This document discusses cervicogenic headache, including its definition, pathophysiology, diagnosis, characteristics, differential diagnosis, and interventions. Cervicogenic headache is a secondary headache caused by a physical or neurological condition in the cervical spine. It is characterized by unilateral or bilateral pain that begins in the neck and radiates outward. Diagnosis involves taking a history, physical exam, and diagnostic tests or blocks to determine the source of pain in the cervical spine. Potential interventions include injections of local anesthetics or steroids into affected nerves or using radiofrequency ablation.

1. CERVICOGENIC
HEADACHE

2. DEFINISI:
Cervicogenic Headache
"headache syndrome arising from cervical nociceptive
structures"
CGH is a secondary headache that occurs because of a
physical or neurologic condition that started first.
CGH may be caused by trauma, such as fracture,
dislocation, or whiplash injury, or an underlying medical
condition such as rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, or
infection.

3. Patofisiologi
Tergantung Pain generatornya:
Discogenic: Referal Pain
Artritis: Referal Pain
Canalis Stenosis: Radikular pain
Oleh karena itu pemeriksaan yang dilakukan untuk
menjawab:
1. Apakah bersumber dari cervical?
2. Sumbernya bagian apa?

4. PENEGAKAN DIAGNOSIS
• History
• Pemeriksaan fisik
• Pemeriksaan Penunjang

5. Ciri-ciri CGH
• CGH is principally a unilateral headache but can also occur
bilaterally.
• The pain usually begins in the neck and radiates outward to the
fronto - temporal and possibly to the supra - orbital area.
• The headache is usually nagging and non-pulsating in character.
• The pain can occur in attacks; the duration of an attack is
unpredictable (hours to days).
• The pattern of the attacks can also change into a chronic
fluctuating headache
• CGH pain is mainly triggered by abnormal movements or postures
of the neck, pressing the back of the neck, or sudden movements
from coughing or sneezing.

6. Common Symptoms of CGH
• Dull, moderate to severe intensity pain. The pain in CGH is most commonly
described as dull and non-throbbing type and of moderate to severe
intensity in the head and neck region.
• Reduced flexibility of neck. The pain typically starts at the back of the neck
or head, which may lead to some neck stiffness and reduced range of
motion.
• Stiff Neck Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment
• Pain in multiple areas. From the back of the head, the pain may extend
toward the front following the scalp, forehead, area around the eye, temple,
and area surrounding the ear.
• Blurred vision in one eye. Blurring of vision may be felt in the eye of the
affected side
• Pain beneath the neck. Pain in the shoulder, arm, or between the shoulder
blades is also common.

7. Anamnesis
Px Fisik
Dx Block
Anamnesis
Px Fisik
Dx Block
Px Penunjang

8. DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
• Migraine without aura;
• Tension headache;
• Cluster headache;

10. When Is Cervicogenic Headache
Serious?
• In some cases, CGH may be caused by dangerous underlying conditions such as
tumor, hemorrhage, fracture, or arteriovenous malformation (abnormal
connection between arteries and veins) in the head or neck region. In such
cases, one or more of the following symptoms may also be present:
• A change in the type of headache pain, such as severe headache that is
intolerable
• Nausea and vomiting
• Confusion and disorientation
• Headaches triggered by coughing or Valsalva maneuver (an attempt to expel air
with the mouth shut and nostrils pinched tight)
• Neck stiffness and swelling
• Numbness in the arms

11. Intervensi
• Injections of the nervus
occipitalis major with a
local anesthetic with or
without corticosteroids
give a temporary positive
effect for CGH.
• RF of medial branch

13. INTERVENSI
• Persiapan
• Alat dan Obat
• Pasien
• Penghentian obat
• informed consent
• posisi
• Tindakan
• Pasca Tindakan

14. • Tindakan

15. • Pasca Tindakan