The document provides an export plan for the California Central Valley region. It summarizes that international trade accounts for 13% of US economic activity and export expansion has driven growth in some struggling cities. The plan was created through collaboration between various economic development organizations in the region. It aims to increase exports beyond the $6 billion per year in agricultural commodities by helping other industries like food processing and manufacturing to enter new global markets. The plan identifies strategies based on research with local businesses that found many are unaware of available export assistance and financing resources or see limited potential in foreign markets.
International trade represents opportunities for economic growth, with 80% of global purchasing power and 92% of consumers existing outside of US borders. While small in terms of global GDP, America's free trade agreement partners buy nearly half of US exports, with the US having a trade surplus in manufactures, services, and agricultural products with its 20 FTA partners. Trade supports 38 million US jobs, over one in five American jobs, with exports of goods and services reaching nearly $2.2 trillion in 2012, demonstrating that American workers and companies can compete globally.
The Lehigh Valley’s gross domestic product has reached $37 billion for the first time. That’s more than 97 countries in the world. Importantly, our economy is remarkably balanced, with our top four sectors all falling within $650 million of each other. Manufacturing is our top sector, making up nearly $6 billion – or 15 percent – of our total GDP. of our total GDP. We have more than 680 manufacturers in the region with about 32,000 employees.
LVEDC tracked 31 business attraction/expansion projects either announced, under construction, or completed in the Lehigh Valley in 2016, creating 4,829 jobs and retaining 1,859 existing jobs.
LVEDC also provided access to $240 million in financing in 2016, supporting more than a dozen projects that created 1,461 jobs.
This chart and map details the biggest brands in the United States by revenue for the 2014 and 2015 years for each state. Additionally, the top 5 companies per world region by revenue are detailed below.
Puerto Rico has been in a recession for nearly a decade due to the expiration of corporate tax breaks in 2006. This has left the economy weak and Puerto Rico on the brink of insolvency, with debt totaling $72.3 billion or 70% of GDP. Puerto Rico is likely to default on general obligation bonds within two years according to Moody's. The government has implemented some fiscal policies but coping with the long-standing fiscal crisis amid an underperforming economy will be extremely challenging.
The economist forecasts slower GDP growth of 1.5% in Cuba for 2015, down from previous estimates, due to recessions in key trading partners like Venezuela and lower commodity prices reducing export revenues. While economic reforms are gradually opening the economy, growth will likely remain at 1-3% annually over the near term due to continued state control and US sanctions. Improving ties with countries like Russia, Spain, and the US raise prospects for foreign investment and tourism growth that could accelerate Cuba's economic development in the longer run if reforms continue.
This document provides an overview of relations between the US, China, and Latin America. It notes that China has become Latin America's largest trading partner, surpassing the US in some countries. While US investment in the region is more diversified, Chinese investment and loans are concentrated in mining and raw materials. The document then examines relations specifically between China, the US, and Peru in detail. It finds that China is now Peru's largest trading partner and a major source of investment, mainly in mining. Overall the analysis suggests China's influence in Latin America is growing as it seeks natural resources, while some view its trade practices as unfair competition.
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International Business 1st Edition Test Bank Geringer McNett Minor Ball
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Dr. Alejandro Diaz Bautista Conference FDI Mexico United States September 2009Economist
“Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Economic Growth. The Case of Mexico and the United States".
Dr. Alejandro Díaz-Bautista
Investigador Nacional y Miembro del Sistema Nacional de Investigadores, CONACYT, Nivel II.
adiazbau@hotmail.com
http://www.linkedin.com/pub/alejandro-diaz-bautista/6/619/691
Profesor-Investigador de Economía,
Departamento de Estudios Económicos,
El Colegio de la Frontera Norte.
Preparado para la 1er. Seminario internacional Evaluación del efecto de la Inversión Extranjera Directa (IED) en las economías en desarrollo. El evento se realizara en la Casa COLEF Ciudad de México, con dirección en la Calle Francisco Sosa No. 254, Col. Barrio de Santa Catarina en Coyoacán, México D.F. el 18 de septiembre de 2009.
International trade represents opportunities for economic growth, with 80% of global purchasing power and 92% of consumers existing outside of US borders. While small in terms of global GDP, America's free trade agreement partners buy nearly half of US exports, with the US having a trade surplus in manufactures, services, and agricultural products with its 20 FTA partners. Trade supports 38 million US jobs, over one in five American jobs, with exports of goods and services reaching nearly $2.2 trillion in 2012, demonstrating that American workers and companies can compete globally.
The Lehigh Valley’s gross domestic product has reached $37 billion for the first time. That’s more than 97 countries in the world. Importantly, our economy is remarkably balanced, with our top four sectors all falling within $650 million of each other. Manufacturing is our top sector, making up nearly $6 billion – or 15 percent – of our total GDP. of our total GDP. We have more than 680 manufacturers in the region with about 32,000 employees.
LVEDC tracked 31 business attraction/expansion projects either announced, under construction, or completed in the Lehigh Valley in 2016, creating 4,829 jobs and retaining 1,859 existing jobs.
LVEDC also provided access to $240 million in financing in 2016, supporting more than a dozen projects that created 1,461 jobs.
This chart and map details the biggest brands in the United States by revenue for the 2014 and 2015 years for each state. Additionally, the top 5 companies per world region by revenue are detailed below.
Puerto Rico has been in a recession for nearly a decade due to the expiration of corporate tax breaks in 2006. This has left the economy weak and Puerto Rico on the brink of insolvency, with debt totaling $72.3 billion or 70% of GDP. Puerto Rico is likely to default on general obligation bonds within two years according to Moody's. The government has implemented some fiscal policies but coping with the long-standing fiscal crisis amid an underperforming economy will be extremely challenging.
The economist forecasts slower GDP growth of 1.5% in Cuba for 2015, down from previous estimates, due to recessions in key trading partners like Venezuela and lower commodity prices reducing export revenues. While economic reforms are gradually opening the economy, growth will likely remain at 1-3% annually over the near term due to continued state control and US sanctions. Improving ties with countries like Russia, Spain, and the US raise prospects for foreign investment and tourism growth that could accelerate Cuba's economic development in the longer run if reforms continue.
This document provides an overview of relations between the US, China, and Latin America. It notes that China has become Latin America's largest trading partner, surpassing the US in some countries. While US investment in the region is more diversified, Chinese investment and loans are concentrated in mining and raw materials. The document then examines relations specifically between China, the US, and Peru in detail. It finds that China is now Peru's largest trading partner and a major source of investment, mainly in mining. Overall the analysis suggests China's influence in Latin America is growing as it seeks natural resources, while some view its trade practices as unfair competition.
International business 1st edition test bank geringer mc nett minor balljoqybokyf
International Business 1st Edition Test Bank Geringer McNett Minor Ball
Full download: International Business 1st Edition Test Bank Geringer McNett Minor Ball
international business geringer test bank pdf
international business michael geringer 1st edition pdf
international business 1st edition geringer pdf
international business geringer minor mcnett pdf
international business michael geringer pdf
9781259317224 pdf
international business 9781259317224
2-120
international business 1st edition pdf
Dr. Alejandro Diaz Bautista Conference FDI Mexico United States September 2009Economist
“Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Economic Growth. The Case of Mexico and the United States".
Dr. Alejandro Díaz-Bautista
Investigador Nacional y Miembro del Sistema Nacional de Investigadores, CONACYT, Nivel II.
adiazbau@hotmail.com
http://www.linkedin.com/pub/alejandro-diaz-bautista/6/619/691
Profesor-Investigador de Economía,
Departamento de Estudios Económicos,
El Colegio de la Frontera Norte.
Preparado para la 1er. Seminario internacional Evaluación del efecto de la Inversión Extranjera Directa (IED) en las economías en desarrollo. El evento se realizara en la Casa COLEF Ciudad de México, con dirección en la Calle Francisco Sosa No. 254, Col. Barrio de Santa Catarina en Coyoacán, México D.F. el 18 de septiembre de 2009.
The document summarizes U.S. trade data related to technology goods and services for the years 2008-2013. It finds that:
1) U.S. tech exports totaled $501 billion and imports were $496 billion in 2011, resulting in a slight trade surplus.
2) The largest segment of tech exports comes from services provided through foreign affiliates, which totaled $247 billion in 2011.
3) Texas surpassed California to become the top exporting state for tech goods, with $48 billion in exports in 2013.
According to a Pew Research Center survey of 44 nations:
- Most people see international trade and investment as beneficial, especially in developing countries, but skepticism exists as well, particularly in advanced economies like France, Italy, Japan, and the US.
- Developing countries express the strongest support for trade and foreign investment and their benefits. Emerging markets also generally support trade but enthusiasm has declined slightly in recent years.
- Advanced economies tend to be more skeptical that trade creates jobs or increases wages, which may be due to issues like slow economic growth and high unemployment in those nations. Public opinion could complicate trade deal negotiations.
This document discusses foreign direct investment (FDI) in Mexico. It provides statistics on FDI flows to Mexico in recent years, noting a decline in 2009 due to the global economic crisis. However, Mexico remained an attractive destination for FDI, especially from the US. The document also reviews literature examining the relationship between FDI and economic growth, finding mixed results depending on a country's development level and ability to absorb new technologies. FDI is seen as important for technology transfer but may not always directly stimulate growth.
The document is the 2017 annual report of the Lehigh Valley Economic Development Corporation (LVEDC). It summarizes LVEDC's activities and accomplishments in 2017, including facilitating over 30 business expansion/attraction projects that created over 2,200 jobs and retained over 1,300 jobs. It also discusses LVEDC's new 3-year strategic plan and initiatives to study the regional workforce and support continued economic growth through 2020. Key stats highlighted are the Lehigh Valley GDP reaching a record $39.1 billion and its ranking as a top region by Site Selection magazine.
Presentation by Bruce Katz, Vice President of the Brookings Institution and Director of the Metropolitan Policy Program.
Global Cities Initiative forum in Denver, CO on June 26, 2013.
The Global Cities Initiative is a Joint Project of Brookings and JPMorgan Chase.
For more information: http://www.brookings.edu/projects/global-cities.aspx
1. The document discusses the size and purchasing power of the European American population in the United States, which numbers over 200 million people according to census data.
2. It provides statistics on the largest European ethnic groups and their concentrations in major US cities, with Germans, Irish and Italians comprising the largest shares.
3. The European American population represents a significant economic market, with an estimated $2 trillion in purchasing power according to one analysis cited in the document. However, some industries like wireless telecommunications are missing opportunities with this demographic.
The document provides an overview of the Hollywood movie cluster located in Southern California. It begins with background on the US economy and competitive advantages, noting its large GDP, consumer spending, innovation, and cluster development. It then discusses California's economy, with the largest GDP of any US state. Los Angeles is highlighted as the center of the Hollywood movie cluster, with a diverse population and strong support for entertainment industries. The history and current state of the motion picture industry is covered, noting its origins in Southern California and continued dominance from Hollywood. Key factors that support the cluster are also summarized, such as infrastructure, skilled labor, and support industries in the area.
The document summarizes key indicators related to the global engagement and advanced industries of the Greater Washington metropolitan region. It finds that while the region has a large workforce in advanced industries, these industries rely heavily on the federal government. The region also has a highly educated talent pool but employers struggle to fill STEM jobs. Greater Washington is a leading export economy powered by services, but exports below its potential. It attracts below-average foreign direct investment relative to its size, with less investment in advanced industries. Lessons from other cities indicate the importance of expanding trade and investment to drive sustainable job growth.
This report summarizes Q1 2015 trends in the US national office sector real estate market. It finds that the overall national availability rate rose slightly to 17.0% as new construction increased supply in many markets like Houston and Dallas. Asking rental rates continued to increase nationally and in major cities like New York City and San Francisco driven by new construction and tight supply. The report also discusses how companies are increasingly expanding to lower cost Sunbelt markets in the South and West for access to talent at a lower cost while pursuing the American consumer population growth in these areas.
The document discusses 7 metrics that fuel Arab youth revolt: price rise, corruption, income disparity, unemployment, repression, external (NATO) support, and internet/mobile media support. It analyzes how each of these factors contributes to social unrest in Arab countries and could potentially spread revolt to other regions. High commodity prices hit the poor hardest and fuel food riots. Corruption creates unequal opportunities and dissatisfaction. Unemployment, especially among youth and women, sparks anger at ruling governments.
The United States has the largest national economy in the world, with a GDP of over $15 trillion in 2011, which accounts for approximately 25% of global GDP. The U.S. GDP per capita of $48,450 is the 6th highest in the world. The U.S. also has a highly diversified economy and is a global leader in many industries such as technology, finance, and manufacturing. The U.S. economy has experienced stable growth and low unemployment overall in recent decades.
"We Are All Immigrants" is a presentation that speaks to the urgent need to align our immigration policy with our job-creation goals. We can create jobs in America --- lots of them---- by flicking the switch and welcoming the job-creators from abroad. Compared to American-born, Immigrants are twice as likely to start a business, twice as likely to invent a new product, more likely have an advanced degree, and more likely to have the linguistic, cultural, and networking skill-set to sell U.S. products and services abroad. Immigrants are America's competitive advantage. It's time we stopped treating them like dirt. I've been talking about this for over 10 years! hoping that someone would listen.... and help save my hometown (Cleveland) and country! I'm an immigration lawyer ---- I know how broken the system is --- and how to FIX IT! I co-wrote a book, "Immigrant, Inc." to tell these stories. I co-wrote the immigration policy for the 30 chambers of commerce from Chicago to Pittsburgh. Awareness is increasing, through programs such as Global Michigan, Global Detroit, Global Cleveland, Global Pittsburgh, and others. NYC Mayor Michael Bloomberg is one of the biggest champions of the notion that smart immigration reform can CREATE jobs in America and help revitalize its cities.
13.1 Global Interdependence: Trade flows and trading patternsGeorge Dumitrache
Trade involves the exchange of goods and services between countries. Imports are purchased from other nations while exports are sold abroad. A country's balance of trade depends on whether it imports or exports more. Global trade patterns are influenced by factors like resource distribution, location, and trade agreements. While trade allows nations to specialize, many developing countries face unequal terms of trade and dependency on specific goods or partners. International organizations aim to promote free and fair trade globally.
International investment drives economic growth in the United States. U.S. multinational companies employ over 23 million Americans and pay nearly 20% higher wages than average. While most of the world's customers live abroad, two-thirds of multinational companies' employment, value, and capital expenditures remain in the United States. International investment creates jobs at home, makes companies more resilient, and boosts exports.
Cultural aspects affecting Promotional strategies in International MarketsKaran Salla
This document discusses several cultural aspects that affect international marketing strategies. It provides examples of how McDonald's, Starbucks, and other multinational companies have adapted their products, packaging, and business practices to different cultural contexts. McDonald's offers localized menus in different countries to accommodate cultural preferences. Starbucks uses recycled materials in some packaging in response to cultural norms around sustainability. The document also discusses "grey markets" where authorized goods are exported to another country and sold at lower prices, undermining official distribution channels.
The United States has the largest national economy in the world, representing over 20% of global GDP. It has a diverse economy with strong sectors in manufacturing, services, technology, and energy production. However, declining wages, high military spending, and growing government debt pose challenges to maintaining economic strength.
Cash Holdings - Corporate and Personal Holdings - November 2017paul young cpa, cga
The document is a presentation by Paul Young CPA, CGA on cash holdings by corporations and individuals in Canada and the United States. It includes an overview and agenda covering topics like the top companies with large cash holdings, cash held by Canadian corporations and in TFSA, RRSP, and government accounts. It also discusses upcoming US and Canada tax reforms and provides sources for further reading on related blogs and reports.
Special report emerging markets (the economist)ARTOTEL Academy
This document provides a summary of emerging markets and some of the risks they face. It discusses that emerging markets have historically provided both risks and profits for investors. While emerging markets have shown recent improvements in exports, GDP growth, and financial markets, there are still risks from factors like higher US interest rates, commodity price swings, protectionism, and political populism. However, the document argues that emerging economies have become more resilient in recent years, though perhaps less dynamic, and this improved resilience should allow their recovery to continue despite the threats they face.
Este documento proporciona información sobre los diferentes tipos de contaminación ambiental, incluyendo la contaminación del agua, aire, suelo, térmica, radiactiva, lumínica y acústica. Define cada tipo de contaminación y sus causas principales. También incluye recomendaciones para reducir la contaminación y curiosidades sobre el impacto de la contaminación en el medio ambiente.
The document summarizes U.S. trade data related to technology goods and services for the years 2008-2013. It finds that:
1) U.S. tech exports totaled $501 billion and imports were $496 billion in 2011, resulting in a slight trade surplus.
2) The largest segment of tech exports comes from services provided through foreign affiliates, which totaled $247 billion in 2011.
3) Texas surpassed California to become the top exporting state for tech goods, with $48 billion in exports in 2013.
According to a Pew Research Center survey of 44 nations:
- Most people see international trade and investment as beneficial, especially in developing countries, but skepticism exists as well, particularly in advanced economies like France, Italy, Japan, and the US.
- Developing countries express the strongest support for trade and foreign investment and their benefits. Emerging markets also generally support trade but enthusiasm has declined slightly in recent years.
- Advanced economies tend to be more skeptical that trade creates jobs or increases wages, which may be due to issues like slow economic growth and high unemployment in those nations. Public opinion could complicate trade deal negotiations.
This document discusses foreign direct investment (FDI) in Mexico. It provides statistics on FDI flows to Mexico in recent years, noting a decline in 2009 due to the global economic crisis. However, Mexico remained an attractive destination for FDI, especially from the US. The document also reviews literature examining the relationship between FDI and economic growth, finding mixed results depending on a country's development level and ability to absorb new technologies. FDI is seen as important for technology transfer but may not always directly stimulate growth.
The document is the 2017 annual report of the Lehigh Valley Economic Development Corporation (LVEDC). It summarizes LVEDC's activities and accomplishments in 2017, including facilitating over 30 business expansion/attraction projects that created over 2,200 jobs and retained over 1,300 jobs. It also discusses LVEDC's new 3-year strategic plan and initiatives to study the regional workforce and support continued economic growth through 2020. Key stats highlighted are the Lehigh Valley GDP reaching a record $39.1 billion and its ranking as a top region by Site Selection magazine.
Presentation by Bruce Katz, Vice President of the Brookings Institution and Director of the Metropolitan Policy Program.
Global Cities Initiative forum in Denver, CO on June 26, 2013.
The Global Cities Initiative is a Joint Project of Brookings and JPMorgan Chase.
For more information: http://www.brookings.edu/projects/global-cities.aspx
1. The document discusses the size and purchasing power of the European American population in the United States, which numbers over 200 million people according to census data.
2. It provides statistics on the largest European ethnic groups and their concentrations in major US cities, with Germans, Irish and Italians comprising the largest shares.
3. The European American population represents a significant economic market, with an estimated $2 trillion in purchasing power according to one analysis cited in the document. However, some industries like wireless telecommunications are missing opportunities with this demographic.
The document provides an overview of the Hollywood movie cluster located in Southern California. It begins with background on the US economy and competitive advantages, noting its large GDP, consumer spending, innovation, and cluster development. It then discusses California's economy, with the largest GDP of any US state. Los Angeles is highlighted as the center of the Hollywood movie cluster, with a diverse population and strong support for entertainment industries. The history and current state of the motion picture industry is covered, noting its origins in Southern California and continued dominance from Hollywood. Key factors that support the cluster are also summarized, such as infrastructure, skilled labor, and support industries in the area.
The document summarizes key indicators related to the global engagement and advanced industries of the Greater Washington metropolitan region. It finds that while the region has a large workforce in advanced industries, these industries rely heavily on the federal government. The region also has a highly educated talent pool but employers struggle to fill STEM jobs. Greater Washington is a leading export economy powered by services, but exports below its potential. It attracts below-average foreign direct investment relative to its size, with less investment in advanced industries. Lessons from other cities indicate the importance of expanding trade and investment to drive sustainable job growth.
This report summarizes Q1 2015 trends in the US national office sector real estate market. It finds that the overall national availability rate rose slightly to 17.0% as new construction increased supply in many markets like Houston and Dallas. Asking rental rates continued to increase nationally and in major cities like New York City and San Francisco driven by new construction and tight supply. The report also discusses how companies are increasingly expanding to lower cost Sunbelt markets in the South and West for access to talent at a lower cost while pursuing the American consumer population growth in these areas.
The document discusses 7 metrics that fuel Arab youth revolt: price rise, corruption, income disparity, unemployment, repression, external (NATO) support, and internet/mobile media support. It analyzes how each of these factors contributes to social unrest in Arab countries and could potentially spread revolt to other regions. High commodity prices hit the poor hardest and fuel food riots. Corruption creates unequal opportunities and dissatisfaction. Unemployment, especially among youth and women, sparks anger at ruling governments.
The United States has the largest national economy in the world, with a GDP of over $15 trillion in 2011, which accounts for approximately 25% of global GDP. The U.S. GDP per capita of $48,450 is the 6th highest in the world. The U.S. also has a highly diversified economy and is a global leader in many industries such as technology, finance, and manufacturing. The U.S. economy has experienced stable growth and low unemployment overall in recent decades.
"We Are All Immigrants" is a presentation that speaks to the urgent need to align our immigration policy with our job-creation goals. We can create jobs in America --- lots of them---- by flicking the switch and welcoming the job-creators from abroad. Compared to American-born, Immigrants are twice as likely to start a business, twice as likely to invent a new product, more likely have an advanced degree, and more likely to have the linguistic, cultural, and networking skill-set to sell U.S. products and services abroad. Immigrants are America's competitive advantage. It's time we stopped treating them like dirt. I've been talking about this for over 10 years! hoping that someone would listen.... and help save my hometown (Cleveland) and country! I'm an immigration lawyer ---- I know how broken the system is --- and how to FIX IT! I co-wrote a book, "Immigrant, Inc." to tell these stories. I co-wrote the immigration policy for the 30 chambers of commerce from Chicago to Pittsburgh. Awareness is increasing, through programs such as Global Michigan, Global Detroit, Global Cleveland, Global Pittsburgh, and others. NYC Mayor Michael Bloomberg is one of the biggest champions of the notion that smart immigration reform can CREATE jobs in America and help revitalize its cities.
13.1 Global Interdependence: Trade flows and trading patternsGeorge Dumitrache
Trade involves the exchange of goods and services between countries. Imports are purchased from other nations while exports are sold abroad. A country's balance of trade depends on whether it imports or exports more. Global trade patterns are influenced by factors like resource distribution, location, and trade agreements. While trade allows nations to specialize, many developing countries face unequal terms of trade and dependency on specific goods or partners. International organizations aim to promote free and fair trade globally.
International investment drives economic growth in the United States. U.S. multinational companies employ over 23 million Americans and pay nearly 20% higher wages than average. While most of the world's customers live abroad, two-thirds of multinational companies' employment, value, and capital expenditures remain in the United States. International investment creates jobs at home, makes companies more resilient, and boosts exports.
Cultural aspects affecting Promotional strategies in International MarketsKaran Salla
This document discusses several cultural aspects that affect international marketing strategies. It provides examples of how McDonald's, Starbucks, and other multinational companies have adapted their products, packaging, and business practices to different cultural contexts. McDonald's offers localized menus in different countries to accommodate cultural preferences. Starbucks uses recycled materials in some packaging in response to cultural norms around sustainability. The document also discusses "grey markets" where authorized goods are exported to another country and sold at lower prices, undermining official distribution channels.
The United States has the largest national economy in the world, representing over 20% of global GDP. It has a diverse economy with strong sectors in manufacturing, services, technology, and energy production. However, declining wages, high military spending, and growing government debt pose challenges to maintaining economic strength.
Cash Holdings - Corporate and Personal Holdings - November 2017paul young cpa, cga
The document is a presentation by Paul Young CPA, CGA on cash holdings by corporations and individuals in Canada and the United States. It includes an overview and agenda covering topics like the top companies with large cash holdings, cash held by Canadian corporations and in TFSA, RRSP, and government accounts. It also discusses upcoming US and Canada tax reforms and provides sources for further reading on related blogs and reports.
Special report emerging markets (the economist)ARTOTEL Academy
This document provides a summary of emerging markets and some of the risks they face. It discusses that emerging markets have historically provided both risks and profits for investors. While emerging markets have shown recent improvements in exports, GDP growth, and financial markets, there are still risks from factors like higher US interest rates, commodity price swings, protectionism, and political populism. However, the document argues that emerging economies have become more resilient in recent years, though perhaps less dynamic, and this improved resilience should allow their recovery to continue despite the threats they face.
Este documento proporciona información sobre los diferentes tipos de contaminación ambiental, incluyendo la contaminación del agua, aire, suelo, térmica, radiactiva, lumínica y acústica. Define cada tipo de contaminación y sus causas principales. También incluye recomendaciones para reducir la contaminación y curiosidades sobre el impacto de la contaminación en el medio ambiente.
Tricia Langman's portfolio document her experience as a creative director and designer. She has done hand painted designs for collections by Pendleton, Ralph Lauren, Clinique, and Halston. Her work has been featured in exhibitions at the Metropolitan Museum and in Vogue magazine. She has also done designs for collections by Oscar De La Renta, Calvin Klein, Kenneth Cole, and Jennifer Lopez. Additionally, she has worked as a design director for Spoogi Inc and created prints and fabrics. Her work has been featured in articles in WWD and Home Furnishing Magazine.
This shot list contains 22 shots of varying angles including medium shots, close ups, and long shots. Some shots involve camera movement such as moving in to a long shot. The shots are numbered and may include notes about camera angles or movement. The list documents the planned camera shots and angles for a video or film production.
Brijmohan Lall Munjal was an Indian businessman and founder of Hero Motocorp, one of the largest motorcycle manufacturers in India. He was born in 1923 in what is now Pakistan and started his career in the bicycle industry, founding Hero Cycles in 1956. In the 1980s, he formed a joint venture with Honda Motors called Hero Honda to produce motorcycles. After the partnership ended in 2011, the company was renamed Hero MotoCorp. Munjal helped grow the company into one of the largest two-wheeler manufacturers in the world. He received many awards for his contributions to business and industry in India before passing away in 2015.
Erin is the founder of Alkalign, a franchise opportunity for fitness studios that go beyond traditional barre classes to incorporate elements of strength, balance and mobility. The document provides information about joining the Alkalign family as a franchisee, including details about Erin and her vision, the support that Alkalign provides to franchisees, and qualifications they seek in franchisees such as a commitment to health, community, and personal growth. Interested candidates are instructed to submit an online form to begin the process of determining if Alkalign is the right fit.
Las Saturnalia eran las fiestas romanas celebradas en diciembre en honor a Saturno, el dios de la agricultura. Los niños preparaban figuritas de arcilla llamadas sigillas y luego las secaban y colgaban en un "bosque de sigillas", antes de disfrutar de un banquete para celebrar la cosecha y el invierno que se avecinaba.
Webinar: Attracting Immigrants and Growing Local Economiesbusinessforward
This document discusses the role of immigrant entrepreneurs and innovation in regional economic development. It contains the following key points:
- Immigrant-owned businesses account for a disproportionately high percentage of export-oriented companies and play an important role in regional economies.
- The Welcoming Economies (WE) Global Network aims to promote inclusive economic development by embracing immigrant communities and recognizing their contributions.
- International students pursue graduate degrees in STEM fields at high rates and the WE Network works to help retain international talent through programs like job fairs and employer events.
- Skilled immigrants face challenges having foreign credentials recognized and the WE Network provides resources and programs to help with licensing, job skills, and career pathways.
The document provides information on the economy of Eastern Colorado, which comprises 10 counties and had a population of 112,386 in 2015. Some key points:
- Agriculture is the largest employer in the region, accounting for 17.7% of employment and 26.3% of economic output.
- Elbert County has been one of the fastest growing counties, adding nearly 600 new residents per year since 1990 due to its proximity to Denver.
- Logan and Morgan counties account for 57% of earnings and 45% of residents in the region, and their energy industries like mining, oil and gas, and wind power offer potential for future growth.
- Population growth has been relatively flat at 0.8%
The document provides information on the economy of Eastern Colorado, which includes 10 counties and had a population of 112,386 in 2015. Some key points:
- Agriculture is the largest employer in the region, accounting for 17.7% of employment and 26.3% of economic output.
- Elbert County has been one of the fastest growing counties, adding on average 598 new residents per year since 1990 due to its proximity to Denver.
- Logan and Morgan counties account for 57% of earnings and 45% of residents in the region. These counties are becoming an energy hub due to oil/gas production and wind energy.
- The population growth rate in the region was 0.8%
This document provides an overview of the socioeconomic factors of Miami, Florida. It discusses Miami's population growth, demographics, industries, infrastructure, and financial advantages. Some key points:
- Miami's population has grown rapidly for decades and is projected to reach over 3 million by 2025, driven largely by immigration.
- Major industries include tourism, international banking and finance, and trade. Over 190,000 people work in downtown Miami and Brickell.
- Miami has tax advantages like no state income tax and incentives to attract businesses in targeted industries.
- The document provides details on Miami's transportation infrastructure of airports, ports, roads, and public transit.
Dr Dev Kambhampati | A Basic Guide to Exporting- Exporting ServicesDr Dev Kambhampati
This document provides an overview of exporting services from the United States. It discusses the large role of the services sector in the US economy, accounting for nearly 80% of private sector GDP. It then describes some of the fastest growing service exports, including travel/tourism, environmental services, telecommunications, education, and entertainment. The document notes key differences between exporting services versus products, such as the intangible nature of services. It provides information on resources for US service exporters, including assistance from the Department of Commerce and Commercial Service. Finally, it shares a case study of how Two Men and a Truck expanded internationally with help from the Commercial Service.
The document discusses entering the US market and provides reasons why it is beneficial. It summarizes that the US has the largest economy in the world, consistently grows, and offers many opportunities. It then lists PSD Global as an expert consulting firm that can help companies enter the US market successfully and outlines their services and approach.
The US economy expanded at a solid pace in 2014 and momentum carried into early 2015, though GDP growth slowed to 0.2% in Q1 due to temporary factors. Consumer spending and business investment are expected to accelerate in 2015, driving 2.5% GDP growth for the year. Imports will outpace exports again due to stronger domestic demand and a strong dollar, though real import growth will slow and nominal import/export values will decline in US dollar terms in 2015 before rebounding in 2016. Government spending growth will be modest, coming mainly from state and local levels. The Federal Reserve aims to gradually raise interest rates from near-zero levels.
KC Conway presented an economic outlook and conditions report to the Fort Bend Economic Development Council. The presentation discussed several topics, including: 1) 2020 Census data showing Texas had the largest population increase and third highest percentage growth; 2) a JOLTS report finding a record high of over 8 million job openings in March 2021; and 3) different types of economic shifts occurring, such as convergence of multifamily housing and divergence of retail trends as online shopping increases. The presentation provided an overview of economic trends in Texas and nationally.
The Lehigh Valley saw another year of historic economic growth in 2017, which speaks to the remarkable diversity among our various economic sectors, a sign of a well-balanced and multifaceted economy.
The region’s gross domestic product has surpassed the $39 billion mark for the first time in its history. That’s more economic output from the two-county region of 665,000 people than the entire states of Vermont or Wyoming, as well as 108 other countries in the world. And while transportation and warehousing is our fastest-growing sector, manufacturing still makes up a significantly larger portion of our GDP, contributing $6.9 billion, or nearly 18 percent of the total.
We’ve tracked 31 business attraction/expansion projects either announced, under construction, or completed in the Lehigh Valley in 2017, creating more than 2,200 jobs and retaining more than 1,300. LVEDC also provided access to $17.2 million in financing in 2017, resulting in another 810 jobs either created or retained.
This document outlines 10 overlooked facts about international trade for the United States: 1) 80% of economic growth comes from outside U.S. borders; 2) U.S. exports have doubled in 20 years and support 1 in 4 manufacturing jobs; 3) 1 in 3 acres on American farms is planted for export. The U.S. has a trade surplus with its 20 free trade agreement partners in manufactures, services, and agriculture. Trade supports over 40 million U.S. jobs, with FTAs sustaining over 5 million of those jobs. 98% of exporting companies are small- and medium-sized businesses, accounting for over 1/3 of U.S. merchandise exports.
Professor Alejandro Diaz-Bautista Conference University of San Diego, Septemb...Economist
The document discusses the United States-Mexico border economy in 2012. It covers several topics related to the economic relationship between the two countries, including: (1) economic growth, integration, trade, unemployment, and foreign direct investment; (2) the border region's population and combined GDP; and (3) cross-border retail sales, spending, and impacts on California and San Diego County economies from Mexican visitors. The presentation provides statistics and estimates on bilateral trade and economic impacts.
The document discusses global cities and their competitiveness. It identifies seven types of global cities based on their population, GDP, talent, traded sectors, innovation, infrastructure, industry characteristics, and economic characteristics. The first type discussed are "Global Giants," which are the largest global cities by population and GDP that play a dominant role in the global economy.
Whitepaper: Latin America: Room for growthDubaiChamber
Latin America: Room for growth is an Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) report, commissioned by Dubai Chamber. The report discusses the current economic and political climate in Latin America and explores sectors that present opportunities for economic growth—particularly trade-related infrastructure and the services sector. The findings are based on desk research and interviews with experts in the topic.
This document summarizes Alvaro Uribe Velez's keynote address on political trends in Latin America to the JP Morgan Latin American Advisory Council. It finds the region divided between more democratic center-left countries that cooperate with the US and pursue free trade (led by Brazil, Colombia, Mexico), and more radical leftist ALBA countries (led by Venezuela, Ecuador, Bolivia) that are anti-US, weak on institutions, and ideology-driven. It discusses Brazil's role in the region politically and economically, China's growing influence through trade, and how Latin America is managing its relationship with China given increased economic ties.
San Antonio is home to the headquarters of several Fortune 500 companies, such as Valero, USAA, Clear Channel Communications, CPS Energy, H-E-B, Frost Bank, Tesoro and SWBC. The Texas International Business Accelerator (TIBA) was created in 2011 to promote growth and economic development in Texas by assisting foreign small and medium-sized companies establish businesses in the state. Since its inception, TIBA has been responsible for over 1,800 new direct jobs created and over $136 million in foreign investment to Texas. The guide provides an overview of the key industries and metropolitan areas in Texas, as well as steps for establishing a business in the state and information on visas.
Indiana Manufacturers Exporting ArticleAnn Dee Allen
The document discusses opportunities for US manufacturers to increase profits through exporting. It summarizes a survey finding that nearly half of US manufacturers do not currently export and have no plans to. For those that do export, key target markets are Canada, Mexico, the UK and China. The document then provides advice and considerations for manufacturers looking to enter international markets, including working with professionals experienced in international tax and accounting standards, using export incentives like IC-DISCs, and obtaining assistance from trade organizations.
This document provides an overview and economic forecast for Los Angeles County and the surrounding region from 2015-2016. It discusses key details about the county, including its large population and economic activity level. It also outlines Los Angeles County's governing body and provides sources for additional information. The forecast was produced by the Kyser Center for Economic Research at the LAEDC and examines economic trends for the US, California, Los Angeles County, and other parts of Southern California. It includes sections on industries like tourism and hospitality.
This document provides an overview of the economic environment and outlook for the United States, California, and Los Angeles County economies. It discusses key indicators such as GDP growth, consumer spending, business investment, government spending, employment, and wages. The US economy saw solid gains in 2014 and is expected to continue growing over the next two years, with consumer spending and business investment playing important roles. California and Los Angeles County also experienced growth and improving labor markets in 2014.
3. california
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F R E S N O • K E R N • K I N G S • M A D E R A • M E R C E D
S A N J O A Q U I N • S TA N I S L A U S • T U L A R E
C A L I F O R N I A
CENTRAL VALLEY
EXPORT PLAN
A part of The Global Cities Initiative,
a joint project of Brookings Institution and JPMorgan Chase
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International trade is responsible for approximately 13% of all economic activity in the United States. American
cities that have been associated with economic hardship, loss of jobs, and widespread home foreclosures in
the wake of the 2008 Recession—places like Detroit and Las Vegas—have seen several consecutive years
of economic growth attributable solely to export expansion. A full 30% of the export activity driving U.S.
economic growth is coming from the nation’s top 100 metros alone, and many of those are utilizing export
plans like this one.
The California Central Valley Export Plan is the result of the research and planning collaboration between
the U.S. Export Assistance Center, the Center of International Trade Development, the City of Fresno, the
Fresno Chamber of Commerce, California State University Fresno, the Fresno County Economic Development
Corporation (EDC) with the other seven county EDCs comprising the California Central Valley EDC (CCVEDC),
and the San Joaquin Valley Regional Association of California Counties (SJVRACC), with the extensive support
of the Brookings Institution and JPMorgan Chase. Our region includes the eight inland counties of Fresno,
Kern, Kings, Madera, Merced, San Joaquin, Stanislaus, and Tulare and two of California’s ten largest cities.
Already a stand-out with $6 billion per year in export revenue from agricultural commodities, the Central Valley
is poised to utilize the same export resources that have benefited the agribusiness sector to spur export growth
in threshold industries like food processing, small machinery manufacturing, and freight and port services. We
also see surprisingly strong trends in management consulting services and royalties for information technology,
film, and music.
With the Strategies and Tactics described in this plan, supported by Key Findings from Valley-wide research
and best practices exchanged with metros from across the United States and abroad, economic developers
and business leaders throughout the Central Valley now have a blueprint for a proactive and hands-on
concierge approach to export education and expansion in our region. Our strong history of collaboration
between municipalities and economic development partners and with business and civic leadership is now
our greatest asset in helping our industries grow globally and support the high-wage employment that will
improve the standard of living in all our communities.
Introduction
Lee Ann Eager
President/CEO
Fresno County EDC
Also representing:
CCVEDC & SJVRACC
Ashley Swearengin
Mayor
City of Fresno
Al Solis
Board Chair, Executive Committee
Fresno Chamber of Commerce
Antonio Avalos, PhD
Department of Economics Chairman
Craig School of Business
California State University, Fresno
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5. For the last decade, the fastest growing segment of
the U.S. economy has been exports.
95% of all consumers live outside the United States,
where 83% of all economic growth is occurring. American
manufacturers engaged in exporting from 2005 to
2009 saw their revenues increase 37%, while their
non-exporting competition saw a decrease in revenue
of 7% over the same period. For exportable services,
the revenue of companies that did business globally
was 100% higher than companies that maintained only
domestic clients. Capitalizing on the fact that 57% of
GDP growth in U.S. metro regions stems from export,
economic developers across the country have been able
to introduce export as viable way to sustain and even
expand businesses in industries otherwise stagnant or
in contraction in domestic markets.
Recognizing the crucial role export plays in the
post-recession economy, the non-profit think tank
Brookings Institution and global financial services firm
JPMorgan Chase launched the Global Cities Initiative
as a five-year collaborative project aimed at helping
leaders strengthen the global competitiveness of
their regional economies. The eight-county California
Central Valley joined the initiative in 2015 to build on
best practices and strategy innovations from around
the U.S. and the world. This plan is the result of that
groundbreaking collaboration.
Export Development as a Critical Economic Strategy
For Establishing Sustained and Competitive Growth
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The U.S. government, like many others, has seen the effects of export growth on the national economy
and on the creation of higher-paying jobs. Federal leaders have responded with strategies like the National
Export Initiative (NEI) and NEI/NEXT. These programs improve data and assistance available to American
companies moving into foreign markets, inform U.S. businesses of export opportunities, and enhance state
and community efforts to orient their local economies to the global market. The U.S. International Trade
Commission and the U.S. Trade Representative’s sustained effort in negotiating beneficial trade agreements,
like the Trans Pacific Partnership, to eliminate trade barriers is an illustration of how critical a sector exports
are to the national economy.
Export as a Tool for Job Creation and Retention
HERE ARE SOME REASONS WHY
• $1 billion in exports supports 5,590 domestic jobs.
• 1 new job in a “tradeable” or export sector business supports 3 more jobs elsewhere in the
supply chain.
• In 2013, U.S. exports of $1.4 trillion in goods and services were responsible for an estimated
11.3 million American jobs.
• In 2014, the 8-county California Central Valley exported more than $18 billion in goods and
services, enough to support approximately 100,000 domestic jobs.
• U.S. exporters are able to achieve 100% higher sales, maintain 70% greater employment, and
pay 20% higher wages than their non-exporting competition.
• The limited number of metro regions engaged in the implementation of export plans account for
30% of job, production, and export growth in the U.S.
• Estimates suggest as much as 70% of the world’s disposable income resides outside the
United States.
• 97% of the 250,000 U.S. companies engaged in export are small and medium-sized businesses
which are also the enterprises providing most of the jobs in the nation.
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Export as an Economic Development
Strategy for the California Central Valley
California’s Central Valley region is comprised of eight
counties: Fresno, Kern, Kings, Madera, Merced,
San Joaquin, Stanislaus, and Tulare. Together these
counties include almost 27,500 square miles of inland
California, from Stockton in the north to Bakersfield
in the south, and more than four million people, or
roughly ten percent of the state’s population as of
2014. Taken on its own, the region would qualify as
the country’s 25th largest state by population and
rank as the 25th largest exporting community, tied
with Phoenix, Az.
The Central Valley, despite being home to the state’s
fifth and ninth largest cities (Fresno and Bakersfield,
respectively), is predominantly rural and agricultural in
character. Several of its counties vie with one another
each year for the number one agricultural county in
the nation, producing almost $40 billion regionally
in annual agriculture commodities.
Early data provided by the Brookings Institution
confirmed that Central Valley agribusiness, as a
whole, is actively and profitably engaged in export,
generating $6 billion in revenue in 2014. This single
industry was responsible for 32% of all export revenue
in the region. No other industry in the Central Valley
has achieved that level of global competitiveness.
Brookings data for 2014 indicated that the next most
profitable export industry for the region, forestry and
fishing, brought in $1.46 billion or only 25% as much
revenue as agriculture, and other industries declined
from there. Excepting the manufacture of petroleum
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products ($972 million) and oil and gas extraction
($759 million) that are heavily concentrated in the
county of Kern, the next largest region-wide export
was meat & poultry with revenue of $493 million.
The manufacture of frozen and canned foods and
the provision of freight and port services rounded out
the top five Valley-wide export industries with $486
million and $464 million respectively.
Why focus on exports for economic development?
If the lag of export activity within the region’s non-
agricultural growth industries can be addressed, so
can Central California’s high level of unemployment
and low per capita income. The task of economic
developers then is to understand the obstacles to
export among local businesses and develop a plan
to overcome those challenges.
Surveys from 228 local companies and interviews
with 27 business leaders across 11 key industries
seem to support the supposition that the agriculture
industry’s longstanding familiarity with and use
of export resources and assistance has led to its
success, while other industries have lagged in making
use of those same resources. Noting that 80% of
research respondents indicated that at least half of
their operational costs took place within the Central
Valley, export expansion provides the opportunity to
benefit not just exporters but also their locally owned
and operated suppliers.
Agricultural Produce
Forestry & Fishing
Petroleum Products
Oil & Gas Extraction
Meat & Poultry
Frozen & Canned Foods
Freight & Port Services
Dairy Foods
Aircraft Parts & Products
Travel & Tourism: Snacks,
Coffee, Condiments
Leading Export
Industries in the
Central Valley
$5900
$1500
$973
$759
$493
$486
(by 2014 export revenue in $ millions)
$464
$411
$347 $311
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The California Central Valley:
A Current Export Assessment
Compared nationwide with regions of similar size and characteristics, the intensity of the Central Valley’s
export activity is “middle of the pack,” neither exceeding nor falling behind its peers. While local agricultural
commodities have made inroads and generated interest in our region’s products all over the world, other
industries that seem poised to break out into the global market do very little exporting, citing a number of
erroneous assumptions for their lack of an international business plan and active export engagement.
Those businesses that have a product and infrastructure ready for export or have dabbled in exporting but
have yet to maximize their activity are considered “threshold exporters.” Engaging this group is the particular
focus of the California Central Valley export plan. They represent the greatest opportunity for export growth
and the most efficient use of export development resources during the early stages of plan implementation.
The aforementioned surveys and interviews with Central Valley businesses were conducted over several months
in mid-2015. Interviewees included non-exporters, threshold exporters, and seasoned exporters with a decade
or more of experience to draw upon. The following Key Findings from those research results have guided the
project’s Core Team in selecting a focus and several primary strategies for the development of this export plan.
K E Y F I N D I N G
Central Valley Threshold Exporters
Don’t Know About the Existing
Export Assistance Available to Them
Despite the availability of extensive export assistance
through local offices like the Fresno Export Assistance
Center and the Center for International Trade
Development (CITD), almost 60% of respondents
reported having made no use of government and
non-profit assistance to begin or develop their
export activities. None had used these resources to
obtain export financing. Tellingly, the assistance that
businesses most commonly indicated they wished
could be made available to them—Gold Key business
matchmaking with vetted foreign partners—is already
widely provided by the United States Commercial
Service via the Fresno Export Assistance Center.
K E Y F I N D I N G
These Threshold Exporters are
Reluctant to Export Without Trusted
Foreign Contacts Already Established
Central Valley companies share the same concerns
familiar among all exporters that a foreign business
partner or distributor will prove unreliable or fraudulent,
hencetheinterestingainingintroductionstopre-vetted
trade partners. In choosing which regions to enter via
export, 80% of Valley companies made that decision
based not on “best-fit” market considerations but on
the existence of pre-existing partnerships.
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K E Y F I N D I N G
Central Valley Businesses are
Largely Unaware of the Economic
Potential of Exporting or the
Economic Growth That Export
Already Represents
Many Valley companies, unaware of or despite
economic indicators stressing the importance of
global market share, are not looking at exporting
at all. One-quarter of respondents had no plans to
move beyond the domestic market. Some, unaware
of the rise of the global middle class consumer, think
there is no foreign market for their products while
their direct local competition establishes themselves
profitably in South America or Asia. Even among
Central Valley companies that do export, one-third
do so on only a very small scale, deriving less than
5% of their overall revenue from foreign markets.
Additional Valley
Industries with Export
Growth Opportunities
Annual Export
Revenue for Survey
Respondents
Export as Percent of Total
Company Revenue for
Central Valley Exporters
Misc. General Purpose
Machinery
Management & Legal
Services
Ag, Construction &
Mining Equipment
Engineering & Heavy
Industry Installations
Grain & Oilseed Products
Less than $50,000
$50,001 to $250,000
$100,001 to $250,000
$250,001 to $1,000,000
$1,000,001 to $10,000,000
$10,000,001 to $25,000,000
More than $25,000,000
(by 2014 export revenue in $ millions)
$294
$288
$278
$266
$253
25%
12%
3%
18%
28%
9%
5%
35%
30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
5%orless
6%-10%
11%-15%
16%-20%
21%-25%
Morethan25%
DidNotDisclose
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K E Y F I N D I N G
Export Financing Assistance
Available to Businesses in the
Region is Underutilized, While
Central Valley Businesses are
Under the Impression There
is no Such Assistance
The Western United States Agricultural Trade
Association (WUSATA), which works with agricultural
product producers but also with related products,
reportsunusedfundingyearuponyearthatcompanies
in the western region of the U.S. could be using to
develop their presence in foreign markets as a dollar-
for-dollar match for eligible activities. The State Trade
and Export Promotion (STEP) Program pilot export
initiative makes match-funding available to small
businesses, with the average award to a business
being $435,000 for the fourth round of funding in
FY 2015. Yet Central Valley companies cited lack
of export and/or capital financing as a challenge to
exporting. Among respondents, 17% cited lack of
available export financing as the key reason their
companies did not export. This finding correlates with
the local bank branches’ lack of export knowledge.
Notably, there is a knowledge gap regarding the credit
insurance program provided by the Export Import
Bank of the U.S., which provides a 95% government
guarantee on open account and foreign receivables.
Top Reasons
Central Valley
Companies
Do Not Export
Would Rather
Expand
Domestically
Don’t Know
How to Export
Lack of Financing
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
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K E Y F I N D I N G
Most Local Exporters Enter the
Global Marketplace Reactively,
Even Haphazardly, Rather
Than Proactively
Research respondents rarely included export
implementation in their businesses plans. Central
Valley businesses commonly indicated they thought
they were too small to export when they actually began
to ship to foreign markets and that they had entered
the export market only after being approached by a
prospective foreign partner or distributor. At the time,
the local businesses did not already have market
studies or data to guide their decisions. For almost
a quarter of local exporters, contact from a foreign
partner with an export or distribution proposal or a
request for a private label manufacturing run was
the main reason they began exporting, not because
market analysis indicated that region was the best
choice for their product.
K E Y F I N D I N G
The Confusion of Dealing With
Foreign Regulations, Cultures, and
Differences in Marketing Deters
Central Valley Businesses From
Starting or Further Developing
Their Export Activities
The difficulties of foreign contracts, global marketing
and distribution, and knowledge of foreign markets
wereallamongthefivemostcommonchallengeslisted
by respondents. Interviewees expressed concerns
aboutmakingcostlymistakesinlabelingandmarketing
in foreign countries, and some described the false
starts and wasted investment of trying to enter an
inappropriate market for their product due to a lack
of understanding the foreign customer base there.
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
TransportationCosts
ForeignImportControlLaws,Regulatory
Compliance,Inspections,Tariffs
U.S.ExportControlLaws,Regulatory
Compliance,Inspections,Tariffs
GlobalSalesContracts,ContractNegotiation
ForeignGovernmentRegulations/Policies
GlobalAdvertising,Marketing,Distribution
KnowledgeofForeignMarkets
ExportFinancing
WorkingCapitalFinancing(generaloperations)
CustomsClearance
Five Most Significant Challenges Reported by
Current Central Valley Exporters
(respondents chose up to five)
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13. Together, these findings capture an image of a business
culture in the Central Valley that is hesitant to expand
globally because it is largely unaware of the economic
potential of exporting and of the resources available
to guide local companies into appropriate foreign
markets while easing the cost of exporting. This
hesitancy is the key consideration for the Core Team
in developing this export plan as a tool specifically for
the implementation of
a proactive, hands-on export concierge
service for Central Valley business.
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Central Valley Export:
The Threshold of Greatness
While the tools and educational initiatives conceived within this plan can and should be applied to a wide
spectrum of businesses in various stages of export development, the target audience is “the threshold
exporter,” the established and stable business that is ready to export for the first time or ready to transition
from small-scale export to concerted, targeted export expansion.
Export Plan Goal
Actively engage Central Valley threshold exporters in proactive international business planning and exporting.
For assessing whether a company might be considered a threshold exporter, the Core Team will develop a
basic set of criteria such as those identified by the Export Import Bank of the United States (Ex-Im Bank),
the U.S. Commercial Service, and the Center for International Trade Development as common to successful
export starts and expansions.
To accomplish this goal, the Core Team sought to define objectives that were measurable within a defined
period of time while recognizing that the findings of previous metros involved in the Global Cities Initiative had
been that successes built over time rather than transforming the economic landscape instantly.
Objectives
• Increase number of threshold exporters receiving export assistance by 25% in five years
• Increase number of threshold exporters receiving export education by 25% in five years
• Double the number of referrals for Gold Key services in five years
• Enhance exports with five currently exporting threshold exporters per year
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A Strategy for Export Expansion:
The Concierge Approach
The greatest challenge in export development in the Central Valley has not been developing resources and
assistance for potential exporters. Extensive resources already exist. What is required to change the tentative
export culture among the businesses of the Central Valley to a more proactive and engaged international trade
effort is a more proactive and engaged program of export education and assistance.
For our particular region, the passive approach of putting up websites with links to resources has not
resulted in businesses reaching out for that assistance. This plan is about boots on the ground with the region’s
economic developers, elected officials, and business leaders taking the message directly to our threshold
exporters and walking them through the steps that will establish their international business model and initial
partnerships.
S T R AT E G Y 1
Make Central Valley Export
Education More Targeted,
Hands-On, and Comprehensive
to Overcome the Complacency,
Confusion, & Misconceptions
of Threshold Exporters
Tactics
1 Assess current Valley-wide export resources to
include all existing services and identify possible gaps
and potential enhancements to current programs
and assistance.
2 Develop an export resource app and introduce
it to users at export and economic development
training and events.
3 Engage professional consultation services to
achieve search engine optimization (SEO) for existing
online export resources as well as the planned export
resources application.
4 Launch a quarterly export university for cohorts of
ten (10) threshold exporters each to be conducted in
cooperation between the United States Commercial
Service, Central Valley chambers of commerce, Center
for International Trade (Fresno & Merced), California
Manufacturers Technology Center’s (CMTC) Export
Tech University (a C level engaged export training
program), economic development corporations
(EDCs), and partners specializing in international
business such as universities, financial institutions,
and export service providers. The course will culminate
in each participating business developing their own
export business plan.
5 Approach Central Valley university and college
leadership, particularly business schools, about the
need to strengthen curricula dealing with international
trade topics and exporting in particular.
6 Support the continued involvement of the U.S.
Commercial Service’s Fresno Export Assistance
Center staff with International Business programs at
California State Universities in Fresno, Bakersfield, and
StanislausandatFresnoPacificUniversity.Proposethe
reintroductionofthepreviouslysuccessfulinternational
business internship program that placed students
with local companies to help those businesses begin
to export. Promote the expansion of such programs
to higher educational institutions throughout the
Central Valley.
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S T R AT E G Y 2
Engage Central Valley Economic
Development Organizations (EDOS)
to Integrate Export Education and
Referral Generation Into Their
Standard Attraction, Expansion,
and Retention Programs
Tactics
1 Enlist economic development partners to help
compile and promote the regional export resource
app to every business they touch in the course of
their activities.
2 Develop an economic developer’s crash course
in California Central Valley export development to be
offered online annually, with follow-up webinars
on specific export topics to be offered on a monthly
basis.
3 Hold three (3) annual export partner services
showcases—one in the South, Central, & North
regions of the Central Valley—in cooperation with
the member organizations of the California Central
Valley Economic Development Corporation (CCVEDC),
chambers of commerce, cities, and export services
providers.
4 Annually, select one or more international trade
shows that the CCVEDC and/or the U.S. Commercial
Service is scheduled to attend and prepare three (3)
companies from each export university cohort taking
place that year to accompany the EDO’s to at least one
event. Provide hands-on guidance in developing the
businesses’ export message and marketing materials
and in making prearranged Gold Key contacts at
that trade event.
S T R AT E G Y 3
Partner With Local Media to
Provide and Highlight Export
Success Stories With the Aim
of Changing the Passive Export
Culture of the Central Valley
Tactics
1 Approach local television stations with existing
“made local” campaigns to highlight California Central
Valley companies that are standing up as export
champions in one export success feature per month.
2 Partner with a regional business publication for a
monthly feature on the implementation of the Central
Valley Export Plan.
3 Secure commitments from EDC’s and chambers of
commerce throughout the California Central Valley to
incorporate an export plan implementation update in
their newsletters, to create a consistent and persistent
message of export advocacy and growth.
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S T R AT E G Y 4
Take a More Proactive, Hands-On
Approach to Business Matchmaking
to Address Inexperience, “Business
as Usual” Complacency, and Lack of
Foreign Cultural Knowledge Among
Threshold Exporters. Utilize Interna-
tional Enterprise Networks to Facili-
tate Targeted Foreign Outreach and
Leverage Foreign Nation ED Funding
Available for the Purpose of Encour-
aging International Partnerships
Tactics
1 Organize visits from foreign delegations to local
trade shows (CITD and USCS events, the Fresno
Food Expo, World Ag Show) to intro duce them to
Central Valley threshold exporters.
2 Organize assisted trade missions to a specific,
targeted country for four (4) export university
companies twice per year.
3 Step the more tentative threshold exporters
through a process of graduating from major US trade
shows to foreign shows, either by assisting them with
domesticandinternationaleventselectionandpossible
financing referrals or by attending those trade shows
with the threshold exporters and providing them
assistance prior to and during the event.
S T R AT E G Y 5
Incorporate Export Financing
Education and Referrals Into the
Economic Development Process
Tactics
1 Include a section on current export financing
resources in the export resource app, updated
annually.
2 Enlist financing agencies and partners to speak
at export university sessions.
3 Include export financing panels at economic
development workshops both for businesses seeking
capital and operational financing education and for
economic developers as part of their continuing
education.
4 Enlist Central Valley EDCs to make export financing
referrals a standard practice when performing
operational analyses of threshold exporters.
5 Seek funding for a 5-year market development
program to reimburse local exporters for a portion of
certain qualifying costs (i.e.,trade show travel and hotel
expenses,shippingoftradeshowsamples,advertising)
of entering a market where their company previously
had no export activity. This tactic is intended to assist
the export market development of non-agriculture
industries in a manner similar to the assistance
provided to the agriculture industry by WUSATA.
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A Pilot Project for the Central
Valley’s Emerging Technology Sector
The development of new technology hubs and
education venues in the California Central Valley,
positioning the region as an affordable alternative
to Silicon Valley and to outsourcing tech services to
other countries, has received nationwide attention.
The purpose of the next strategy is to act as a pilot
project to apply the strategies already outlined for
thresholdexportersingeneraldirectlytothetechnology
industry, which has been identified in market research
as a growth sector in California. The results of this
effort will be assessed annually to determine their
success, return on investment (ROI), and the value
of continuing or expanding the concentration on the
technology sector.
S T R AT E G Y 6
Actively Educate and Engage the
Burgeoning Technology Services
Industry in the Central Valley in
Export Expansion.
Tactics
1 Enlist Central Valley EDO’s to assess their local
threshold exporters of technologyservices and
determine the current strongest export markets.
2 Develop partnerships with international information
networks, like the Enterprise Europe Network, to
foster international technology partnerships and
innovation. Analyze results for possible adaptation
to other industries.
3 Address previously listed Strategies specifically
to tech services threshold exporters by each year
gearing at least one (1) export university cohort toward
them and selecting at least one (1) company from
this industry to participate in trade show or trade
mission activities.
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Export Policy
Among research respondents, export issues that
fall within the spheres of state and federal influence
and control were a focus of significant concern.
These issues included export control laws, regulatory
compliance, and customs clearance. The perception
of onerous export regulations can deter a business
from thoroughly investigating their options and
opportunities even if abundant assistance is available
to navigate these challenges.
The 2015 appointment of CCVEDC Chair and
Fresno County EDC President Lee Ann Eager to
the California International Trade and Investment
Advisory Council established by Governor Jerry
Brown marks the first time the Central Valley has
had a voice in helping to develop the state’s trade
policies and priorities. Our region’s ability to make
its concerns heard has never been greater.
This plan includes the following strategy specifically
to address export advocacy from the perspective of
Central Valley businesses and their concerns.
S T R AT E G Y 7
Engage Central Valley Business
Leaders and Business Associations
Such as the Chambers of Commerce
and Economic Development
Corporations, to Advocate for Strong
Export Incentives at the Local, State,
and Federal Levels of Government.
Tactics
1 Prepare a comprehensive policy memo that
supports export incentives with specificity. Key
elements of this document will include identified
policy solutions on: distribution channels (ports,
rail), free trade agreements (customs clearance,
tariffs, barriers to market entry), intellectual property
protection, work visas, and export financing services.
2 Work with politically active organizations to include
export policy reform as a part of their overall policy
platform.
3 Identify key partners to attend local legislative trips
to Sacramento and Washington, DC with export policy
as a key topic for discussion with the appropriate
government departments.
4 Work with local cities to include export support for
threshold companies as a priority in their respective
business/economic development departments.
5 Present the policy memo for adoption to the
San Joaquin Valley Consortium of Central California
Counties at their annual meeting.
6 Seek funding to make legislative trips with a
singular focus on export support.
7 Develop a foreign direct investment strategyfor
the region.
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G L E N R O B E R T S
Bakersfield & Fresno U.S. Commercial Service’s Export Assistance Centers, Director
Despite immense ongoing success in providing businesses with international trade assistance,
Glen Roberts and the U.S. Commercial Service of the U.S. Department of Commerce are the best
kept secrets in export development in the Central Valley. As the Director of the Bakersfield & Fresno
U.S. Export Assistance Centers, Glen Roberts brings more than twenty-five years of experience to
bear when leading trade missions, making those much sought-after Gold Key B2B introductions,
and utilizing an information and resource network that includes 165 offices in 82 countries. The
Centers’ most recent results find a $1-to-$200 return on investment for business clients engaging
the assistance of Glen and his team of International Trade Specialists.
Getting the word out about this assistance and about the economic value of export development
were the goals when Glen Roberts joined the Core Team that helped research and develop this export
plan. Glen’s willingness to go the extra mile and help Central Valley economic developers take this
message on the road to businesses throughout the eight-county area makes him a valuable partner
and a true export champion.
P E T E R D E Y O U N G
Ag Marketing Worldwide, President
Peter DeYoung is a well-known and respected authority in the area of marketing agricultural
products around the world. With more than 30 years of experience as a brand manager, marketing
and public relations professional, Mr. DeYoung is also an experienced culinary professional and
television producer with numerous awards to his name. He established Ag Marketing Worldwide
(AMW), in addition to another full-service advertising and public relations firm he has owned and
managed for 18 years. Ag Marketing Worldwide represents agricultural commodity boards and
private branded food products around the globe. AMW maintains the experience and relationships
to assist these groups, delivering a wide range of services, including brand management, new
product introduction, inbound and outbound market tours, culinary and foodservice education,
as well as new product development with the foodservice sector among other services. AMW is
headquartered in Central California.
Export Champions
The shared experience of the various metro regions within the Global Cities Exchange, the network of
peer organizations that have participated in the GCI over its five-year mission, confirms that the greatest
boon to export success are the business leaders who are already actively engaged in international trade
and are willing to stand as examples and champions to the cause of export development and expansion.
California Central Valley Export Leaders Include…
W A L T P L A C H T A
CEI Engineering Associates, Inc, Branch Manager
A native of Michigan, Walt Plachta has lived and done business in Fresno County for 30+ years.
He assumed the chairmanship of the Fresno County Economic Development Corporation Executive
Board in 2015. Walt is both an experienced professional geologist and manager of the Fresno office
of CEI Engineering Associates, an award-winning national multi-service engineering company.
Active in several professional organizations locally and statewide, such as the American Council
of Engineering Companies (ACEC) and the American Public Works Association (APWA), Mr. Plachta
is committed to excellence and leadership—in the engineering industry and in the economic
development and prosperity of the community he has adopted as his home.
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Plan Implementation
The California Central Valley Economic Development Corporation (CCVEDC), made up of the EDC’s of all eight
counties in the region, will act as the administrative body for managing the multi-agency activities and any
pass-through funding for plan implementation. In serving this function, the CCVEDC will:
• Align important regional export planning to the goals, objectives, and strategies of this plan.
• Provide strategy and policy recommendations to strengthen plan updates, implementation
schedules, and scopes of work.
• Act as the central point of contact for distributing information on the organization of Central
Valley export university cohorts, media outreach, export education events, and trade
missions related to the plan.
• Promote the plan during events and outreach activities organized or attended by the
CCVEDC to help generate public and financial support, including distributing promotional
materials related to plan activities.
• Distribute plan progress updates at meetings of the CCVEDC board and the Steering
Committee for plan implementation.
The “boots on the ground” for this proactive implementation plan are intended to be those of every economic
development organization, chamber of commerce, university, and elected official within the Central Valley. It
is envisioned that these critical economic developers will work directly with the CCVEDC as plan administrator
to organize export university cohorts, export education showcases, and guided trade missions aligned with the
Strategies of this plan in cooperation with peer organizations and work with the administrator to seek funding
and technical support for their work under the umbrella of this plan.
The Core Team will convene quarterly to draft, update, and refine an annual scope of work for plan implementation
and bi-annually to review program metrics provided by the plan administrator. CCVEDC will also report progress
on program outcomes to the Steering Committee.
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PLAN DEVELOPMENT
Core Team
California State University, Fresno
City of Fresno
Fresno Chamber of Commerce
Fresno County Economic Development
Corporation/California Central Valley EDC
U.S. Commercial Service –
U.S. Export Assistance Center
With the support and assistance of: The San Joaquin Valley
Regional Association of California Counties and the Center
for International Trade Development
Steering Committee
Allied Grape Growers
California Blueberry Commission
California Central Valley Economic Development Corporation
California Department of Food and Agriculture
County of Fresno Board of Supervisors
Dairy America
Fowler Packing
Fresno Chamber of Commerce
Geekwise Academy
National Raisin
Nichol’s Farms
State Center Community College District
The Office of Congressman Devin Nunez
The Office of Congressman David G. Valadao
The Office of Congressman Jim Costa
Wawona Frozen Foods
Weir Floway
West Side Trading Company
PLAN IMPLEMENTATION
Core Team
California State University, Fresno
Center for International Trade Development
Fresno Chamber of Commerce
Fresno County Economic Development Corporation/CCVEDC
JPMorgan Chase
U.S. Commercial Service – U.S. Export Assistance Center
Steering Committee
Ag Marketing Worldwide
Amani International
California Commodities Exchange
California Department of Food and Agriculture
California State University, Fresno – Craig School of Business,
Ag EMBA Graduate Program
CEI Engineering Associates, Inc.
City of Fresno
Dairy America
Fresno Area Hispanic Foundation
Geekwise Academy
Innomine Group
Jeffrey Scott Agency
JPMorgan Chase
San Joaquin Valley Regional Association of California Counties
Snowflake Designs
Southeast Fresno Community Economic Development Association
State Center Community College District
University of California, Merced
For more information, please contact:
California Central Valley Economic Development Corporation
Phone: 661-366-0756
Website: http://centralcalifornia.org/
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Acknowledgements
About The Global Cities Initiative
A Joint Project of Brookings and JPMorgan Chase
The Global Cities Initiative is a joint project of the
Brookings Institution and JPMorgan Chase to help
metropolitan private and public sector leaders
grow their regional economies by strengthening
internationalconnectionsandcompetitivenessthrough
exports, foreign investment, and other strategies.
GCI activities include producing research and data
for better decision-making, fostering policy and
practice innovations, and promoting collaboration
and replication through a peer learning network.
For more information, see http://www.brookings.edu/
projects/global-cities.aspx or www.jpmorganchase.
com/globalcities.
GCI/GCX Disclaimer
ThisplanwasdevelopedinpartnershipwiththeFresno
County Economic Development Corporation, the San
Joaquin Valley Regional Association of California
Counties, the California Central Valley Economic
Development Corporation, California State University
Fresno, the City of Fresno, the Fresno Chamber of
Commerce, the U.S. Commercial Service, and the
California Centers for International Trade Development.
The conclusions and recommendations of this report
are solely those of its authors and do not reflect the
views of the Brookings Institution or JPMorgan Chase.
The Brookings Institution is a private non-profit
organization. Its mission is to conduct high-quality,
independent research and, based on that research,
to provide innovative, practical recommendations for
policy makers and the public. Brookings recognizes
that the value it provides is in its absolute commitment
to quality, independence and impact, and makes all
final determinations of the scholarly activities of the
Global Cities Initiative, including the research agenda
and products.
Special Thanks
The Core Team extends its thanks to the Brookings
Institution and Project Manager Benjamin Sio, to
JPMorganChase,andtotheotherregionsparticipating
in the Global Cities Exchange for their generosity in
sharing data and innovative approaches for export
education and advocacy. We are also grateful to the
Central Valley businesses that participated in the
research surveys and interviews, informing us on
their challenges in export development.
Photo Credits
All photos used with the kind permission of the
California Central Valley EDC and Fresno County EDC.
Sponsors
Partners
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24. C A L I F O R N I A
CENTRAL VALLEY
EXPORT PLAN
For more information, please contact:
California Central Valley Economic Development Corporation
Phone: 661-366-0756
Website: http://centralcalifornia.org/
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