Coaching skills involve listening, using empowering language, building rapport, allowing silence, asking questions, adopting a coaching approach, and having patience. These skills help coaches effectively support their clients.
This document discusses the key concepts and fundamentals of communication. It defines communication as the exchange of information, ideas, thoughts, and feelings through speech, signals, writing, or behavior. The document outlines the main types of communication as verbal, non-verbal, oral, and written. It provides details on each type, including the elements of non-verbal communication, advantages and disadvantages of oral and written communication, and the four essential pillars of communication: listening, speaking, reading, and writing.
While assessing Language acquisition, one of the most difficult skill to assess is listening. This presentation explores methods that can be used to assess listening - intensive, responsive, selective and extensive. This also looks at some tasks that can be used to assess listening. The presentation is based on the book published by Brown on Language Assessment Principles and Classroom Practice published by Longman. The presentation was created by Shama Kalam Siddiqui for presentation and talk at Ateneo De Manila University for a Masters in English and Literature Teaching Program.
Chpt 1 - How to teach Speaking ( by Scott Thornberry )Raquel Oliveira
The document discusses the complex skill of speaking and outlines several key components:
1) Conceptualization and formulation involve planning what to say and how to structure sentences based on the topic, purpose, and discourse type.
2) Articulation is the physical production of speech using organs like the lungs, vocal cords, tongue, teeth and lips.
3) Self-monitoring and repair allow speakers to correct any errors in formulation or articulation during speech.
With practice, these components become more automatic and fluent.
1. Teaching listening comprehension is of primary importance for achieving the communication aim of language teaching.
2. Listening comprehension involves an interactive process where listeners interact with the text, tasks, and external and internal contexts to understand spoken language.
3. Teachers can use a variety of activities to teach listening comprehension, including dialogues, simple conversations, short sketches and stories containing conversations, and reports from students, which recombine familiar words and phrases.
An effective reading program includes phonics, which teaches letter-sound relationships; vocabulary building; fluency training; comprehension exercises; and phonemic awareness, the ability to hear and manipulate sounds in words. The National Reading Panel endorses these five components as keys to an effective reading program.
This document discusses various tactics that interpreters use to cope with problems that arise during interpretation. It separates the tactics into three categories: comprehension tactics, preventive tactics, and reformulation tactics. The comprehension tactics are used when there are problems understanding the source language and include delaying response, reconstructing with context, and getting help from others. Preventive tactics are employed when problems may arise and include taking notes, adjusting ear-voice span, and segmenting information. Reformulation tactics address problems producing the target language such as replacing terms, explaining, or omitting information. The document provides examples of each tactic and notes some general rules interpreters follow in choosing tactics.
This document discusses important language skills including speaking, reading, writing, and listening. It suggests that the most important skill for a teacher is the ability to communicate effectively through language.
How do paralinguistics differ over the internet fromAlex_2828
Paralinguistics is the study of meaning conveyed through vocal elements like pitch, loudness, speech rate, and fluency. It focuses on how these elements imply attitudes, emotions, and sociolects. While linguistics studies language codes, paralinguistics examines other aspects of speech. Paralinguistics relates to linguistics subsystems like phonetics, phonology, syntax, and semantics. Online, people use emoticons and internet slang to convey paralinguistics since they cannot use voice. Emoticons especially help show emotions and whether something is meant as a joke. Overall, face-to-face and online communication share many paralinguistic qualities despite the lack of voice online.
This document discusses the key concepts and fundamentals of communication. It defines communication as the exchange of information, ideas, thoughts, and feelings through speech, signals, writing, or behavior. The document outlines the main types of communication as verbal, non-verbal, oral, and written. It provides details on each type, including the elements of non-verbal communication, advantages and disadvantages of oral and written communication, and the four essential pillars of communication: listening, speaking, reading, and writing.
While assessing Language acquisition, one of the most difficult skill to assess is listening. This presentation explores methods that can be used to assess listening - intensive, responsive, selective and extensive. This also looks at some tasks that can be used to assess listening. The presentation is based on the book published by Brown on Language Assessment Principles and Classroom Practice published by Longman. The presentation was created by Shama Kalam Siddiqui for presentation and talk at Ateneo De Manila University for a Masters in English and Literature Teaching Program.
Chpt 1 - How to teach Speaking ( by Scott Thornberry )Raquel Oliveira
The document discusses the complex skill of speaking and outlines several key components:
1) Conceptualization and formulation involve planning what to say and how to structure sentences based on the topic, purpose, and discourse type.
2) Articulation is the physical production of speech using organs like the lungs, vocal cords, tongue, teeth and lips.
3) Self-monitoring and repair allow speakers to correct any errors in formulation or articulation during speech.
With practice, these components become more automatic and fluent.
1. Teaching listening comprehension is of primary importance for achieving the communication aim of language teaching.
2. Listening comprehension involves an interactive process where listeners interact with the text, tasks, and external and internal contexts to understand spoken language.
3. Teachers can use a variety of activities to teach listening comprehension, including dialogues, simple conversations, short sketches and stories containing conversations, and reports from students, which recombine familiar words and phrases.
An effective reading program includes phonics, which teaches letter-sound relationships; vocabulary building; fluency training; comprehension exercises; and phonemic awareness, the ability to hear and manipulate sounds in words. The National Reading Panel endorses these five components as keys to an effective reading program.
This document discusses various tactics that interpreters use to cope with problems that arise during interpretation. It separates the tactics into three categories: comprehension tactics, preventive tactics, and reformulation tactics. The comprehension tactics are used when there are problems understanding the source language and include delaying response, reconstructing with context, and getting help from others. Preventive tactics are employed when problems may arise and include taking notes, adjusting ear-voice span, and segmenting information. Reformulation tactics address problems producing the target language such as replacing terms, explaining, or omitting information. The document provides examples of each tactic and notes some general rules interpreters follow in choosing tactics.
This document discusses important language skills including speaking, reading, writing, and listening. It suggests that the most important skill for a teacher is the ability to communicate effectively through language.
How do paralinguistics differ over the internet fromAlex_2828
Paralinguistics is the study of meaning conveyed through vocal elements like pitch, loudness, speech rate, and fluency. It focuses on how these elements imply attitudes, emotions, and sociolects. While linguistics studies language codes, paralinguistics examines other aspects of speech. Paralinguistics relates to linguistics subsystems like phonetics, phonology, syntax, and semantics. Online, people use emoticons and internet slang to convey paralinguistics since they cannot use voice. Emoticons especially help show emotions and whether something is meant as a joke. Overall, face-to-face and online communication share many paralinguistic qualities despite the lack of voice online.
Listening as a special skill of teaching English language - transcribingSubmissionResearchpa
1. The document discusses various techniques for teaching English language listening skills, including having students transcribe speech recordings. Transcribing speech word-for-word helps students practice understanding spoken English and improves their listening comprehension.
2. The document outlines different types of transcription, such as phonetic, systematic, and word-for-word transcription. It also provides steps teachers should follow when having students transcribe recordings, such as listening multiple times and allowing dictionary use.
3. Transcribing recordings is a beneficial exercise for students as it helps them master English sounds, practice writing, and display their grammar knowledge through self-correction. It also prepares students for conversational English.
This document outlines the syllabus for a sight translation course. It discusses different types of interpreting, including consecutive, simultaneous, and liaison interpreting. Sight translation is described as translating a written text orally, combining elements of written translation and interpreting. The course will focus on improving oral translation skills and analyzing translations. Students will practice translating current events, work in groups, and record individual sentence translations for analysis. Evaluation will consist of writing reports transcribing and analyzing class translations.
Communicative methods involve using speech to express meanings to others through pronouncing words, answering questions, using intonation, asking for clarification, taking part in discussions, and adapting speech for the listener. Interactions are two-way communications that keep the listener involved through making eye contact, speaking fluently, using facial expressions, asking check questions, clarifying meaning, and confirming understanding. Common speaking strategies include instructing, eliciting, narrating, prompting, asking for repetition, monitoring activities, persuading, asking for help, and commenting. Phrasal verbs are verb phrases with prepositions or adverbs that have different meanings than their separate parts, such as bring on, look at, take off, and put on
Interpreting involves facilitating oral or sign language communication between speakers of different languages, either simultaneously or consecutively. Interpreting refers to the process while interpretation refers to the product. An interpreter converts thoughts or expressions from one language to another with comparable meaning. There are several modes of interpreting including consecutive, simultaneous, whisper, liaison, and relay. Audiovisual interpreting can involve voice over, dubbing, sign language, subtitling and captioning. Translation differs from interpreting in that it involves written conversion of meaning from one written text to another, while interpreting is an oral exchange.
Assesing listening - language learning evaluationMuktia Amalina
This document discusses various skills and techniques for assessing English listening comprehension abilities. It covers micro skills like discriminating sounds and recognizing stress patterns. Assessment methods are grouped into intensive, responsive, selective and extensive listening. Specific tasks described include cloze exercises, information transfer, sentence repetition, dictation, stimulus-response questions, and more authentic approaches like note-taking, editing, interpretive tasks, and retelling. Alternatives aim to evaluate listening in a more communicative, interactive context.
This document outlines proficiency levels in language skills from novice to superior based on two scales: the Government/FSI scale and the ACTFL/ETS scale. It provides descriptions of the language abilities and levels of accuracy associated with novice, intermediate, and advanced proficiency levels based on years of foreign language study.
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) CurriculumMJDuyan
(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝟏)-𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐬
𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐄𝐏𝐏 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐮𝐦 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬:
- Understand the goals and objectives of the Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) curriculum, recognizing its importance in fostering practical life skills and values among students. Students will also be able to identify the key components and subjects covered, such as agriculture, home economics, industrial arts, and information and communication technology.
𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐜𝐨𝐩𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐧 𝐄𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐮𝐫:
-Define entrepreneurship, distinguishing it from general business activities by emphasizing its focus on innovation, risk-taking, and value creation. Students will describe the characteristics and traits of successful entrepreneurs, including their roles and responsibilities, and discuss the broader economic and social impacts of entrepreneurial activities on both local and global scales.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
Gender and Mental Health - Counselling and Family Therapy Applications and In...PsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
Communicating effectively and consistently with students can help them feel at ease during their learning experience and provide the instructor with a communication trail to track the course's progress. This workshop will take you through constructing an engaging course container to facilitate effective communication.
Listening as a special skill of teaching English language - transcribingSubmissionResearchpa
1. The document discusses various techniques for teaching English language listening skills, including having students transcribe speech recordings. Transcribing speech word-for-word helps students practice understanding spoken English and improves their listening comprehension.
2. The document outlines different types of transcription, such as phonetic, systematic, and word-for-word transcription. It also provides steps teachers should follow when having students transcribe recordings, such as listening multiple times and allowing dictionary use.
3. Transcribing recordings is a beneficial exercise for students as it helps them master English sounds, practice writing, and display their grammar knowledge through self-correction. It also prepares students for conversational English.
This document outlines the syllabus for a sight translation course. It discusses different types of interpreting, including consecutive, simultaneous, and liaison interpreting. Sight translation is described as translating a written text orally, combining elements of written translation and interpreting. The course will focus on improving oral translation skills and analyzing translations. Students will practice translating current events, work in groups, and record individual sentence translations for analysis. Evaluation will consist of writing reports transcribing and analyzing class translations.
Communicative methods involve using speech to express meanings to others through pronouncing words, answering questions, using intonation, asking for clarification, taking part in discussions, and adapting speech for the listener. Interactions are two-way communications that keep the listener involved through making eye contact, speaking fluently, using facial expressions, asking check questions, clarifying meaning, and confirming understanding. Common speaking strategies include instructing, eliciting, narrating, prompting, asking for repetition, monitoring activities, persuading, asking for help, and commenting. Phrasal verbs are verb phrases with prepositions or adverbs that have different meanings than their separate parts, such as bring on, look at, take off, and put on
Interpreting involves facilitating oral or sign language communication between speakers of different languages, either simultaneously or consecutively. Interpreting refers to the process while interpretation refers to the product. An interpreter converts thoughts or expressions from one language to another with comparable meaning. There are several modes of interpreting including consecutive, simultaneous, whisper, liaison, and relay. Audiovisual interpreting can involve voice over, dubbing, sign language, subtitling and captioning. Translation differs from interpreting in that it involves written conversion of meaning from one written text to another, while interpreting is an oral exchange.
Assesing listening - language learning evaluationMuktia Amalina
This document discusses various skills and techniques for assessing English listening comprehension abilities. It covers micro skills like discriminating sounds and recognizing stress patterns. Assessment methods are grouped into intensive, responsive, selective and extensive listening. Specific tasks described include cloze exercises, information transfer, sentence repetition, dictation, stimulus-response questions, and more authentic approaches like note-taking, editing, interpretive tasks, and retelling. Alternatives aim to evaluate listening in a more communicative, interactive context.
This document outlines proficiency levels in language skills from novice to superior based on two scales: the Government/FSI scale and the ACTFL/ETS scale. It provides descriptions of the language abilities and levels of accuracy associated with novice, intermediate, and advanced proficiency levels based on years of foreign language study.
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) CurriculumMJDuyan
(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝟏)-𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐬
𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐄𝐏𝐏 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐮𝐦 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬:
- Understand the goals and objectives of the Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) curriculum, recognizing its importance in fostering practical life skills and values among students. Students will also be able to identify the key components and subjects covered, such as agriculture, home economics, industrial arts, and information and communication technology.
𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐜𝐨𝐩𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐧 𝐄𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐮𝐫:
-Define entrepreneurship, distinguishing it from general business activities by emphasizing its focus on innovation, risk-taking, and value creation. Students will describe the characteristics and traits of successful entrepreneurs, including their roles and responsibilities, and discuss the broader economic and social impacts of entrepreneurial activities on both local and global scales.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
Gender and Mental Health - Counselling and Family Therapy Applications and In...PsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
Communicating effectively and consistently with students can help them feel at ease during their learning experience and provide the instructor with a communication trail to track the course's progress. This workshop will take you through constructing an engaging course container to facilitate effective communication.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...