This document provides an overview of a project to update the 2017 stakeholder landscape map of Canada's oil and gas sector innovation ecosystem. It outlines the project objectives, scope, timeframe, and context. It then presents the updated 2022 stakeholder landscape map and highlights some key trends in the landscape since 2017, including increased government focus on climate change, growth of cleantech organizations, and emphasis on the green transition. The document aims to capture the current innovation ecosystem to support CRIN in advocacy and stakeholder collaboration.

1. 1
Presented July 29, 2022, by:
Omer Kaya, Chief Executive Officer
Kathryn Kavanagh, Research Analyst, Project Co-Lead
Rustam Nurbekov, Research Analyst, Project Co-Lead
Edmer Buen, Senior Multimedia Developer
Alison Miller, Research Analyst
Sanjeev Gupta, Research Analyst
GACG © July 2022
Final Briefing Deck
Canada’s Oil & Gas Sector
Innovation Stakeholder
Landscape (2022)

2. Table of Contents
Project Objectives, Scope, and Timeframe 3
Oil and Gas Sector Innovation Stakeholder Landscape 9
Impact of the Oil & Gas Sector to the Canadian Economy 17
National Challenges and Opportunities 25
The Key Role of Oil & Gas Research & Innovation and Cleantech – Where is it
Happening?
30
Broader Context for Canada’s R&D/Innovation 31
Federal Government Involvement in the O&G and Innovation 36
Provincial and Municipal Activities and Priorities 42
Universities and Colleges 51
Not-For-Profits and Networks 55
Incubators and Accelerators 60
Private Sector – E&P, Innovation, and Investment 64
Who is using the Oil and Gas that Canada Produces? 72
Domestic Markets 73
Global Markets 77
Looking Forward to 2030 and 2050 81
Economic, Environmental, and Social Results 91
CRIN at the Centre of the Oil & Gas Innovation Ecosystem 95
Next Steps 99

3. Objectives:
• Identify, analyze, and comprehensively map key stakeholders in Canada’s Oil and Gas Sector Innovation Space
• Update the 2017 CRIN Ecosystem Map by revising information and adding comparative analysis and trends
Scope:
• Provide a database with information on stakeholders in the Oil and Gas Sector to act as an evergreen
document
• Provide a Map displaying how stakeholders and major sectors interact with one another in the Oil and Gas
ecosystem
• Display the impact of Oil and Gas Innovation within the Canadian Economy
• Highlight CRIN’s central role as an innovation network in the Oil and Gas Sector
Goals:
• Create a digital and visual capability for CRIN that supports both the network and its members in their
advocacy efforts and their ongoing stakeholder collaboration
• Provide CRIN and its members with an analytical data foundation for an evergreen map tool
3
Project Objectives and Scope

4. 4
Project Timeframe
1.Initial
consultations with
Project Authority
starting no later
than April 11th,
2022
1.Present a
skeleton outline of
the Stakeholder
Landscape Map
and skeleton
Database to the
Project Authority
by May 30th, 2022.
1.Present a draft of
the Ecosystem
Map, Database and
Briefing Deck to
the Project
Authority by June
30th, 2022, for
discussion and
feedback.
1.Provide the final
Stakeholder Map,
Database and
Briefing Deck to
the Project
Authority by July
29th, 2022.

5. 2017 Version
• Global Advantage Consulting Group (GACG) created the first iteration of the O&G innovation ecosystem
map for CRIN in 2017, highlighting key implementers, tools, and resources in the sector to assist in
policymaking and supporting the acquisition of $100 M in funding from the Strategic Innovation Fund
• The tool was posted to CRIN’s website for members, but it had limited interactivity and use
2022 Version – Phase I (current project)
• GACG updates the O&G innovation ecosystem map, and provides a linked database that captures detailed
information about sector stakeholders in a changing landscape
• The map is interactive, allowing users to click on an element and be taken to a page in the associated
database deliverable or to an external source
Subsequent Phases could involve investigating the various use cases and enhancing the user experience,
improving navigation and refining interactivity, and updating the content on a regular basis.
5
Project Context: Recap
2017 2022 2023 2024 …
………………………………………………………………………

6. The purpose of a stakeholder landscape map is to visually represent the Actors, Activities, Tools, and Resources of
an ecosystem in order to identify high-level relationships between stakeholders.
6
What is a Stakeholder Landscape Map?
Arrows represent flows of Money, People, Information,
and Materials and between key stakeholder groups
The map is linked to an accompanying database and
external sources, so that further details are easily available
by clicking on the relevant text box.
Text boxes include data and analysis that highlight major
players and their activities in each of the key sectors,
enabling map users to make informed decisions

7. 7
Benefits of a Stakeholder Landscape Map for CRIN Members
1. Acts as a visual strategy tool for a greater commercialization
roadmap
2. Provides quick access to the relevant policy, innovation, and
funding landscape
3. Helps members discover synergies with other players in the
ecosystem
4. Provides an integrated, whole-system approach to mapping
5. Guides members on the activities and flows within Canada’s
oil & gas innovation landscape
6. Acts as a quick-access one-stop-shop for all members
across Canada with information spanning each region
7. Gain an understanding of regional ecosystem dynamics
8. Access to a comprehensive database with the ability to sort
and filter
9. Opportunity to assess and respond to key risks in the
landscape
10. Opportunity to assess and leverage vital growth points

8. 8
Canada’s Oil and Gas Sector Innovation Stakeholder Landscape Map (2022)
Federal
Government
Granting
Councils
Higher Education
Networks
and NFPs
Private
Sector
Global
Markets
Provincial/Territorial Governments
and Key Municipalities
Domestic
Markets
Economic Impact of Canadian O&G,
Sector Challenges and Opportunities
Ecosystem Health and
Desired Results (economic,
environmental, and social)
Global Risks
Landscape
Looking
Forward to
2030 and 2050

9. Oil & Gas Sector Innovation
Stakeholder Landscape
Bottom Line Up Front and Key Trends in the Landscape since 2017
9

10. 1. In recent years, the Federal Government has made multiple policy changes to increase GHG emission
benchmarks and accelerate the green transition
2. Since 2015, the federal government has invested $100 B into fighting climate change, and since 2017 has
invested $2.3 B into clean technology
3. Provinces have been dealing with their emissions in their own way, and emphasising the need for different
approaches depending on the province
4. Alberta remains at the centre of the O&G space in multiple sectors
5. Higher education institutions, especially universities, are beginning to add further emphasis on engaging the
accelerator space in order to commercialise research
6. There has been a proliferation of not-for-profits (NFPs), networks, and business accelerators and incubators
(BAIs) since 2017. According to GACG research, there are 51 NFPs and networks and 67 BAIs working in the
O&G innovations space in 2022.
7. Engaging with the private sector to incentivise the adoption of new clean technologies will improve
commercialisation and adoption, and continue to help the sector to grow post-pandemic
8. Supply chain issues are impacting the O&G sector, but investing in digitalisation and engaging a diverse group
of suppliers can help companies avoid delays in delivery
9. The clean technology industry in Canada has grown since 2016, but is struggling to diversify export markets
10. The top 5 global risks in 5-10 years are all related to the impacts of climate change
10
Bottom Line Up Front
Sources: GACG Analysis and Visualization, Budget 2022, The Global Risks Report 2022, BDC: Supply Chain Disruptions

11. The Green Transition
• Many 2017 programs have been centralized under NRCan's Office of Energy Research and Development,
including the Energy Innovation Program and the Clean Growth Program (CGP). Other programs have distributed
all their funding, like the Oil and Gas Cleantech Fund (also under the CGP). Finally, some programs have been
relocated under accelerators such as the Alberta Carbon Conversion Centre under Innotech Alberta
• Provinces and territories are still in the process of creating, updating, and refining climate change and
emissions plans, but almost all of them have at least one document that drives the province towards Canada’s
2030 goals, with many of them emphasizing clean technology innovation and carbon capture
• The Federal Government has increased restrictions on emissions, providing higher benchmarks on minimum
emissions standards for the provinces and territories. Response plans to these benchmarks change depending
on which party is elected to premierships in the provinces, but federal minimum standards ensure that we do not
go backwards
11
The Accelerated Green Transition
Source: GACG Analysis, Cleantech GDP, Budget 2022
“Smart climate investments today are good for Canadian workers, good for the Canadian economy, and good for
the planet. With the largest mobilization of global capital since the Industrial Revolution already underway,
Canada has the chance to become a leader in the clean energy of the future” – Budget 2022
CRIN’s position as an innovation network includes being a responsive partner in the green transition. Supporting
benchmarks, improving intergovernmental cooperation, putting forward evidence-based advice to stakeholders,
and advancing clean technologies are all parts of this position.

12. 12
Changing Federal Government Priorities
Source: GACG Analysis, Budget 2021, Budget 2022
• Since 2015, the federal government has invested more than $100
B in fighting climate change and protecting the environment
• Since 2019, it is not free to pollute anywhere in Canada.
Provincial and territorial governments can implement their own
systems to meet the federal benchmark; those who do not
subject to a federal backstop
• An increase in the Strategic Innovation Fund’s budget, from $1.7
B over five years in 2017 to $7.2 B over seven years in 2021, with
a further $1 B over 6 years in 2022.
• Since 2015, $8 B has been allocated to the Net-Zero Accelerator
• Since 2019, incentives to purchase zero-emission vehicles for
private and commercial use have increased
• In 2022, increased budgetary measures towards a greener
economy and society include a $5 B green bond to finance
investment in green infrastructure, $4.4 B for home retrofits to
increase energy efficiency in the residential sector, and a new
CCUS investment tax credit that is currently in the planning
stages
Budget 2022 established the Canada Growth
Fund, a new public investment vehicle with an
initial capitalization of $15 B over 5 years, to
support climate goals and economic
diversification.
“On the fight against climate change alone — to
build a net-zero economy by 2050 — Canada will
need between $125 B and $140 B of investment
every year. Today, annual investment in the
climate transition is between $15 B and $25 B. No
one government can close that gap.”
Budget 2022

13. The global cleantech market is projected to exceed $3.3 T in 2022,
about 2% of anticipated global GDP
• The goal from 2017 of expanding the contribution of the clean
technology industry to Canada’s GDP by 2025 has been partially
realized. Cleantech companies contributed $31 B to Canada's GDP
in 2020 and created at least 211,000 jobs in the same year.
• Ontario is at the forefront of Canada’s cleantech industry, and in
some of the years since 2017, has more than doubled its GDP
contribution compared to the next highest performer.
Clean Technology Exports
• In 2019, Canada’s environmental and cleantech exports, including
clean energy, totalled $13.5 B – but Canada’s share of the global
cleantech export market is small, estimated at only 1% to 2%.
• The government has set a target of $20 B in cleantech exports by
2025, a tripling in value and in excess of 11% growth per year.
Canada still needs to expand its cleantech export destinations
13
Growing Clean Technology Markets
Source: GACG Analysis and Visualisations, EDC - Canada’s Cleantech Future, Cleantech Group
Canada’s Cleantech Export Destinations

14. 14
O&G and Energy-Related R&D Still Significant, but Concentrated in a
Few Groups
Source: Sector spending; Top 100 corporate spenders, StatsCan Energy-related research and development expenditures
Canada's Top 100 R&D Firms (2021)
• R&D spending by O&G/Energy Sector companies puts the
sector in 4th place behind Pharmaceuticals, Software, and
Telecommunications
Suncor Energy, Canadian Natural Resources, Imperial Oil, Syncrude and TC Energy invested a total of about
$1.1 B in R&D in 2020
Energy-related R&D in Canada is concentrated in a
handful of industries. Four groups account for
73.8% of all outsourced energy-related R&D
expenditure. Petroleum and coal product
manufacturing was by far the largest contributor
at 46.1%, followed by oil and gas extraction,
contract drilling and related services (15.7%)
Oil and gas extraction, contract drilling, and
related services alone accounted for over a
quarter (25.4%) of in-house energy R&D
spending, down from 2014 when this subsector
represented more than half (51.3%)

15. • Ongoing issues with supply chains
impact costs and prices in every
sector
• Supply chain issues reverberate up
and down the O&G value chain, from
end user to upstream producer
• Recommendations from the Business
Development Bank of Canada to
address supply chain issues include
moving away from just-in-time
delivery, investing in digitalisation,
and diversification of suppliers
• Digitalisation is an innovation that
CRIN is already in, and there is a
space here to connect with
businesses that are involved in supply
chain digitalisation
15
Supply Chain Issues Impacting O&G Innovation
Sources: StatsCan – Analysis on Supply Chains, BDC: Supply Chain Disruptions
57%
47% 47%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
Business expects difficulty
acquiring inputs, products or
supplies from within Canada
for six months or more
Business expects difficulty
acquiring inputs, products or
supplies from abroad for six
months or more
Business expects maintaining
inventory levels to be an
obstacle for six months or
more
Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas extraction Sector Expectations
of Supply Chain Interruptions (%) (April 2022)
“There is no miracle solution to these challenges. The pressure on
supply chains will remain acute and prices high throughout the
year [2022].” - Sylvie Ratté, Senior Economist at BDC

16. Not-for-Profits (NFPs) and Networks
• The 2017 map noted 26 industry and national associations with interests in the Oil and Gas Sector. In 2022, the NFP
engagement in the O&G space has increased, with 51 different NFPs working at the national, provincial, and Indigenous levels
• All four of the federally funded NFPs noted in the 2017 map are still in operation, with Mitacs offering an opportunity for CRIN’s
membership to engage with academia and acquire research partners for innovation
Accelerators and Incubators
• In the 2017 map, GACG brought attention to 11 accelerators and incubators working in the oil and gas innovation space. In
2022, 67 different accelerators are included, showing how the sector has grown since 2017
• In 2017, one of the accelerators that GACG took note of was Foresight Cleantech Accelerator Centre (Foresight Canada). This
accelerator now works with partners from over 150 countries worldwide, including international network funders such as
Eureka. Foresight Canada made $225 M worth of capital investments in 2020-2021, almost half of the total amount Foresight
has made to date, and $180 M in revenue. As Foresight Canada’s partner, CRIN may wish to leverage the wide, international
network that this accelerator has accumulated
16
Sources: GACG Analysis, Foresight Canada – Annual Report 2020-21
Proliferating NFPs, Networks, and BAIs in the Landscape
Not-for-Profits (NFPs), Networks, Incubators, and Accelerators were given some attention in the 2017 Map, but these sectors
have expanded to meet the needs of a changing innovation landscape, working with government, academic, and private sector
partners to offer networks, funds, and advocacy to the O&G innovation sector
Accelerators and incubators often have funding partners that they work with, making them a type of network. Between this and the
companies that receive funding from them, they offer a great opportunity for connecting businesses with CRIN, and for CRIN to act
as the link between its membership and accelerator funding

17. Impact of the Oil & Gas Sector to
the Canadian Economy
17

18. 18
Cross-Canada Economic Impact of the O&G Sector
Source: Statistics Canada - GDP, NRCan Energy Factbook 2021-2022, Canadian Industry Statistics, World Top Companies Ranks of 2022
Canada rank
2022
World Rank
2022
Company
Annual Revenue
($US)
Market Value
2022 ($US)
Number of
Employees
1 201 ENBRIDGE 37.6 B 82.2 B 11,200
2 331
CANADIAN NATURAL
RESOURCES
24 B 55.6 B 9,709
3 405
TC ENERGY
CORPORATION
10.7 B 47.8 B 7,283
4 527 SUNCOR ENERGY 31.3 B 38.7 B 12,591
5 751 CENOVUS ENERGY 37 B 27.7 B 751
6 786 IMPERIAL OIL 30 B 26.7 B 5,800
Top Canadian Oil and Gas Companies in the World Top-1000
• In 2021, there were 7,937 Oil and Gas firms in
Canada, down from 8,891 in 2016
• In 2021, Canadian Oil and Gas Sector provided
almost 170 K direct jobs, down from 193 K in 2016
• Canadian Oil and Gas exports amounted to $86 B
(2020), up from $69.2 B in 2016
• Nearly all Oil and Gas firms in Canada are Canadian
owned and operated
Canadian oil and natural gas provided $146 B or 6.7% to Canada's $1.9 T gross domestic product (GDP) in 2021
O&G’s Share of Canadian GDP, 2017–2021 ($B)
Between 2017 and 2021 the share of the Oil and Gas sector
in Canada's GDP remained at about 7.6%
$1,749 B $1,794 B
$1,828 B $1,738 B $1,820 B
$143 B $153 B $152 B
$138 B
$146 B
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Other Industries Oil and Gas Sector

19. 19
Employment in the Canadian Oil and Gas Industry
Source: O&G share of GDP, Employment data, Labour Market Outlook 2021-2023, NRCan Energy Factbook 2021-2022
In 2021, there were about 169,470 direct jobs in the O&G sector. The labour market outlook for Canada’s oil & gas industry for
2021-2023 foresees a net hiring requirement of almost 20,000 jobs, about 7,800 due to industrial activity and the remainder to
replace an aging workforce. In 2020, approximately 10.4 K Indigenous people were employed in the Oil and Gas sector.
Many of the top ten occupations with the greatest hiring requirements
in 2021-2023 are core sector workers.
(NOC code)
Downsizing since 2014 and the impacts of the pandemic are making it difficult to attract sufficient skilled workers.
Oil & Gas Sector Direct Jobs (2021): 169,470
Source: CANSIM Tables 383-0031 | NAICS Codes: 211, 21311A, 2212, 32411, 3241A, 412, 486

20. The Changing Environmental Demands on Innovation
and O&G
• The O&G industry is an important contributor to
Canada’s GDP, but recognition of the future of
clean technology and the energy transition is a
necessity for the industry and Canada as a whole
• Federal benchmarks laid out in 2030 Emissions
Reduction Plan: Clean Air, Strong Economy also
set the minimum standard every province must
meet: 40% below 2005 emissions levels by 2030
and net-zero emissions by 2050
• Provincial Emissions and Climate Plans are also
setting goals for the sector beyond Federal
benchmarks
20
The 2030 Emissions Reduction Plan sets Benchmarks
Source: 2030 Emissions Reduction Plan: Clean Air, Strong Economy

21. 21
GACG’s analysis of the ERP identifies 104 total measures impacting 11 areas to reduce GHG emissions to 443 Mt
by 2030. With such an ambitious plan, how can the O&G sector act upon all of the relevant measures?

22. 22
The Emissions Reduction Plan is
incredibly complex, requiring
collaboration between 17 departments
on 104 total measures … to transform
the way Canadians work, live, play, and
travel
At least 11 individual measures are
stated to require collaboration between
multiple departments and agencies or
provincial governments.

23. 23
Four Impact Areas Make Up Three-Quarters of Target Reductions
Source: 2030 Emissions Reduction Plan, GACG Analysis and Visualization
Oil and Gas 191 Mt → 110 Mt 81 Mt
Transportation 186 Mt → 143 Mt 43 Mt
Electricity 61 Mt → 14 Mt 47 Mt
Buildings 91 Mt → 53 Mt 38 Mt
These four impact areas significantly affect consumers and represent 73% (209 Mt) of the ERP’s total target
emissions reductions (287 Mt)

24. The Canada Growth Fund and the Canadian Innovation and Investment Agency
• The Canada Growth Fund offers $15 B over the next five years to accelerate the investment of private capital
into decarbonization and clean technology projects. Budget 2022 outlines that Canada needs $125 B-$140 B of
investment/year to reach our 2050 climate goals. This is a minimum of a $110 B increase from where Canada
currently stands ($15-$25 B/year)
• The development of a Canadian Innovation and Investment Agency to address “low rate of private business
investment in research, development, and the uptake of new technologies.” The federal government is offering
$1 B over five years, starting in 2022-23, to set up this agency.
As an innovation network, CRIN could engage its membership with these new initiatives, but also use these
initiatives to further expand its network and impact
24
Budget 2022 Aims to Increase Private Capital Investment in the Clean
Technology Space
Source: Budget 2022
“In the face of uncertainty, business investment can be paralyzed by a “wait-and-see” approach. But to succeed
in an uncertain world, Canada must invest in its future now” – Budget 2022
• Budget 2022 emphasizes the enormous growth in the clean technology sector prior to the pandemic but
warns that global uncertainty may hamper continued development. On top of the investments promised in
Budget 2021, in 2022 the Federal Government is working to mobilize private capital in the clean growth
sector with a new fund and a new agency:

25. National Challenges and Opportunities
25

26. 2022: A Year of Challenges
• Challenges to the O&G industry in 2022 include:
emissions reduction, Canada’s lagging economic
performance, the war in Ukraine, supply chain
issues, and COVID-19 Economic Recovery
Emissions
• The O&G sector was responsible for 27% of GHG
emissions in Canada in 2020
• The oil sands is one of the largest drivers of emissions
growth in the O&G Sector
• Total GHG emissions remained stable in 2015-2019
(between 700 and 750 Mt CO2/year during this
period)
• In 2020, emissions dropped to 672 Mt CO2 due to
the pandemic, but this trend is unlikely to continue
as the world returns to pre-pandemic levels of
activity
26
What are the current challenges?
Source: Environment and Climate Change Canada: GHG Sources and Sinks
Total:
672 Mt CO2

27. Canada’s Lagging Long-Term Economic Growth
27
Source: Budget 2022
Canada is projected to have one of the lowest-
per-capita GDP growth rates among OECD
member countries.
Budget 2022 intends to boost investment in the
supply side of the economy but does not offer an
established strategy and plan to address the
issue of long-term economic growth.
Of note, Budget 2022 calls for establishing a
permanent Council of Economic Advisors to
provide expert advice and policy options, with
more details to come in upcoming months.

28. 28
Where are the current opportunities?
The Clean Technology Opportunity
• Clean technology and innovation present an
opportunity for the Oil and Gas sector to reduce its
carbon footprint and improve future environmental
outcomes for Canada as a whole
• The 2017 Clean Technology Data Strategy provides
information on the impact of the Clean Technology
sector in Canada, including high GDP impact per
region (see map at right)
• For the O&G Sector, Clean Technology includes
digitization, remediation, transportation
improvements (pipelines and transit), water
treatment, and investments in areas like hydrogen
and geothermal
Cleantech Sector’s GDP Contributions (2020)
courtesy of the Clean Technology Data Strategy
In 2019, the clean technology sector was growing at twice the pace of the total Canadian economy – A trend that
is expected to continue as we come out of the pandemic, and an opportunity for CRIN as a central innovation
network to pivot their members even further towards innovating and, importantly, implementing clean
technologies
Source: Clean Technology Data Strategy, StatsCan: Environmental and clean technology products sector grew at twice the pace as the total economy in 2019

29. 29
Cleantech in Canada’s Energy Future
Source: NRCan Energy Factbook 2021-2022
“The challenges of transitioning to a lower carbon energy system are numerous, but they also present opportunities
for Canada to be a global leader by supporting innovative technologies in the energy sector, including promoting
our growing renewables and cleantech sectors.” – Natural Resources Canada

30. The Key Role of Oil & Gas Research &
Innovation and Cleantech – Where is
it Happening?
30

31. Broader Context for Canada’s R&D/Innovation
31

32. Canada’s Weak Attempts at R&D/Innovation Strategy
32
Source: OECD Main Science and Technology Indicators, GACG Analysis and Visualization
1.00
1.20
1.40
1.60
1.80
2.00
2.20
2.40
2.60
2.80
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
GERD as % of GDP (2000-2020)
$23 B Gap
A Plan to Grow our
Economy
Freeland/Sabia
/Budget 2022
Canada’s Innovation
Strategy – Alan
Rock (IC) and Jane
Stewart (HRSDC)
(2002)
Expert Panel
Report on
Commercialization
– Joe Rotman
(2005)
Mobilizing S&T to
Canada’s Advantage –
Maxime Bernier (IC)
and Jim Flaherty
(Finance) (2007)
Innovation Canada: A Call
to Action,– Expert Panel
Report – Tom Jenkins
(2011)
Seizing Canada’s
Moment – Moving
Forward in Science,
Technology and
Innovation – Ed Holder
(Minister of State S&T)
(2014)
Innovation and
Skills Plan
Bains/Knubley/
Budget 2017
OECD Average
Canada
2.68%
1.70%

33. Major Flows of R&D Funding 2021
33
Source: Statistics Canada - Table: 27-10-0273-01 (formerly CANSIM 358-0001), Global Advantage Analysis and Visualization
Total R&D in Canada: $40 B
2 Primary Performers of R&D in Canada are the Higher Education and Business Sector
Six (6) Sources of
R&D Funding
Four (4) Key
Performers of R&D

34. Navdeep Bains and John Knubley: The Problems Remain!
(February 23, 2022)
34
Source: Getting Canada Back on Track after COVID-19
”A legacy of troubling underlying issues in Canada’s innovation performance
also existed – and still remains – as challenges to be overcome. These include
poor productivity growth, low business investment in R&D, anemic
commercialization, poor rates of technological adoption and a recent run of
underinvestment in science, technology and talent.”
“Moving forward, the country badly needs a broader dialogue and debate about
its strategic innovation and technology interests.”
Getting Back on Track after COVID-19?

35. Where do Nations Perform R&D? – Canada is an outlier!
35
Source: OECD, GACG Analysis and Visualization
17%
10%
71%
2%
12%
10%
74%
5%
23%
7%
68%
2%
17%
14%
69%
0%
8%
10%
80%
2%
41%
7%
51%
1%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Higher Education Public Sector Private Sector Other
Share
of
Total
R&D
Expenditures
OECD Avg US UK Germany S. Korea Canada
OECD Average

36. Federal Government Involvement in the O&G and Innovation
Sector
36

37. • The Federal Government plays multiple roles in the clean
tech and O&G Innovation environment:
• Policy-maker
• Funder
• Regulator
• Power-Broker
• Business Partner
• Global Collaborator
• Since 2017, the Federal government has invested over
$2.3 billion into clean technology. It also put $121 M into
O&G Energy RD&D in 2019-2020 (see at right)
• There have been multiple Federal government programs
that have been started in order to kick-start and support
Canadian Innovation and clean technology. Many of
these programs are done in partnership with other
sectors
37
Federal Government Involvement in Innovation and Cleantech
Source: Federal ecosystem of support for clean technology, NRCan Energy Factbook 2021-2022
Expenditures on
Energy RD&D by
Technology Area ($M)

38. • GACG found 64 different government programs, funds,
and resources dealing with the O&G sector
• The majority of these deal with cleaner fuel innovation
(75%), indirect O&G innovations (40%), and/or remediation
(39%)
• The two departments with the most programs are Natural
Resources Canada with 16 (including the Office of Energy
Research and Development), and Innovation, Science
and Economic Development Canada, which sponsors
eight programs and funds, including the Strategic
Innovation Fund and the Clean Growth Hub (see at right)
• There are also 35 different Regional Development Agency
Programs in place that may have applicability to O&G
38
Federal Government Programs and Development Agencies
Source: GACG Analysis and Visuals
Regional Development Agencies do not to have funds specifically for O&G, however regional innovation
funds like the Economic Development Initiative work to support innovation and diversification in different
Canadian regions and so can be used to support O&G innovation. CRIN may wish to leverage their position to
help identify opportunities for membership in programs and funds that may seem to have a less obvious
connection to oil and gas.

39. 39
Federal Government: Natural Resources Canada
Source: NRCan: Current Investments, NRCan - Carbon capture, utilization and storage strategy, Budget 2021
Project Support in Oil & Gas
• NRCan’s Office of Energy Research and
Development and the Energy Innovation
Program have helped drive innovation funding in
Canada
• In 2022, NRCan supports six major RD&D
innovation projects in the oil and gas sector.
NRCan funding in these projects totalled $7.7 M,
with some of the projects receiving between 40-
80% of their funding from NRCan
• There is $319 M available in CCUS funding over
seven years (Starting in 2021-2022) from
NRCan. These are innovations that CRIN has
centred as a critical method of greening oil and
gas
“CCUS is critical to six key pathways to a
prosperous net-zero economy in Canada” - NRCan

40. 40
Departments, Agencies, and Crown Corporations with an International
Focus in Clean Technology
Source: StatsCan – Export of Canadian Cleantech, Trade Commission on Clean Technology, EDC: 2021 Annual Report
Global Affairs and the Trade Commission
• Canada exported nearly $10 B worth of Clean Tech goods and services in 2020
• Federal departments, agencies, and crown corporations are pushing the growth of the Clean
Technology investment: Global Affairs, Export Development Canada, and the Trade Commissioner
Service (TCS), for example, are advocating Canada’s position in this industry globally
• TCS now has Clean Technology commissioners in 100 countries
Export Development Canada
• EDC saw their clean technology business
nearly double between 2019 and 2020,
despite the pandemic, and added almost
$2 B dollars again in 2021
• In 2021, EDC had 324 clean technology
financial customers, up from 288 in 2020,
and a 64% increase over 210 in 2018

41. 41
Federal Granting Councils
Source: Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Awards Database, GACG Analysis and Visualization
• The three federal granting councils, the Natural
Sciences and Engineering Research Council of
Canada (NSERC), the Social Sciences and
Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC),
and the Canadian Institute for Health Research
(CIHR) collectively provide peer-reviewed funding
for more than 17,000 researchers across the
country
• Oil and Gas and related research activities are
funded mostly through NSERC
• Thus, between the fiscal years of 2016-17 and
2020-21, NSERC issued 342 awards for oil and gas
and oil and gas related research activities totaling
$35.5 M
Between 2016-2021, Albertan Universities (University of
Alberta and University of Calgary) received the most
awards from NSERC by number and overall funding
On Average, NSERC Award amounts have been rising,
with a notable exception being in FY2020-2021

42. Provincial and Municipal Activities and Priorities
42

43. • GACG found 25 O&G related grants, strategies,
and programs in six provinces and one territory
• 36% of these programs are in Alberta (9), and 24%
are in Saskatchewan (6)
• These programs covered a wide variety of O&G
related topics, including emissions reduction, natural
gas expansion, exploration, royalties, and innovation
in the sector
• Programs like Ontario’s Natural Gas Expansion
Program and Alberta’s CCUS Program receive private
sector support from companies like Enbridge and
Chevron
• GACG also found 12 plans and strategies
supporting cleaner fuels initiatives across ten
provinces and two territories
• Many of these fall under the province or territory’s
overarching climate change or emissions action plan
43
Provincial O&G Programs
Source: GACG Analysis
British Columbia has a dedicated
Minister for Energy, Mines and Low
Carbon Innovation, which offers a
vertically integrated portfolio for the
energy transition – this may be an
example for how other provinces could
look at their own resource and
innovation offices, and offers CRIN an
opportunity to engage provinces on
this kind of future-looking government
policy

44. • Alberta produces 80% of the oil in Canada, and
69% of its natural gas (over twice as much as
B.C., the second largest producer)
• In 2021, Albertan O&G extraction was
responsible for an $80 B contribution to
Canada’s GDP. Saskatchewan, the second
largest contributor in this sector, sat at a $10 B
contribution.
• Alberta has maintained an O&G extraction
contribution to GDP at least seven times higher
than every other province since 2017
• Alberta’s overall contribution to Canada’s GDP in
2021 was $323 B, meaning that just O&G extraction
made up 24.7% of its GDP contributions
44
Alberta as the Powerhouse of O&G Extraction GDP Contributions
Source: Canadian Energy Regulator, Statistics Canada – GDP by Province/Territory, GACG Analysis and Visualisation
Oil and Gas Extraction by Province ($M) 2017-2021
(NAICS 211)
A shortcoming to this kind of resource focus is that
it exposes a lot of the province’s economy to
market volatility. Encouraging oil and gas
companies and the province at large to diversify
assets and invest in green and clean technologies
can help protect against this and CRIN is in a prime
position to do so.

45. • Provinces with larger O&G industries tend
to have higher emissions
• Ontario is an exception to the rule, likely as
a result of having the largest city in the
country
• In 2020, the top 5 emitters (Alberta,
Ontario, Quebec, Saskatchewan and
British Columbia) together released 91%
of Canada's national total GHG emissions
• The Pan-Canadian Framework on Clean
Growth and Climate Change is the Federal
guide on emissions reduction has been
signed on by every province and territory
except for Saskatchewan
• This document deals with not just the O&G
sector, but instead has a cross-sectoral
approach, including transport, electricity,
and the built environment
45
Provincial Emissions and the Pan-Canadian Framework on Clean
Growth and Climate Change
Source: ECCC - Greenhouse Gas Emissions, GACG Analysis and Visualization
Greenhouse gas emissions
by province and territory
(Mt CO2) - 2020

46. Different Solutions for Different Provinces
• Provinces are making the move towards net-zero in different ways, supported by federal benchmarks,
equalization agreements, and inter-provincial cooperation
• Climate change and emissions reduction action plans vary from province to province, with some using a
variety of policies versus central emissions plans
• Changes to the party affiliation of premiers after elections affect the way provinces deal with emissions
reduction, but federal benchmarks ensure that provinces must have a plan to meet minimum standards
46
Provincial Green Solutions
Source: CleanBC, The Way Forward, Quebec: Plan for a Green Economy, GACG Analysis

47. Ontario and Alberta
• Investment in clean technology and the
establishment of provincial innovation spaces have
been key solutions for provinces like Ontario
(leading clean technology industry in Canada) and
Alberta (focused on clean technology in the oil and
gas space)
• 2020 hit Albertan and Ontarian Clean Tech sectors
differently. Ontario saw a decrease in Cleantech GDP
contribution of 8% between 2019 and 2020, while
Alberta saw a minor increase of 1%. In exports,
however, Ontario saw a 7% increase in export
numbers, while Alberta saw a drop of 27% in exports
• A variety of factors such as COVID, supply chain
deficiencies, low export demand, and low oil prices may
have contributed to the disparities in exports, as over half
of Alberta’s Clean technology was directed at the O&G
market in 2020-2021
47
Ontarian and Albertan Clean Technology
Source: Invest Ontario: Cleantech, Ontario’s Cleantech Strategy (2018), Foresight CAC: Alberta Cleantech Report 2021, Alberta Innovates: Annual Report 2020-2021, Clean Growth
Hub – Clean Technology and Trade
$2,891
$11,722
$2,924
$10,792
Alberta Ontario
Cleantech GDP Contribution
2019 and 2020 ($M)
2019 2020
$728
$4,077
$526
$4,368
Alberta Ontario
Cleantech Exports
2019 and 2020 ($M)
2019 2020

48. 48
Municipalities are Initiating Projects and Looking for Collaboration
Opportunities
Source: GACG Analysis
• GACG found 43 municipal programs and initiatives
promoting cleaner fuels, decarbonization, and the
energy transition
• 15 of these initiatives are in the province of
Ontario, seven in Alberta, and seven in B.C.
• Of the 15 initiatives in Ontario, 13 take place in
the southern Ontario region – 86%
• Groups of municipalities, such as Eco-West Canada
in the Prairies and a partnership between Canada’s
seven largest cities, provide mutual practical
support to develop low-carbon communities.
• Some municipalities are using natural gas to
develop cleaner energy products. Edmonton and
Medicine Hat in Alberta are establishing hydrogen
hubs, utilising CCUS to produce cleaner hydrogen
from natural gas.
The Partnership between Canada’s
largest cities include Calgary,
Edmonton, the Halifax region,
Montreal Metropolitan Community,
Ottawa, the Greater Toronto and
Hamilton Area, and Vancouver and
the Lower Mainland

49. Climate Action and Emissions Reduction
• Municipalities are creating and implementing climate action
plans to reduce GHG emissions (for example, see a snapshot
summary of Kingston’s plan at right)
• Action plans discuss energy retrofits, EV infrastructure
development, and municipal fleet conversion.
• Most are aiming to transition to net zero by 2050 or before
through the use of low-carbon and renewable energy sources
49
Activity in the Municipalities
Source: FCM, LC3, ICLEI Canada, MCCAC Alberta, Eco-West, AFMNB, City of Kingston
Sample of Key Organizations Providing Support to Municipalities
• Federation of Canadian Municipalities
• Low-Carbon Cities Canada (LC3)
• ICLEI – Local Governments for Sustainability
• Municipal Climate Change Action Centre – Alberta
municipalities
• Municipalities band together to support each other, such as
the Eco-West group in Manitoba and the Association
francophone des municipalités du Nouveau Brunswick

50. Cleaner Energy Programs
• Some municipalities are using natural gas to develop cleaner energy products
• Edmonton and Medicine Hat in Alberta are, with the help of major industrial partners, establishing hydrogen hubs and
utilizing CCUS to produce cleaner hydrogen from natural gas
• Others are involved in pilot programs and trials of cleaner fuels, such as:
• In Surrey B.C., 60% of natural gas used is renewable natural gas produced from waste. This is used to power city
vehicles and provide heating through a district energy system
• Seaspan Ferries has been exploring the use of RNG instead of LNG
• Calgary-based ATCO, a gas and electricity company, has a $5.7 million pilot project in Fort Saskatchewan, Alberta,
where hydrogen is blended with natural gas for home heating
• Enbridge Gas has been working with Hydrogenics on a power-to-gas project in Markham, Ontario using surplus
renewable electricity to produce hydrogen for storage and, possibly, blending into the natural gas grid
50
Activity in the Municipalities
Source: Edmonton Hydrogen Hub, Medicine Hat Hydrogen Hub, Surrey, RNG in British Columbia, Fort Saskatchewan hydrogen blending project, Markham, Surrey Biofuel facility (photo)
Surrey biofuel facility

51. Universities and Colleges
51

52. 52
Albertan Universities are at the Centre of O&G Research
• GACG identified 61 Higher Education Research
Facilities conducting research and providing services
in the O&G sector
• The University of Alberta and the University of
Calgary are central higher education institutions in
the O&G landscape
• These two institutions have the most O&G related
programs in Canada, with nine and six programs
respectively
• As of Q1 2022, 9 out of 20 (45%) Canada Research
Chairs (CRC) directly involved in oil and gas came
from these two universities, equivalent to at least
$2.1 M/year from the CRC program while the chair is
active (5-7 years, renewable once)
• Between 2017-2021, NSERC collectively awarded
these two universities $15.11 M, totalling 42% of the
$35.54 M of awards NSERC distributed to O&G
research
Source: GACG Analysis and Visualization, Canada Research Chairs, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Awards Database
As of 2019, 33% of O&G workers had university degrees
61 Higher Education Research Facilities conducting
research and providing services in the O&G Sector by
province

53. University of Calgary
• Engaged with the accelerator Innovate Calgary, which currently
works with 362 researchers and targets an annual growth of
20%, and has seen an average increase of 110% in the past four
years of startups from University of Calgary
• Under Innovate Calgary, UC launched $12 M UCeed, a pre-seed
and seed funding program that targets commercialization
• Implementing Innovation@Ucalgary as a university led
accelerator for researchers looking to commercialize
53
Albertan University Research is Connected to the Greater Energy
Innovation Landscape
Sources: University of Alberta – Annual Report 2020-2021, University of Calgary – Annual Report 2020-2021
University of Alberta
• Received $30 M from Shell to invest in a new biofuel plant
which will create 25 million litres of renewable biofuel each year
and create 45 full-time jobs
• Partnered with Brass Dome Ventures to create imYEG, an
accelerator that supports university researchers' efforts to
commercialize their innovations
Albertan universities are not the only higher
education institutions that are working to support
innovation, but their proximity to the O&G sector
means that there are more directly related
opportunities for the sector.
For the higher education sector at large, the
opportunities to commercialize higher education
innovation are being developed, but there needs
to be private sector engagement to implement
these innovations in order for the sector to grow.

54. 54
Canada Research Chairs
Source: GACG Analysis and Visualisation, Government of Canada announces 119 new and renewed Canada Research Chairs; Canada Research Chairs
Canada Research Chairs spends $311 M/year
on attracting talent (up from $265 M in 2017),
with another $102 M promised to 119 new
and renewed chairs in June 2022. Professors
that receive these awards are in the
innovation space and receive between $100-
$200 K/year for their institution depending on
their tier.
This meant that as of June 2022, Canada
Research Chairs working in O&G innovation
awarded their institutions and departments
with a total of approx. $7.3 M for their work.
46 Canada Research Chairs conducting O&G Industry and
related research activities by university affiliation
Most of the 46 identified Canada Research Chairs conducting Oil and gas and Oil and
Gas related research specialize in Chemical Engineering (8), followed by Civil
Engineering (3), Environmental Engineering (3), Electrical and Electronic Engineering
(3), Mechanical Engineering (3), and Other in Natural Sciences and Engineering (NSE)
(3).

55. Not-for-Profits and Networks
55

56. Not-for-Profits (NFPs) and Networks
• GACG found 53 different O&G NFPs working at the
national and provincial levels
• Many of the NFPs and networks are industry
associations such as PTAC and PSAC – this is
similar to what we were seeing in 2017, but there
has still been growth in the sector beyond these
associations, especially in the alternative energy
space
• 68% of NFPs and Networks in this space operate at
the national scale in Canada, offering CRIN country-
wide opportunities to network with those in the
landscape
• Provincially, Alberta is the central space for most of
the NFPs and Networks in the O&G innovation
space, with 41% of NFPs located in the province
• Mitacs is a great opportunity for CRIN membership,
as it is an organisation centered around connecting
the private sector innovators to academic
researchers – something that membership may be
interested in
56
Sources: GACG Analysis and Visualisation, Foresight Canada – Annual Report 2020-21
Proliferating NFPs and Networks
20

57. 57
Indigenous Involvement in Energy Innovation
Source: GACG Analysis, First Nations Major Projects Coalition, Indigenous Clean Energy
• Notable additions to the NFP and Network space since
2017 have been the increased presence of O&G groups
that are for and by Indigenous groups
• GACG found five organisations for and by Indigenous
groups in the O&G innovation sector that are advocating
for and promoting Indigenous presence in the space
• Many Indigenous Groups are also involved in renewables
and alternative energies, but these will likely play a part in
the decarbonisation of the O&G sector as a whole
• The nature of energy project infrastructure means that
construction often occurs on Indigenous territory. Efforts
are being made to better involve First Nations groups in
planning and ownership of these projects
• First Nations Major Projects Coalition is supporting
Indigenous engagement with projects like the Coastal Gas
Link and the Clarke Lake geothermal project
• Indigenous Clean Energy has engaged with 197 projects in
the clean technology sector and advocates for Indigenous
presence in the space

58. 58
International and Intergovernmental NFPs and Networks
Source: Mission Innovation, International Cleantech Network
International Opportunities
• Canada engages with International NFPs such as the
International Cleantech Network, the Oil and Gas
Climate Initiative, and the Eureka Initiative through
its own set of networks, NFPs, and government
departments like CRIN, Foresight Canada, and the
NRCan
• The International Cleantech Network is a network of
clean technology clusters and SMEs, offering
opportunities to expand CRIN’s reach in the
international space
• In 2015, Canada helped found Mission Innovation, an
intergovernmental NFP engaged with 22 countries
and the EU, whose goal is to help clean technology
become more accessible through innovation and
development. In 2021, Canada became a co-lead on
the new Carbon Dioxide Removal Mission

59. Canada Innovation Superclusters
Budget 2022 proposed to provide
$750 M over six years, starting in
2022-2023, to support the further
growth and development of
Canada's Global Innovation
Superclusters.
Superclusters involve many of
Canada’s top oil and gas companies
as project partners
59
Superclusters
Source: GACG Analysis and Visualization, ISED: Innovation Superclusters

60. Incubators and Accelerators
60

61. In 2015, DEEP Centre identified 140 Incubators and
Accelerators across Canada. In 2022, GACG identified
67 incubators and accelerators in just the O&G
innovation space alone
61
Incubators and Accelerators have Increased in Number Across the
Country
Source: GACG Analysis and Visualization, Canada’s Cleantech Investment Landscape, DEEP Centre: Evaluating Business Acceleration
Location and Services
• 40% of the accelerators and incubators GACG
identified are working in the clean technology
sector related to O&G
• O&G Accelerators and Incubators are located
primarily in AB, B.C., and ON
• Accelerators offer multiple services, not just
funding. These include co-working spaces,
coaching, commercialisation advice, etc. Depending
on the needs of CRIN membership, it may require
different accelerators to fulfil them – CRIN can be
the intermediary for their members in navigating the
space

62. 62
Sources: GACG Analysis and Visualization
Federal and Provincial Funding Support for BAIs
• GACG found that 57% of O&G Innovation Accelerators and
Incubators it identified received Government funding, either
Federal (5), Provincial (12), or a combination of both (20).
Funding that is tied to governments usually comes with a list of
commitments by the entities that are receiving that funding
• Government interest in accelerators is unsurprising given
Canada’s ongoing problems with commercialisation of
innovation technology, but Budget 2022 is also looking to get
the private sector further engaged with clean technology
innovation
• Technology adoption is essential for the clean tech and O&G
innovation sector to have long-term growth and success.
Accelerators are part of this, but they need more engagement
and investment from the private sector to succeed
As the centre of the O&G innovation wheel, CRIN has a huge opportunity to help promote Canadian clean
technology and engage and connect private sector members to these accelerators. Furthermore, BAIs are
often networks themselves, and can offer collaboration and partnership opportunities for CRIN
Federal and Provincial Funding for GACG Identified BAIs

63. Taking the Easy Way?
• Canadian O&G accelerators are focusing a lot of their
resources on digital technology and low-emissions value-
added products.
• 63% of accelerators were focused on digital solutions,
usually either AI, IoT, or monitoring equipment. This is
comparable to 60% in Low Emissions Value-Added
Products, but the latter covers a much broader area
with more challenging implementation
• An NRCan sponsored 2021 report noted that cleantech
investment often focuses on digitalisation, which is
easier to innovate than most other cleantech. More
difficult decarbonisation innovations, such as
geothermal and hydrogen, are left out of the picture, but
are necessary to achieving a net-zero O&G value-chain
• The urgency to decarbonise the value chain means that
every solution is a good one, but CRIN should incentivise
broader investment and adoption of value-added products
like geothermal, because it will be these innovations that
will get us all the way to net-zero
63
Incubators and Accelerators
Source: Canada’s Cleantech Investment Landscape
“A closer inspection of the investment data reveals
an overwhelming concentration of investment dollars
in software-based cleantech plays focused on
industrial efficiency, energy analytics, building
automation, and smart grids. […] Canada and other
countries will not meet their climate obligations
pursuing software-based solutions alone.”
“Software-based efficiency plays can enable
incremental improvements like a 5 to 10% efficiency
gain,” said one investor. “A lot of the environmental
challenges require transformational hard tech that
will significantly lower Canada’s carbon footprint.”

64. Private Sector – Exploration & Production, Innovation, and
Investment
64

65. 65
Company Stakeholders in the Oil & Gas Ecosystem
Source: GACG graphic from Stakeholder Database
• The 200 companies listed in the GACG database illustrate
the range of company stakeholders in the oil and gas and
innovation sector, from exploration and production
companies, service and transportation companies, refiners
and distributors, and innovative technology developers, to
large, vertically integrated multinational corporations with a
presence in Canada.
• Many of the larger producers conduct their own R&D;
others rely on trusted services companies for new tech
• Whilst production and service companies operate in
western or Atlantic Canada with support from midstream
companies, a large number of cleantech companies are
located in Ontario and Quebec.
(Size of point represents relative number of companies)
Location of Representative Company Stakeholders

66. 66
Cleantech in the O&G Sector
Source: ECCC, 2030 Emissions Reduction Plan; Cleantech in the O&G sector; Cleantech Regulatory Review Roadmap; Cleantech Group, Labour Market Outlook 2021-2023, NRCan
Energy Factbook 2021-2022, Canadian Industry Statistics
• Clean technology companies contributed $31 B to Canada's GDP in 2020 and created at least 211,000 jobs. The presence of success in clean
technology has the potential to be complimentary to O&G, as it will help increase longevity in the sector (that as of 2021 has lost 954 companies
since 2016), as well as incentivise workers who may otherwise hesitate in light of environmental concerns to join the sector, addressing the
2021-2023 labour market outlook need for 20,000 workers in the field to account for an aging workforce and industrial activity
• The 2021 Global Energy Innovation Index has Canada in the 9th place, up 4 places from 2016, behind the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, and
Germany but ahead of France, Korea, the United States, China, and Brazil.
• There are multiple clean technology innovations already in existence to help decarbonise oil and gas all along the value chain, they just require
adoption. CRIN’s position as a network puts them in the optimal place to encourage private sector adoption of O&G cleantech
Cleantech is any product, process or service that improves operational performance, productivity, or efficiency while
reducing consumption, waste, or environmental pollution.

67. Capital expenditures for oil and gas extraction in 2020 totalled $21.4
B, down from $35 B in 2019 and $54.5 B in 2015.
67
The Heart of the Business
Source: Statistics Canada 2021, BERD, OECD
Canada is lagging behind peer countries in
Business Expenditures on R&D (BERD)
• Canada’s total BERD: $20,972 M
• BERD/GDP: 0.86% (2020 OECD average 1.92%)
• BERD/GDP OECD Ranking: 24th out of 37
R&D expenditure in the O&G sector is also falling
• After two years of strong spending by the
O&G sector in in-house R&D ($942 M in
2018 and $891 M in 2019), the sector saw
a three-year drop to $524 M in 2022, a 44%
decrease compared to 2018 and 41%
compared to 2019.

68. 68
Canada’s Corporate Big R&D Spenders
Source: Sector spending; Top 100 corporate spenders
Nine out of Canada's Top 100 Corporate R&D Spenders
are energy / oil & gas and mining companies
• In 2020, despite the overall decrease in R&D
expenditures, Canada’s oil & gas sector spent over
$1.1 B on cleantech R&D
Canada's Top 100 R&D Firms (2021)
• R&D spending by O&G / Energy Sector companies
puts the sector in 4th place behind Pharmaceuticals,
Software, and Telecommunications
Suncor Energy, Canadian Natural Resources, Imperial Oil,
Syncrude and TC Energy invested a total of about $1.1 B in
R&D in 2020

69. Total in-house energy-related research and development expenditures, with fossil fuels technologies breakout, 2009-2020
• Fossil fuel-related in-house R&D decreased by 10.3% to $558 M in 2020, the height of the Covid-19 pandemic, compared to
$928 M in 2009, whilst other energy-related R&D increased from $386 M in 2009 to $1.2 B.
69
In-house energy-related R&D expenditures
Source: In-house energy-related R&D expenditures

70. 70
Private Equity Investment in Canadian Companies
Source: CVCA – Canadian Private Equity Market Overview, CVCA – Private Equity Key Findings, VE &PE Canadian Market Overview 2016, GACG Analysis and Visualisation
Private Equity (PE) invested in Canadian companies
in 2021 was $18.1 B, 32% higher than in 2015 and
29% higher than in 2020
Total number of deals completed in 2021:
536 (2015), 634 (2020), and 799 (2021)
Cleantech was one of the top sectors in PE investment
growth in 2021 and saw an increase of 189% over 2020
investment (see at right). The sector still needs support to
continue to grow. 84% of businesses that received
investment were SMEs, but 49% of the owners of SME
businesses surveyed by the BDC and CVCA in a 2019
survey indicated they would be retiring in the next five
years and would sell their business.
Cleantech
Energy and Power
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
$-
$500
$1,000
$1,500
$2,000
$2,500
2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Private Equity Investments in Cleantech
Value in $M Number of Deals

71. With $746M in investments, 2021 saw an
increase of 57% invested over 2017, and
while the number of deals was the same as
in 2018, the dollar value was double the
value
71
Venture Capital and Angel Investment in the Canadian Cleantech Space
Source: CVCA - Venture Capital Market Overview, NACO - Angel Investment
Venture Capital invested in Canadian companies in 2021 was $14.7 B,
more than 3.5 times the 2017 figure and twice the amount in 2020
Canadian Angel Investment (2021)
Total number of angels: 416
Total amount invested: $102.9 M
$414
$278
$400
$101
$746
28
49
27
22
49
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
$0
$100
$200
$300
$400
$500
$600
$700
$800
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
$ Millions Invested Deals
Venture Capital Investments and Deals in the Cleantech Space
ICT
Energy
Cleantech
35%
2%
1%
Percentage invested by angel investors in
2021 by Sector. Cleantech is last in the
group, showing a gap in support

72. Who is using the Oil and Gas that
Canada Produces?
72

73. Domestic Markets
73

74. Total energy demand in Canada
in 2019 was 12,305 petajoules
• 52% of this was from industry and
23% from transportation
• Refined petroleum products
accounted for 40% of consumption
and natural gas 36%.
• Canada consumes 1.5 million barrels
of oil per day, 2.5% of global
consumption and an average of
11.4 billion cubic feet per day of
natural gas
• The largest consumers of natural gas
were Alberta at 6.4 Bcf/d, followed by
Ontario and B.C.
74
The Canadian Domestic Market Demand for Energy
Source: Canada Energy Regulator, CER – Canada's Energy Future 2021, Statistics Canada 2022, CAPP, Energy Factbook 2021–2022
As of 2019, more than half of the electricity in Canada (60%) is
generated from hydro sources. The remainder is produced from
natural gas, nuclear, wind, coal, biomass, solar, and petroleum
Canadian Electricity Production by Power Source (2019)

75. 75
The Canadian Domestic Market Demand for Energy in Transport and
Residential Sectors
Source: Canada Energy Regulator, CER – Canada's Energy Future 2021, Statistics Canada 2022, CAPP, Energy Factbook 2021–2022
0
10
20
30
40
50
2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Billion
litres
Net sales of gasoline Net sales of diesel oil
Net Sales of Gasoline
and Diesel
The Residential Sector
• 1.35 gigajoules of energy were used in the residential
sector in 2019: almost 70% of this was derived from
petroleum – natural gas, oil, and propane.
• Natural gas is the most common form of energy
used in Canadian homes (50%)
• Almost 75% of Canada’s 250 remote communities
use heating oil or propane for home heating
Transportation Fuels
• Consumption of motor gasoline and diesel in
Canada in 2020 was 38.6 billion litres, down 13.9%
from 2019 due to reduced demand in the pandemic
• High fuel prices in 2022 may disincentivise the
purchase of transportation fuels, but the pace of the
post-Covid economic recovery and high inflation
will have an impact on the degree to which this
disincentive is felt
The residential sector is a substantial user of
electricity, accounting for 31.7% of total energy us
in 2018.

76. 76
Downstream Oil and Gas: Petrochemicals in the Canadian Domestic
Market
Petrochemicals
• Petrochemical products include plastics, rubbers, resins,
synthetic fibres, adhesives, dyes, detergents, pesticides,
and petroleum-derived paints and coatings
• Canada’s petrochemical industry is dominated by the
production of ethylene from ethane and downstream
derivatives from ethylene. These derivatives are precursors
to a wide range of useful consumer and industrial
products.
Petrochemicals Product Flowchart
Source: Non-energy Uses of Refined Petroleum, Sturgeon Refinery, Air Products, Suncor/ATCO, Petrochemicals Products and Flowchart
0 5000 10000 15000 20000
Total
Petrochemicals
Naphtha
Asphalt
Lubricating Oil & Greases
Megalitres
Non-Energy Uses of Refined Petroleum
2020 2019 2018 2017
Market size of the petrochemical industry in Canada is
$6.2 B, showing a growth of 1.1% in 2022

77. Global Markets
77

78. • In 2020, Canada was ranked 3rd in the world for exports of
crude oil. 82% of Canadian crude was exported, much of it to
the U.S.
• Canada’s world rank as a natural gas exporter dropped from
4th to 6th in 2020. The percentage of gas production exported
dropped from 51% to 42%
• Canada exported only 15% of its production of refined
petroleum products in 2020, a fall from 26%, 92% of which
went to the U.S.
78
Global Oil & Gas Markets: Exports and Imports
Source: GACG Analysis and Visuals, NRCan Energy Factbook, 2021–22; Canadian Energy Regulator, OEC, Statistics Canada 2022, CAPP Statistical Handbook, Canada Energy
Regulator
2021 saw the value for crude oil exports increase by nearly
$40 B, a substantial bump from 2020 numbers. Natural gas
also saw a bump, although less significant.
• Canada imported $14.7 B of crude oil, $3.4 B
of liquefied petroleum or hydrocarbon gases
Sources of Canadian Oil Imports
Energy products were the 7th top merchandise import
in 2021, for a total value of over $31 B

79. The global cleantech market is projected to exceed $3.3 T in 2022, about 2% of
anticipated global GDP
• Canada’s share of the export market is estimated at only 1–2%
• In 2019, Canada’s environmental and cleantech exports, including clean energy
totaled $13.5 B
• The Federal Government’s target for cleantech exports by 2035 is $20 B,
requiring above 11% growth per year
79
The Global Cleantech Market is an Opportunity for Export Diversification
Source: Global Cleantech 100
Canada ranked 2nd on the 2022 Global Cleantech Innovation Index, behind the U.S
• The Global Cleantech 100 lists the cleantech companies likely to have a significant
market impact over the next 5-10 years.
• Canada is the second most represented country in the list after the U.S. with 13
start-ups, many of them opening doors in the Canadian energy sector as well as
global markets
Canada’s Cleantech Export Destinations

80. Canada improved its ranking for outward flows from
7th to 6th, but dropped seven places for inward
flows, from 5th to 12th
• The value of outward flows increased by 93.2%
between 2020 and 2021, to nearly $90 B
• The value of inward flows increased by 157% to
nearly $60 B
80
Foreign Direct Investment
Source: World Investment Report 2022, WIR Canada; State of Trade 2021, Statistics Canada; FDI in mining, oil & gas, FDI in mining, oil & gas, FDI in oil & gas extraction
Most of the foreign capital in Canada is invested in 3 sectors
Manufacturing
Mining and oil & gas extraction
Management of companies and enterprises
• Total inward FDI for oil and gas extraction in 2021 was $104 B, an
increase on the 2020 figure but down on pre-pandemic investment
• The share of inward investment for the sector decreased from a
high of 23.4% in 2014 to 18% in 2020
• Foreign businesses account for one-third of all employment in
mining, oil & gas extraction

81. Looking Forward to 2030 and
2050
81

82. In 2021, Canada published its updated Nationally Determined Contributions to the United Nations Framework
Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), pledging to reduce emissions by 40–45% from 2005 levels by 2030.
This was a major increase from the 30% reduction pledged in 2016. Canada also confirmed its 2019 commitment
to reach net-zero emissions by 2050.
82
The Pathway to 2030
Source: NDCs, Canada’s projected GHG emissions to 2030, 2030 Emissions Reduction Plan
Canada’s Projected GHG Emissions to 2030
Projections are based on current understandings of emissions reduction potential.
The 2030 Emissions Reduction Plan: Canada’s Next
Steps for Clean Air and a Strong Economy is a sector-
based roadmap to reaching the 40% emissions
reduction target.
• An interim objective for 2026 will be a reduction of
20% below 2005 levels.
• In the Pathway to 2030, the emissions reduction
contributions required of the oil & gas sector
increase sharply as 2030 approaches.
• Innovative technologies will be key to reducing
carbon intensity and achieving emissions
reductions.

83. If Canada is to achieve net zero by 2050 a longer-term action plan is needed. In Canada’s Energy Future, 2020, the
Canada Energy Regulator changed its primary scenario from the Current Policies Scenario to a new Evolving Policies
Scenario. These scenarios are models indicating potential pathways to 2050; they are not action plans.
83
Scenarios for Canada’s Energy Future to 2050 and Beyond
Source: Canada’s Energy Future, Canada’s Energy Future, 2021: scenarios and assumptions
The Evolving Policies Scenario assumes that action to
reduce GHG intensity continues to increase.
• This scenario anticipates greater global climate
action and lower oil prices.
The Current Policies Scenario assumes no additional
action to reduce GHGs in Canada’s energy system
beyond policies already in place.
• In this scenario, total primary demand increases by
7.5% from 2021 to 2050.
The slides following summarize these scenarios as they relate to the oil & gas sector.
The Towards Net Zero Scenarios focus specifically on
future electricity generation.

84. In the Evolving Policies Scenario:
• Total primary demand falls 21% between 2021 and 2050, driven by
reductions in fossil fuel use.
• The relative share of refined petroleum products (RPPs), coal, and
natural gas without CCUS declines.
• Combustion of fossil fuels without emissions capture decreases
62% by 2050, a significant reduction but unlikely to achieve net zero.
84
Energy Demand to 2050 in the Evolving Policies Scenario
Source: Canada’s Energy Future
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
Petajoules
Unabated Fossil Fuels Low and Non-Emitting
Demand for low-emission energy increases
• In 2021, unabated fossil fuel energy demand was about
9,300 petajoules (PJ), that for low-emissions fuels is about 4,200 PJ.
• By 2050, the demand for unabated fossil fuel energy is projected to
fall to 3,500 PJ, whilst that for low-emission energy rises to 7,200 PJ.
Energy Demand to 2050 by Source
Government and industry, with support from CRIN and stakeholders in
cleantech R&D and innovation, need to work together to ensure the oil
& gas sector can meet the challenge.

85. In the Evolving Policies Scenario, crude oil production grows
more slowly, rising 16% to a peak of 5.8 MMb/d in 2032
before declining slowly to 4.7 MMb/d in 2050. The assumed
price of Brent crude falls from an average of US$68 per
barrel in 2021 to US$40 per barrel in 2050.
85
Canadian Oil Production to 2050
Source: Canada Energy Future, 2021
Crude oil production to 2050 – Evolving Policies Scenario
Dashed reference line shows the trend under the Current Policies Scenario
 In this scenario, oil available for export from western
Canada is slightly below the illustrative total export
capacity via existing and planned pipeline and rail
capacity.
In the Current Policies Scenario, production peaks at
6.7 MMb/d in 2044. This scenario assumes higher global oil
prices, about US$70, due to higher demand.
 In this scenario, production would be constrained below
projected levels, as supply significantly exceeds the
illustrative export capacity.
In either scenario, based on these production assumptions, existing and planned export infrastructure capacity is
below the level that will be required by 2050. This has major implications both for the sector and the economy.
Canada is greatly dependent on the U.S. export market and therefore vulnerable to changes in its energy policy.

86. In both the Current and Evolving Policies Scenarios, gas production from the Montney Formation, which is rich in higher-
value natural gas liquids, increases. Elsewhere, production is stable or declining to 2050.
86
Natural Gas Production and Export to 2050
Source: Canada’s Energy Future, 2021
 In the Evolving Policies Scenario, production declines slowly
to reach 13.1 Bcf/d by 2050, about 17% lower than the
current level.
 By 2050, nearly 40% of Canadian natural gas production is
assumed to be liquefied for export to global markets. Much
of this growth will be in B.C.
 Without LNG exports, production is projected to decline.
 It is assumed that natural gas prices will steadily increase to
about US$3.64/MMBtu by 2050.
In the Evolving Policies Scenario, natural gas production is assumed to decline after 2025, whereas exports of LNG are projected
to increase. These data do not take into account greater opportunities in the European market as a result of geopolitical events.
Increased exports are likely to require construction of additional LNG terminals. However, in recent years a number of such
projects did not materialize or have been cancelled.
Natural Gas Production to 2050 – Current and Evolving
Policies Scenarios
Dotted reference lines show LNG export projections

87. • Low and non-emitting electricity generation is modelled to
rise to 88% by 2030 and 95% by 2050.
• All net-zero electricity generation scenarios include both
natural gas and natural gas with CCUS components, as
well as hydrogen and renewables in varying amounts.
• The electricity generation mix will be distinct across the
provinces – about 15% of Alberta and Saskatchewan’s
electricity generation will utilize natural gas but by 2050
most will be utilizing CCUS technology. Other provinces,
particularly New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Ontario, will
include lesser amounts of natural gas, without CCUS.
• Inter-province transmission of clean energy generation
can be a path to net zero.
87
Towards Net-Zero Electricity Generation
Source: Canada’s Energy Future, 2021
Electricity Generation by Source to 2050
The requirement for natural gas with CCUS as an electricity
generating resource increases to 2050. If this target is to be
met, new and more efficient technologies for carbon capture
and recycling are urgently required as well as a much greater
proven capacity for carbon storage.

88. The Evolving Policies Scenario projects that demand for natural gas with CCUS for industrial use, power generation, and
hydrogen generation will be key areas of growth.
88
Declining Demand for Oil and Gas to 2050
Source: Canada’s Energy Future, 2021
• Over the long term, natural gas will remain an
important part of Canada’s energy mix, but total
demand is projected to decline from around 13 billion
cubic feet/day (bcf/d) in 2021 to 8.5 bcf/d (34%
decrease) in 2050 due to increased use of renewables,
the blending of hydrogen or renewable natural gas
with natural gas, and increased energy efficiency.
• CCUS partially offsets the decline in demand.
• Demand for refined petroleum products (RPPs) and
natural gas liquids gradually also declines due to
reduced demand for diesel and gasoline but the use of
RPPs in industry remains steady.
Declining Demand for Oil and Gas by Sector
The Evolving Policies Scenario foresees a substantial decline in demand for oil and gas without CCUS in all sectors except
transportation, which increases. Deployment of CCUS is key to partially offsetting this decline, but only accounts for 3.9
bcf/d.

89. CRIN, as a network of networks, with its focus on reducing the carbon intensity of fossil fuels and GHG emissions and its
encouragement and support for innovation and cleantech and for low emissions value-added products, has a major role to play in
bringing together all stakeholders and conveying a sense of urgency to support the sector’s successful transition to 2050.
89
The Oil & Gas Sector in 2050
Fossil fuels have a significant place in Canada’s domestic market, whilst exports are seen as critical to the
country’s economic growth and to funding the transition to a low-carbon economy.
• Oil and gas companies along the value chain are endeavouring to make significant reductions in GHG emissions, even to reach
net zero, through investment in innovative processes and clean technology.
• Major technologies that are already contributing to emissions reductions include enhanced oil recovery and carbon capture,
utilization, and storage, with the latter also supporting the development of low-carbon hydrogen. Improved sensing
technologies also aid the detection and reduction of fugitive methane emissions. CCUS is key to the ongoing use of natural
gas across the economy.
• The oil and gas sector will remain an important part of Canada’s energy mix leading up to and beyond 2050, particularly in
those provinces where oil and gas are produced. With new and innovative technologies, cleaner oil and gas can provide a
foundation for reduced lifecycle emissions (the aggregate of emissions from fuel production to final product development and
delivery) across many industries and thus help to reduce Canada’s carbon footprint to 2050 and beyond.

90. 90
The Global Risks Landscape, 2022
Source: The Global Risks Report 2022, Budget 2022 Risk Landscape Assessment, GACG Analysis
Critical Risks Facing the World
Respondents to the 2021-22 Global Risks
Perception Survey identified environmental
and societal risks as predominant over the
next five years, together with a growing debt
crisis.
Climate action failure is rapidly becoming the
most critical threat to the world.
Five years from now, the top five global risks
are all environmental.
Canada needs all parties to be on board with
the transition to net zero, and CRIN is key to
stimulating and sustaining action in the oil
and gas sector and supporting
transformational technologies.

91. Economic, Environmental, and
Social Results
91

92. 1. Double the value of Canadian cleantech exports by
2025.
2. Align carbon pricing standards with international peers.
3. Deliver on Canada’s G20 commitment to phase-out all
inefficient fossil fuel subsidies by 2025.
4. Develop and adopt innovative, collaborative cleantech
solutions to lower GHG emissions.
5. Create new markets for low-emission goods.
6. Develop a comprehensive CCUS strategy and explore
other opportunities to help keep Canada globally
competitive.
7. Create and maintain immediate, good-paying, middle
class jobs to support Canada’s economic recovery
8. Build green, more resilient and sustainable regional
economies.
9. Ensure that implementation of energy efficiency
measures contributes to GDP growth.
92
Economic Results
Source: 2030 Emissions Reduction Plan, From Outsized Emissions to Outsized Opportunities, A Healthy Environment and a Healthy Economy

93. 1. Drive essential, near-term greenhouse gas reductions to ensure
Canada exceeds its 2030 target
2. Achieve emissions reductions to 31% below 2005 levels in 2030
(or to 42% below 2019 levels).
3. Incentivize the development and adoption of CCUS for a range
of sectors.
4. Accelerate the reduction in methane emissions by 40-45%.
5. Develop and implement plans to transition O&G facilities to net-
Zero by 2050.
6. Phase down use of Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) to support
Canada’s commitment to the Montreal Protocol amendment
6. Reduce the fresh water-use intensity for drilled oil sands
projects by 50% compared to 2012 by 2022.
7. Phase out coal-fired electricity by 2035 and ban thermal coal
exports by 2030.
8. Conserve 25% of Canada's land and 25% of its oceans by 2025.
93
Environmental Results
Source: A Healthy Environment and a Healthy Economy; Budget 2022, Emissions Reduction Fund, From Outsized Emissions to Outsized Opportunities, 2030 Emissions Reduction
Plan, Pan-Canadian Framework on Clean Growth and Climate Change

94. 1. Increase racial and ethnic and gender diversity of O&G
workforce groups.
2. Support Indigenous-led projects in support of adaptation
planning, clean energy, health, infrastructure, and climate
monitoring.
3. Prepare the workforce to fully participate in the low-
carbon economy while minimizing the impacts of labour
market transitions.
4. Create inclusive economic opportunities for workers in
their communities.
5. Provide skills training and fair wages to traditionally
underrepresented groups.
6. Ensure infrastructure resiliency including in vulnerable
regions.
7. Help traditional ways of life and economic sectors thrive
in a changing climate.
94
Social, Equity, and Diversity Results
Source: Pan-Canadian Framework on Clean Growth and Climate Change, From Outsized Emissions to Outsized Opportunities, Just Transition for Canadian Coal Power Workers
and Communities, Just Transition, Sectoral Workforce Solutions Program, Gender, Diversity, and Inclusion Hub

95. CRIN at the Centre of the Oil &
Gas Innovation Ecosystem
95

96. CRIN is a network of networks with over 3,300 members
• CRIN was awarded $100 M of SIF funding to invest in
clean technology over the period 2020-2024
96
CRIN’s Vision and the Network’s Background
CRIN Themes
Digital Oil and Gas
Technology
Cleaner Fuels –
Reducing Carbon
Intensity
Low Emissions
Novel Hydrocarbon
Extraction
Land and
Wellsite
Remediation
Methane
Monitoring,
Quantification, and
Abatement
Water
Technology
Development
Value Added Products
Source: CRIN
CRIN's $80 M Technology Competitions are aimed at the oil & gas
industry to accelerate clean technology development and
commercialization.
Three major technology competitions to date:
1. $50 M Reducing Environmental Footprint Technology Competition
2. $25 M Low Emission Fuels and Products Technology Competition
3. $5 M Digital Oil and Gas Technology Competition
“We are a pan-Canadian network focused on ensuring
Canada’s oil and gas resources can be sustainably
developed and integrated into the global energy supply”
CRIN’s Vision is that Canada is the global leader in producing
clean hydrocarbons from source to end use

97. 97
CRIN at the Centre of the Oil & Gas Innovation Ecosystem
Source: CRIN
Enabling cleaner energy development in
the oil & gas industry
• Commercialising and adopting
technologies that reduce the
environmental impact across the
energy sector and that support
Canada’s clean energy goals and
Paris commitments
• Transforming the pace of innovation
in the sector
• Creating new value-add products and
business streams
• Growing Canadian cleantech
companies with the potential for
export
• Changing the broader conversation
to recognize the compatibility
between energy development and
use

98. 98
CRIN at the Centre of the Oil & Gas Innovation Ecosystem
Source: CRIN
Fossil fuels will continue to have a significant place in Canada’s domestic market, whilst exports
are seen as critical to the country’s economic growth and to funding the transition to a low-
carbon economy.
• Oil and gas companies along the value chain are endeavouring to make significant reductions in GHG
emissions, even to reach net zero, through investment in innovative processes and clean technology.
• Major technologies that are already contributing to emissions reductions include enhanced oil recovery
and carbon capture, utilization, and storage, with the latter also supporting the development of low-carbon
hydrogen. Improved sensing technologies also aid the detection and reduction of fugitive methane
emissions. CCUS is key to the ongoing use of natural gas across the economy.
• The oil and gas sector will remain an important part of Canada’s energy mix, up to and beyond 2050,
particularly in those provinces where oil and gas are produced. With new and innovative technologies,
cleaner oil and gas can provide a foundation for reduced lifecycle emissions (the aggregate of emissions
from fuel production to final product development and delivery) across many industries and thus help to
reduce Canada’s carbon footprint to 2050 and beyond.
CRIN, as a network of networks, with its focus on reducing the carbon intensity of fossil fuels
and GHG emissions and its encouragement and support for innovation and cleantech and for low
emissions value-added products, has a major role to play in bringing together all stakeholders
and conveying a sense of urgency to support the sector’s successful transition to 2050.

99. Thank You!!