1. This document presents an analysis of term weighting methods for information retrieval and text mining.
2. It examines inverse document frequency (idf), collection term frequency (ctf), and co-occurrence weight (cw) as term weighting schemes.
3. The results show that cw, which combines ctf, idf, and co-occurrence information, outperforms other term weighting methods by better representing term importance and relevance to documents.
1. The document discusses methods for analyzing the relationships between terms in a corpus using measures like co-occurrence weight (cw) and inverse document frequency (idf).
2. It presents formulas for calculating cw, cidf, ctf, and ictf to capture term associations based on frequency of co-occurrence.
3. Tables of term pairs are provided with their calculated measure values to demonstrate the methods. The highest scoring pairs may indicate stronger semantic relations.
1. The document discusses methods for calculating weights for terms in documents, including term frequency (tf), inverse document frequency (idf), and weighted schemes that combine tf and idf like tfidf.
2. It provides examples of calculating idf values for specific terms and illustrates how idf values increase as terms appear in fewer documents.
3. Tables show ranked lists of term pairs based on their calculated co-occurrence weight (cw) values, which factor in co-occurrence frequency, idf, and co-information density.
1. The document summarizes research on analyzing the co-occurrence patterns of words in a large corpus of documents.
2. It finds that the number of high co-occurrence weight patterns between words is much smaller than the number of low co-occurrence weight patterns.
3. The document also presents examples of words that have high and low co-occurrence weights based on an analysis of a corpus of documents.
The document contains data from a k-means clustering algorithm with 5 clusters. It shows the cluster assignments of 50 data points to the 5 clusters over 10 iterations. The data points are numbered 0-49 on the x-axis and assigned to clusters 0-4 on the y-axis. The cluster assignments change over the 10 iterations as the k-means algorithm converges.
The document contains information about k-means clustering:
(1) It describes the basic k-means clustering algorithm which assigns data points to k clusters by minimizing the within-cluster sum of squares.
(2) It provides details on how k-means clustering is implemented, including randomly initializing cluster centers, assigning points to the closest center, and recalculating centers as the mean of each cluster.
(3) It notes some of the challenges with k-means clustering, including that it does not work well for non-convex clusters and can get stuck in local optima depending on random initialization.
The document discusses performing incremental loads in SQL Server and SSIS. It describes:
1) Using T-SQL to identify new rows using a LEFT JOIN and updated rows by comparing all columns in an INNER JOIN. The rows are then inserted or updated respectively.
2) Implementing incremental loads in SSIS using a Lookup transformation to identify new and changed rows similarly to the T-SQL, and a Conditional Split to separate the rows into outputs which are loaded or updated using an OLE DB Destination and Command, respectively.
3) The approach maintains data integrity by only loading truly new or changed data in each load, making the process faster and using fewer resources than a full reload.
1. The document discusses methods for analyzing the relationships between terms in a corpus using measures like co-occurrence weight (cw) and inverse document frequency (idf).
2. It presents formulas for calculating cw, cidf, ctf, and ictf to capture term associations based on frequency of co-occurrence.
3. Tables of term pairs are provided with their calculated measure values to demonstrate the methods. The highest scoring pairs may indicate stronger semantic relations.
1. The document discusses methods for calculating weights for terms in documents, including term frequency (tf), inverse document frequency (idf), and weighted schemes that combine tf and idf like tfidf.
2. It provides examples of calculating idf values for specific terms and illustrates how idf values increase as terms appear in fewer documents.
3. Tables show ranked lists of term pairs based on their calculated co-occurrence weight (cw) values, which factor in co-occurrence frequency, idf, and co-information density.
1. The document summarizes research on analyzing the co-occurrence patterns of words in a large corpus of documents.
2. It finds that the number of high co-occurrence weight patterns between words is much smaller than the number of low co-occurrence weight patterns.
3. The document also presents examples of words that have high and low co-occurrence weights based on an analysis of a corpus of documents.
The document contains data from a k-means clustering algorithm with 5 clusters. It shows the cluster assignments of 50 data points to the 5 clusters over 10 iterations. The data points are numbered 0-49 on the x-axis and assigned to clusters 0-4 on the y-axis. The cluster assignments change over the 10 iterations as the k-means algorithm converges.
The document contains information about k-means clustering:
(1) It describes the basic k-means clustering algorithm which assigns data points to k clusters by minimizing the within-cluster sum of squares.
(2) It provides details on how k-means clustering is implemented, including randomly initializing cluster centers, assigning points to the closest center, and recalculating centers as the mean of each cluster.
(3) It notes some of the challenges with k-means clustering, including that it does not work well for non-convex clusters and can get stuck in local optima depending on random initialization.
The document discusses performing incremental loads in SQL Server and SSIS. It describes:
1) Using T-SQL to identify new rows using a LEFT JOIN and updated rows by comparing all columns in an INNER JOIN. The rows are then inserted or updated respectively.
2) Implementing incremental loads in SSIS using a Lookup transformation to identify new and changed rows similarly to the T-SQL, and a Conditional Split to separate the rows into outputs which are loaded or updated using an OLE DB Destination and Command, respectively.
3) The approach maintains data integrity by only loading truly new or changed data in each load, making the process faster and using fewer resources than a full reload.
The document discusses:
1. The development of a thesaurus of classical Japanese poetic vocabulary to better understand the connotations of words over time and how their usage changed.
2. The thesaurus is being developed using materials from the Hachidaishu, eight anthologies of Japanese poetry compiled between 905-2105 CE.
3. The thesaurus development involves processing the poetry data through a tokenizer, code converter, and other tools to extract and categorize the vocabulary terms according to their attributes.
The document provides an outline for Hilofumi Yamamoto's research and teaching. It summarizes his educational background, research interests, and contributions to students at Wollongong University. His research focuses on Japanese vocabulary and language teaching methods. Specific areas of research include the study of connotation and computer modeling of vocabulary using corpus linguistics techniques.
The document discusses the development of a thesaurus of classical Japanese poetic vocabulary. It outlines how the thesaurus was created by analyzing poems from the Hachidaishu anthologies using techniques like tokenization, meta-code conversion, and matching original poems to scholarly translations to extract vocabulary terms and their meanings over time. The goal is to better understand the connotation and historical transition of classical poetic words in a longitudinal study.
This document appears to be notes from a lecture or presentation on natural language processing and text mining techniques. It discusses topics like inverse document frequency, co-occurrence analysis, and graph-based representations of word relationships. Tables and graphs are included to illustrate co-occurrence patterns between words and how they are represented visually. The document also references various authors and their work related to semantics, meaning, and textual analysis.
MPEG es un formato de video digital que comprime secuencias de imágenes y sonido de forma sincronizada usando codificadores y descodificadores. Fue desarrollado por el grupo de expertos Moving Picture Experts Group perteneciente a la Organización Internacional de Normalización.
The document discusses challenges facing a community including a lack of economic opportunities that has led many young people to leave. It notes issues such as underfunded schools and increased drug use. Solutions proposed include developing local businesses and industries to generate jobs as well as improving education resources to equip youth with skills and discourage drug abuse.
A linguistic survey on _Itako Bushi_ (1806)Kazuhiro Okada
1. The document announces a linguistics meeting on August 26, 2011 at Hokkaido University to discuss various topics.
2. It then lists three main presentations: the first on language contact between Ainu and Japanese from 1787-1899; the second on a study of sound changes between 1906-2010; the third on the development of the Hokkaido dialect between 1871-2010.
3. The document concludes by noting additional discussions and references cited in the presentations.
1. This document provides flight and transportation schedule information between three locations: CA, KA, and UO. It lists multiple flight numbers and departure/arrival times.
2. Transportation options between hotels are also listed, along with pricing for different vehicle types from the airport or high-speed rail station to various hotels. Fees vary based on the number of passengers.
3. Contact information is provided for two hotel booking websites at the bottom.
The document describes the counting sort algorithm. It works by counting the number of objects having each distinct key value (store in array C), summing the counts (store in C'), and using C' to place the objects in the output array B in sorted order based on their key values between 0-k. Counting sort runs in O(n+k) time when k is the range of key values, and can sort in linear time when k is close to n.
This math test contains 4 problems with multiple parts each. Problem 1 involves exponential growth modeling with unknown variables C and k. Problem 2 models road clearing using a logarithmic function. Problem 3 involves compound interest calculations for an account that doubles every 7.75 years. Problem 4 analyzes chemical reaction data and fits linear and logarithmic regressions to determine yields at given times.
This document discusses using Rmpi and snow packages in R to perform parallel computing on a Mac. It provides examples of using makeCluster with MPI, clusterExport, and parLapply to distribute calculations across multiple CPU cores. Metrics are given showing reduced computation time when using 4 cores versus a single core for sampling and sorting large datasets.
(1) The document discusses a cycle with dimensions and stages. (2) There are four main stages described. (3) Each stage has activities that take place within a set time period. (4) Completing all the stages constitutes one full cycle.
This document discusses binary number representation of letters in ASCII code. It provides the 8-bit binary values for several letters: B is 01000010, A is 01000001, N is 01001110, G is 01000111, and K is 01001011.
The document provides examples of irrational expressions being added, subtracted, multiplied, divided, and general and particular equations being written. It also contains examples of word problems being solved where variables represent the number of cavities and brushing time. The document demonstrates various arithmetic operations and equations involving irrational expressions as well as solving word problems using proportional reasoning.
The document provides an analysis of a power distribution company's performance in the second quarter of 2008, noting a decrease in net revenue and adjusted EBITDA compared to the same period in 2007, while debt levels increased. It highlights factors such as lower energy sales, rising costs, and currency fluctuations that impacted financial results. The summary also examines the company's capital expenditure, debt profile, and initiatives to improve operational efficiency and expand services to clients.
The document discusses:
1. The development of a thesaurus of classical Japanese poetic vocabulary to better understand the connotations of words over time and how their usage changed.
2. The thesaurus is being developed using materials from the Hachidaishu, eight anthologies of Japanese poetry compiled between 905-2105 CE.
3. The thesaurus development involves processing the poetry data through a tokenizer, code converter, and other tools to extract and categorize the vocabulary terms according to their attributes.
The document provides an outline for Hilofumi Yamamoto's research and teaching. It summarizes his educational background, research interests, and contributions to students at Wollongong University. His research focuses on Japanese vocabulary and language teaching methods. Specific areas of research include the study of connotation and computer modeling of vocabulary using corpus linguistics techniques.
The document discusses the development of a thesaurus of classical Japanese poetic vocabulary. It outlines how the thesaurus was created by analyzing poems from the Hachidaishu anthologies using techniques like tokenization, meta-code conversion, and matching original poems to scholarly translations to extract vocabulary terms and their meanings over time. The goal is to better understand the connotation and historical transition of classical poetic words in a longitudinal study.
This document appears to be notes from a lecture or presentation on natural language processing and text mining techniques. It discusses topics like inverse document frequency, co-occurrence analysis, and graph-based representations of word relationships. Tables and graphs are included to illustrate co-occurrence patterns between words and how they are represented visually. The document also references various authors and their work related to semantics, meaning, and textual analysis.
MPEG es un formato de video digital que comprime secuencias de imágenes y sonido de forma sincronizada usando codificadores y descodificadores. Fue desarrollado por el grupo de expertos Moving Picture Experts Group perteneciente a la Organización Internacional de Normalización.
The document discusses challenges facing a community including a lack of economic opportunities that has led many young people to leave. It notes issues such as underfunded schools and increased drug use. Solutions proposed include developing local businesses and industries to generate jobs as well as improving education resources to equip youth with skills and discourage drug abuse.
A linguistic survey on _Itako Bushi_ (1806)Kazuhiro Okada
1. The document announces a linguistics meeting on August 26, 2011 at Hokkaido University to discuss various topics.
2. It then lists three main presentations: the first on language contact between Ainu and Japanese from 1787-1899; the second on a study of sound changes between 1906-2010; the third on the development of the Hokkaido dialect between 1871-2010.
3. The document concludes by noting additional discussions and references cited in the presentations.
1. This document provides flight and transportation schedule information between three locations: CA, KA, and UO. It lists multiple flight numbers and departure/arrival times.
2. Transportation options between hotels are also listed, along with pricing for different vehicle types from the airport or high-speed rail station to various hotels. Fees vary based on the number of passengers.
3. Contact information is provided for two hotel booking websites at the bottom.
The document describes the counting sort algorithm. It works by counting the number of objects having each distinct key value (store in array C), summing the counts (store in C'), and using C' to place the objects in the output array B in sorted order based on their key values between 0-k. Counting sort runs in O(n+k) time when k is the range of key values, and can sort in linear time when k is close to n.
This math test contains 4 problems with multiple parts each. Problem 1 involves exponential growth modeling with unknown variables C and k. Problem 2 models road clearing using a logarithmic function. Problem 3 involves compound interest calculations for an account that doubles every 7.75 years. Problem 4 analyzes chemical reaction data and fits linear and logarithmic regressions to determine yields at given times.
This document discusses using Rmpi and snow packages in R to perform parallel computing on a Mac. It provides examples of using makeCluster with MPI, clusterExport, and parLapply to distribute calculations across multiple CPU cores. Metrics are given showing reduced computation time when using 4 cores versus a single core for sampling and sorting large datasets.
(1) The document discusses a cycle with dimensions and stages. (2) There are four main stages described. (3) Each stage has activities that take place within a set time period. (4) Completing all the stages constitutes one full cycle.
This document discusses binary number representation of letters in ASCII code. It provides the 8-bit binary values for several letters: B is 01000010, A is 01000001, N is 01001110, G is 01000111, and K is 01001011.
The document provides examples of irrational expressions being added, subtracted, multiplied, divided, and general and particular equations being written. It also contains examples of word problems being solved where variables represent the number of cavities and brushing time. The document demonstrates various arithmetic operations and equations involving irrational expressions as well as solving word problems using proportional reasoning.
The document provides an analysis of a power distribution company's performance in the second quarter of 2008, noting a decrease in net revenue and adjusted EBITDA compared to the same period in 2007, while debt levels increased. It highlights factors such as lower energy sales, rising costs, and currency fluctuations that impacted financial results. The summary also examines the company's capital expenditure, debt profile, and initiatives to improve operational efficiency and expand services to clients.
1. The document discusses several issues facing the news media industry in the digital age, including how news is distributed through various platforms and the challenges of generating revenue as distribution methods change.
2. It examines topics like bundling and unbundling of content, how consumers access news through single or multi-homing, and the relationship between willingness to pay and different business models.
3. The document also explores using intermedia currencies like a digital version of Microsoft Office as a way for news publishers to earn income in the changing media landscape.
This document provides a review of graphing points on the coordinate plane. It includes an explanation that graphing points is similar to the game Battleship by using an x and y coordinate to locate a point. The four quadrants of the coordinate plane are defined, with the x-axis and y-axis dividing it. Several examples of coordinate pairs like (2,7) are given to represent points. Finally, 12 specific points are graphed on the coordinate plane for practice.
1) The document discusses a project to build a new community center that would provide services and activities for local residents.
2) Issues that were considered included costs, parking availability, and ensuring the center was accessible to people of all backgrounds.
3) After reviewing options, community leaders decided to renovate an existing building rather than constructing new in order to save costs and be up and running more quickly.
1) A series of dialogues between multiple people discussing various events that took place in 2011, including a 100km race in June and an event in August.
2) Details are provided about participants' performances in the events, with one person noting they finished the 100km race in around 11 hours.
3) The conversations also mention other meetings and events from 2009-2011, with abbreviations and acronyms used in the dialogues.
This document provides contact information for the Conveying Islamic Message Society, including their website, email, mailing address, and phone number. It discusses several Islamic scholars and their academic credentials and areas of study. These include Dr. T.V.V. Persaud, Dr. Joe Leigh Simpson, Dr. E. Marshall Johson, Dr. William W. Hay, Dr. Gerald C. Georinger, and Tejatat Tejasen. The document advocates that science and Islam are compatible and provides the website www.islam-guide.com/science as a resource.
The document discusses the configuration of FICO modules and charts of accounts. It describes setting up company codes, business areas, and functional areas in FICO. It also covers configuring different charts of accounts for group-level reporting, day-to-day operations, and country-specific requirements.
The document discusses a 6-step process involving numbers 1 through 6 arranged in a pyramid structure. It mentions calculating percentages for years 2011 and earlier based on figures from 2011 back to 2008. The process includes converting between different representations using parentheses and arrows.
This document discusses the relationship between inflation and unemployment. It states that there is typically a inverse relationship between inflation and unemployment, known as the Phillips curve. When unemployment is high, inflation tends to be low as there is an excess supply of labor. The document then provides data on inflation and unemployment rates in the US from 1998 to 2003. Inflation remained low and stable while unemployment gradually declined over this period.
The document describes analyzing nucleotide sequences of the rhodopsin gene from human, chimpanzee and macaque. Key steps include:
1) Obtaining rhodopsin coding sequences from NCBI and writing them to a FASTA file
2) Performing a multiple sequence alignment using ClustalW
3) Calculating the transition/transversion ratio and genetic distance between species based on the alignment
The document contains 10 sections with numerical listings and parentheses. Various symbols including plus signs, dashes and dots are present throughout with no clear meaning. Text is written in a disjointed format across multiple lines with no clear narrative.