45 year old female presents with a 2 day history of intermittent retrosternal chest pain, dyspnoea and exertional syncope.
She is otherwise normally healthy and does not smoke.
Her regular medications are limited to an oral contraceptive pill and MAO inhibitor (antidepressant). She leads a sedentary lifestyle and her work requires her to be seated for 10 hours every day. No recent long-haul travel or surgery. No personal or family history of venous thromboembolic disease.
Her vital signs in the emergency department are HR 84bpm, BP 62/32mmHg, RR 26 breaths/min, Sats 99% on 15L non-rebreather mask, temperature 36.7 degrees Celsius, GCS 15.
Cool peripheries, distended neck veins. Chest clear. Abdomen soft, non-tender. Calves soft, non-tender.
ECG demonstrates sinus rhythm with a q wave in lead III and T wave inversion in lead III.
D-dimer is 4.
A CT Pulmonary Angiogram is performed which demonstrates multiple, large bilateral pulmonary emboli originating in both the left and right pulmonary arteries and extending into all lobar branches and all segmental branches except the left upper lobe. Additionally, there is bowing of the interventricular septum inferior and contrast reflux into the IVC consistent with right ventricular strain. On the lung windows (not included) there is no consolidation to indicate pulmonary infarction.
45 year old female presents with a 2 day history of intermittent retrosternal chest pain, dyspnoea and exertional syncope.
She is otherwise normally healthy and does not smoke.
Her regular medications are limited to an oral contraceptive pill and MAO inhibitor (antidepressant). She leads a sedentary lifestyle and her work requires her to be seated for 10 hours every day. No recent long-haul travel or surgery. No personal or family history of venous thromboembolic disease.
Her vital signs in the emergency department are HR 84bpm, BP 62/32mmHg, RR 26 breaths/min, Sats 99% on 15L non-rebreather mask, temperature 36.7 degrees Celsius, GCS 15.
Cool peripheries, distended neck veins. Chest clear. Abdomen soft, non-tender. Calves soft, non-tender.
ECG demonstrates sinus rhythm with a q wave in lead III and T wave inversion in lead III.
D-dimer is 4.
A CT Pulmonary Angiogram is performed which demonstrates multiple, large bilateral pulmonary emboli originating in both the left and right pulmonary arteries and extending into all lobar branches and all segmental branches except the left upper lobe. Additionally, there is bowing of the interventricular septum inferior and contrast reflux into the IVC consistent with right ventricular strain. On the lung windows (not included) there is no consolidation to indicate pulmonary infarction.
68 year old male presents with a 3 day history of severe
right-sided abdominal pain radiating down into his right scrotum. He has had associated vomiting on 3 occasions and his wife reports that the bedsheets and pillow case were drenched with sweat last night.
On examination, his vitals are: 38.6 degrees, 130bpm, 100/60mmHg, 24 breaths/min, 97% sats on room air. His peripheries are warm and vasodilated. Chest is clear. Abdomen demonstrates localised peritonism in the right lower quadrant. Testes are non-tender.
His urine dipstick is negative for blood, leukocytes or nitrites. Labs demonstrate a white cell count 18 and CRP 280. Renal function is normal.
Blood cultures are collected which quickly grow Clostridium.
A CT Abdomen and Pelvis is performed with IV contrast. Review the scan and identify the primary pathology which explains the patient's presentation.
ANSWER:
There is a small right indirect inguinal hernia containing an
enlarged 9.5mm inflamed appendix with associated fat stranding and minimal fluid. This finding of acute appendicitis contained within an inguinal hernia is consistent with Amyand's hernia. There are no features of small or large bowel obstruction. There is no free fluid or gas within the abdomen. There is no definite intraabdominal lymphadenopathy.
Incidentally, there are numerous other findings in this scan, including cholelithiasis without features of cholecystitis; multiple simple liver cysts; bilateral renal cortical cysts; a large hiatal hernia; a 12mm short-axis elongated lesion in the right para-aortic region posterior to the crus of the diaphragm, which may represent a lymph node. Additionally, there is subcutaneous emphysema involving the lower abdominal wall.
Amyand's hernia is a rare form of inguinal hernia in which the vermiform appendix becomes incarcerated within the hernia. Its incidence is less than 1%. The condition is named after Claudius Amyand, an English surgeon, who is attributed with performing the first successful appendicectomy on a young boy who had appendicitis contained within an inguinal hernia.
65 year old female presents with a 2 week history of lower abdominal pain and dysuria.
A CT Abdomen and Pelvis with oral and IV contrast was performed. What is the major pathology present in this study which would explain this patient's symptoms? What is the most likely cause?
The significant abnormality in this scan involves the bladder. There is bladder wall thickening, most marked on the lateral aspect where it measures up to 20mm. Additionally, there is significant perivesical stranding and gas within the bladder lumen and wall. The kidneys are normal in appearance. There is no evidence of diverticular disease involving the adjacent sigmoid colon.
These radiological features are consistent with anaerobic cystitis.
Incidentally, did you note the surgical staple line along the stomach wall?
60 year old male presents with acute abdominal pain and hypotension. CT Abdomen demonstrates gas within the superior mesenteric venous system. Bowel wall intramural gas is seen predominantly in the caecum and filling the ileo-colic vein. No definite arterial thrombosis is demonstrated. The patient proceeded to the operating theatre where the caecum was found to be ischaemic and dusky. A right hemicolectomy was performed and the patient was admitted to ICU post-operatively.
50 year old male with a one month history of intermittent fevers and night sweats with back pain.
Background history of open AAA repair and treated Hodgkin's lymphoma which is now in remission.
his CT Abdomen with intravenous contrast in the arterial phase demonstrates stigmata of aortitis secondary to the development of an aortoenteric fistula. Gas is present in the remnant aneurysm sac following the previous abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. There is associated retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy around the aorta and the process is adherent to the third part of the duodenum, which is presumably the source of gas. This implies that a fistulous connection has developed. Catastrophic haemorrhage into the duodenum is possible.
Incidental finding of a contracted gallbladder containing multiple gallstones, consistent with chronic cholecystitis.
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68 year old male presents with a 3 day history of severe
right-sided abdominal pain radiating down into his right scrotum. He has had associated vomiting on 3 occasions and his wife reports that the bedsheets and pillow case were drenched with sweat last night.
On examination, his vitals are: 38.6 degrees, 130bpm, 100/60mmHg, 24 breaths/min, 97% sats on room air. His peripheries are warm and vasodilated. Chest is clear. Abdomen demonstrates localised peritonism in the right lower quadrant. Testes are non-tender.
His urine dipstick is negative for blood, leukocytes or nitrites. Labs demonstrate a white cell count 18 and CRP 280. Renal function is normal.
Blood cultures are collected which quickly grow Clostridium.
A CT Abdomen and Pelvis is performed with IV contrast. Review the scan and identify the primary pathology which explains the patient's presentation.
ANSWER:
There is a small right indirect inguinal hernia containing an
enlarged 9.5mm inflamed appendix with associated fat stranding and minimal fluid. This finding of acute appendicitis contained within an inguinal hernia is consistent with Amyand's hernia. There are no features of small or large bowel obstruction. There is no free fluid or gas within the abdomen. There is no definite intraabdominal lymphadenopathy.
Incidentally, there are numerous other findings in this scan, including cholelithiasis without features of cholecystitis; multiple simple liver cysts; bilateral renal cortical cysts; a large hiatal hernia; a 12mm short-axis elongated lesion in the right para-aortic region posterior to the crus of the diaphragm, which may represent a lymph node. Additionally, there is subcutaneous emphysema involving the lower abdominal wall.
Amyand's hernia is a rare form of inguinal hernia in which the vermiform appendix becomes incarcerated within the hernia. Its incidence is less than 1%. The condition is named after Claudius Amyand, an English surgeon, who is attributed with performing the first successful appendicectomy on a young boy who had appendicitis contained within an inguinal hernia.
65 year old female presents with a 2 week history of lower abdominal pain and dysuria.
A CT Abdomen and Pelvis with oral and IV contrast was performed. What is the major pathology present in this study which would explain this patient's symptoms? What is the most likely cause?
The significant abnormality in this scan involves the bladder. There is bladder wall thickening, most marked on the lateral aspect where it measures up to 20mm. Additionally, there is significant perivesical stranding and gas within the bladder lumen and wall. The kidneys are normal in appearance. There is no evidence of diverticular disease involving the adjacent sigmoid colon.
These radiological features are consistent with anaerobic cystitis.
Incidentally, did you note the surgical staple line along the stomach wall?
60 year old male presents with acute abdominal pain and hypotension. CT Abdomen demonstrates gas within the superior mesenteric venous system. Bowel wall intramural gas is seen predominantly in the caecum and filling the ileo-colic vein. No definite arterial thrombosis is demonstrated. The patient proceeded to the operating theatre where the caecum was found to be ischaemic and dusky. A right hemicolectomy was performed and the patient was admitted to ICU post-operatively.
50 year old male with a one month history of intermittent fevers and night sweats with back pain.
Background history of open AAA repair and treated Hodgkin's lymphoma which is now in remission.
his CT Abdomen with intravenous contrast in the arterial phase demonstrates stigmata of aortitis secondary to the development of an aortoenteric fistula. Gas is present in the remnant aneurysm sac following the previous abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. There is associated retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy around the aorta and the process is adherent to the third part of the duodenum, which is presumably the source of gas. This implies that a fistulous connection has developed. Catastrophic haemorrhage into the duodenum is possible.
Incidental finding of a contracted gallbladder containing multiple gallstones, consistent with chronic cholecystitis.
The world of search engine optimization (SEO) is buzzing with discussions after Google confirmed that around 2,500 leaked internal documents related to its Search feature are indeed authentic. The revelation has sparked significant concerns within the SEO community. The leaked documents were initially reported by SEO experts Rand Fishkin and Mike King, igniting widespread analysis and discourse. For More Info:- https://news.arihantwebtech.com/search-disrupted-googles-leaked-documents-rock-the-seo-world/
LA HUG - Video Testimonials with Chynna Morgan - June 2024Lital Barkan
Have you ever heard that user-generated content or video testimonials can take your brand to the next level? We will explore how you can effectively use video testimonials to leverage and boost your sales, content strategy, and increase your CRM data.🤯
We will dig deeper into:
1. How to capture video testimonials that convert from your audience 🎥
2. How to leverage your testimonials to boost your sales 💲
3. How you can capture more CRM data to understand your audience better through video testimonials. 📊
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In this comprehensive presentation, we will explore strategies and practical tips for enhancing profitability in small businesses. Tailored to meet the unique challenges faced by small enterprises, this session covers various aspects that directly impact the bottom line. Attendees will learn how to optimize operational efficiency, manage expenses, and increase revenue through innovative marketing and customer engagement techniques.
Recruiting in the Digital Age: A Social Media MasterclassLuanWise
In this masterclass, presented at the Global HR Summit on 5th June 2024, Luan Wise explored the essential features of social media platforms that support talent acquisition, including LinkedIn, Facebook, Instagram, X (formerly Twitter) and TikTok.
Building Your Employer Brand with Social MediaLuanWise
Presented at The Global HR Summit, 6th June 2024
In this keynote, Luan Wise will provide invaluable insights to elevate your employer brand on social media platforms including LinkedIn, Facebook, Instagram, X (formerly Twitter) and TikTok. You'll learn how compelling content can authentically showcase your company culture, values, and employee experiences to support your talent acquisition and retention objectives. Additionally, you'll understand the power of employee advocacy to amplify reach and engagement – helping to position your organization as an employer of choice in today's competitive talent landscape.
Putting the SPARK into Virtual Training.pptxCynthia Clay
This 60-minute webinar, sponsored by Adobe, was delivered for the Training Mag Network. It explored the five elements of SPARK: Storytelling, Purpose, Action, Relationships, and Kudos. Knowing how to tell a well-structured story is key to building long-term memory. Stating a clear purpose that doesn't take away from the discovery learning process is critical. Ensuring that people move from theory to practical application is imperative. Creating strong social learning is the key to commitment and engagement. Validating and affirming participants' comments is the way to create a positive learning environment.
Cracking the Workplace Discipline Code Main.pptxWorkforce Group
Cultivating and maintaining discipline within teams is a critical differentiator for successful organisations.
Forward-thinking leaders and business managers understand the impact that discipline has on organisational success. A disciplined workforce operates with clarity, focus, and a shared understanding of expectations, ultimately driving better results, optimising productivity, and facilitating seamless collaboration.
Although discipline is not a one-size-fits-all approach, it can help create a work environment that encourages personal growth and accountability rather than solely relying on punitive measures.
In this deck, you will learn the significance of workplace discipline for organisational success. You’ll also learn
• Four (4) workplace discipline methods you should consider
• The best and most practical approach to implementing workplace discipline.
• Three (3) key tips to maintain a disciplined workplace.
B2B payments are rapidly changing. Find out the 5 key questions you need to be asking yourself to be sure you are mastering B2B payments today. Learn more at www.BlueSnap.com.
7. • CXR shows air in liver
– Also ETT a bit low
– Gastric distension w NGT in correct position
• Portal venous gas = v.bad prognostic sign
– Need to differentiate from pneumobilia
• Portal venous gas has peripheral gas distribution
• Pneumobilia has central gas distribution, usually from
intrumentation of biliary tree
• Pneumatosis intestinalis = air in gut wall
– Highly suggestive of necrotising entercolitis or gut
infarction