
smaller
For the cargo ship, the
buoyant force is equal to its
weight .
For iron nail , its buoyant
force is smaller than the
weight
modification explanation
Streamline shape Decrease/
reduce the water
drag/resistance
thick and strong
material
To withstand
high pressure / /
pressure
increase with
depth
Additional
component
- ballast tank
- periscope
To float or sink
the submarine
To observe
object outside
the water surface
Safety feature
Oxygen tank /
generator
For respiration
Question 32:Trengganu 08
(a)
(i)
Gravitational force
(a)
(ii)
Weight lost in Diagram 9.1(b)
> Diagram 9.1(c) // vise versa
Apparent weight in Diagram
9.1(c) > Diagram 9.1(b) // vise
versa
Density of water > density of
oil
The greater the density of
liquid, the greater the weight
lost / less apparent weight
(iii) Up thrust /buoyant force
(b) Name two correct force
(buoyant force and weight)
Buoyant force small because
small volume // vise versa
Block sink because weight >
buoyant force
Sheet float because weight =
buoyant force
8. FIZIKMOZAC 2010
modification explaination
Strong material Can withstand
great force
Low density
material
Lightweight
Two stage
plimsoll line
Save in fresh and
salt water
Big size Can place more
goods
Aerodynamic
shape
Reduce water
friction
Question 33: Kelantan 08
(a)
(i)
Weight is the gravitational force
acts on an object
(a)
(ii)
Buoyant force = weight of the
boat
(a)
(iii)
Sea water is denser
Boat displaced less sea water
and gain the same buoyant
force. Therefore boat sinks
less in sea water
(b)
(i)
Buoyant force = weight of sea
water
Displaced
= mg = ρVg
= 250 x 1080 x 10
= 2.7 x 106
N
(b)
(ii)
2.7 x 106
= V x 1000 x 10
V = 270 m3
(c)
(i)
Specification Reasons
Small stem
and long
Increase the
sensitivity
where the scale
divisions are
far apart so
that small
changes in
density can be
detected.
Glass wall Do not erode
Large
diameter of
High upthrusts,
displaced more
bulb liquid to be
able to float
easily
Lead shoots Hydrometer
can stay
upright.
P is chosen It has small and
long stem,
glass wall,
large diameter
of bulb and
lead shoots
used.
Question 34: N9 08
(a) Pressure is defined as the force
acting normally per unit area/
Pressure = Force
Area
(b) 1. When the small piston is
pulled up, the hydraulic oil is
drawn from the reservoir into
the small piston
2. When the small piston is
pushed down , the hydraulic
oil is exerted with force and
experienced a pressure
3. The pressure is transmitted
uniformly from the small
piston to the big piston.
4. The forced produced raised
the big piston / The system
can convert a small input
force into a bigger output
force.
Characteristics Reason
Has higher
boiling point
So that liquid not
easily boiling/
Has higher
specific heat
capacity
So that it can’t be
easily become hot
9. FIZIKMOZAC 2010
Has lower
density
So the hydraulic
jack is not heavy
Has lower rate
of vaporisation
Volume of liquid
will not easily
vaporise
Liquid L is
chosen
Reasons: L has
higher boiling
point, higher
specific heat
capacity, lower
density and lower
rate of vaporisation
Question 35: Kedah 08
(a)
(i)
Archimedes’ principle states
that the buoyant force on an
object immersed in a fluid is
equal to the weight of fluid
displaced by the object.
(a)
(ii)
The balloon acted by two
forces: buoyant force and the
weight of the balloon.
The density of helium gas is
less than the density of
surrounding air.
Buoyant force equals to the
weight of the air displaced by
the balloon.
Buoyant force is higher than
the weight of the balloon.
(c) Large balloon
To produce bigger buoyant
force// increase the volume of
air displaced
Use 2 burners
To produce bigger flame //
heat up the gas in the balloon
faster
Synthetic nylon
Light-weight, strong and air-
proof material.
High temperature of the air in
the balloon
Reduce density / weight of the
air in the balloon.
Hot air balloon Q is chosen
Because it is large balloon,
uses 2 burners / many
burners, uses synthetic nylon
and has high temperature of
the air in the balloon.
(d)
(i)
Weight = buoyant force
= weight of water
displaced
m x 10 = (10 x 2 x 10-6
) x 1000
x 10
m = 0.02 kg
(d)
(ii)
mg = ρVg
(0.02) (10) = (0.12 x 2 x 10-4
) ρ x
10
ρ = 833.33 kg m-3