Calibration curve
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This document summarizes a lab experiment where a student created a calibration curve by diluting a substance to various volumes between 1-15ml and measuring the absorbance. The student pipetted the assigned amounts of diluted substance into flasks filled with deionized water to create solutions of different concentrations. Each sample was then analyzed in an absorbance machine, which automatically measured and recorded the absorbance. The student entered the molarity and absorbance measurements into an Excel spreadsheet, which graphed the calibration curve and showed the precision of the lab measurements. The calibration curve demonstrated that higher molarity solutions have greater absorbance.
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We created a calibration curve using potassium permanganate solutions of varying concentrations. Different volumes of a stock KMnO4 solution were diluted to create daughter solutions with lower molarities. The absorbance of each solution was measured at 535nm using a spectrophotometer. A graph of absorbance versus molarity showed a linear relationship, where higher molarities resulted in greater absorbance. Some points fell outside the linear regression, possibly due to imprecise dilution, and were removed to better interpret the calibration curve.
Paragraph 2 rise
We used various instruments to create a calibration curve showing the relationship between absorbance and molarity of a potassium permanganate solution. Stock and daughter solutions were created through serial dilutions and transferred to spectrophotometer cells to measure absorbance at 535nm. The resulting data was plotted on a graph, where increasing absorbance correlated with increasing molarity. Some points fell outside the linear regression, possibly due to imprecise measurements when using burettes for dilution. Removing outlier data improved the linearity of the calibration curve.
Paragraph 2 rise
We used various instruments to create a calibration curve showing the relationship between absorbance and molarity of a potassium permanganate solution. Stock and daughter solutions were created through serial dilutions and transferred to spectrophotometer cells to measure absorbance at 535nm. The resulting data was plotted on a graph, where increasing absorbance correlated with increasing molarity. Some points fell outside the linear regression, possibly due to imprecise dilution techniques. Removing these outlier points resulted in a cleaner linear regression to better interpret the calibration curve relationship.
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1. The document describes an experiment to determine the concentration of manganese in a vitamin pill called Arthuan Z, which claims to contain 4 mg of manganese.
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1. The students determined the concentration of manganese in an ArthuZ pill through a series of dilution and analysis steps. They weighed pills, crushed them, made dilutions in nitric acid and phosphoric acid, and observed color changes after adding sodium periodate and heating.
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The document discusses an enzyme called cellobiase that breaks down cellulose. Cellobiase speeds up the reaction of breaking down cellobiose, a disaccharide made of two glucose molecules, into glucose. An experiment was conducted to determine the reaction rate of cellobiase breaking down cellobiose in the presence and absence of the enzyme over time. The results showed that more cellobiose was broken down, or absence increased, the longer the reaction was allowed to occur when cellobiase was present.
Biofuels
The document discusses an enzyme workshop about how enzymes speed up chemical reactions. It explains that enzymes have a specific shape that complements substrate molecules, and position substrates to make their bonds unstable and reactive. The laboratory studied the enzyme cellobiase, which breaks down cellobiose (a disaccharide of glucose) in the final step of breaking down cellulose. The experiment measured the reaction rate of cellobiase breaking down its substrate cellobiose at different time intervals, finding that more substrate was broken down as time increased, demonstrating the enzyme's ability to accelerate the reaction over time.
Elisa immuno
The student performed an ELISA technique in their laboratory class to simulate the spread of an infectious disease. The ELISA uses antibodies to detect disease agents in body fluids. In this simulation, the primary antibody was rabbit which recognized the chicken antigen, while the secondary antibody was goat which recognized the primary rabbit antibody. By testing sample #10 which came up positive, they determined that sample belonged to the person exposed to the contagious disease in the 5 minute incubation period.
Quality of water
The document summarizes a workshop about factors that affect water quality, including climate, rainfall, soil, forest coverage, agriculture, urban areas, and waste management. It describes how to properly take a water sample, transporting it to a lab in a sterilized bottle and refrigerating it. Finally, it discusses the workshop covering various water testing techniques, measurement scales, and using statistics and graphs in Excel to analyze water sample data.
P glo bacterial
The document summarizes a genetic transformation workshop where students learned how to transform bacteria by adding exogenous DNA. They used a plasmid containing the gene for green fluorescent protein (GFP) to transform bacterial colonies. The transformed bacteria were plated on selective media where only colonies containing the GFP plasmid would grow over the course of a week, demonstrating successful genetic transformation.
Nanotechnology
José Gerardo Cruz Rivera attended a workshop on nanotechnology given by Wilfredo Otaño. Nanotechnology involves manipulating physical systems that are 100nm or smaller, and provides advantages like increased surface area and reactivity. The lab produces hydroxyapatite coatings, a bone component, for coating implants to aid bone repair. Specialized machinery like sputtering deposition systems were observed, which can integrate elements onto substrates. In conclusion, nanotechnology is an important breakthrough and allows creation of very small fibers and specialized machines.
Microscopy and photomicrography
José Gerardo Cruz Rivera observed leaves under a dissecting microscope on January 28, 2011. He used the microscope to more closely examine leaves such as Maltese Cross, Lotus, and grass. Cruz turned on the microscope, placed the leaves on the base, added light, and observed the leaves on a computer program. Finally, he presented his findings which showed the different structures of the leaves' veins. The lab familiarized him with microscope operation and demonstrated the veins and structures of leaves.
Forensic dna fingerprinting
DNA fingerprinting was invented in 1985 by Alec Jeffreys at the University of Leicester. It is a technique used to identify individuals by their unique DNA patterns rather than just species or traits. DNA fingerprinting can be used to determine paternity or maternity and identify criminals or victims. The process involves isolating DNA from samples like blood or hair, cutting the DNA into fragments using enzymes, and analyzing the fragment sizes to create a unique DNA profile for identification purposes.
Dna to protein
The workshop covered the process from DNA to protein. Students extracted their own DNA from mouth swabs and performed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to replicate DNA fragments. They ran the DNA samples through agarose gel electrophoresis to separate fragments by size. Students also analyzed protein samples using SDS-PAGE gel electrophoresis. The workshop discussed microbiology and allowed students to observe bacteria under microscopes with different lighting. It concluded by demonstrating how macrophages can eliminate bacterial infections.
More from José Cruz (20)
Determine the concentration of manganese in a pill
Determine the concentration of manganese in a pill
Determine the concentration of manganese in a pill
Determine the concentration of manganese in a pill
Determine the concentrations of manganese in a pill
Determine the concentrations of manganese in a pill
Calibration curve
- 1. José Gerardo Cruz Rivera 804-10-1716<br />Calibration Curve<br />In this lab we studied the dilution of material to various measures like 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12 and 15ml. We took a pipette and filled it with an assigned measure of a diluted substance. Tthat measure was placed into a flask and I filled with water. This solution was diluted depending on the amount of solute? That (you gave her –What do you mean?) and the amount of added de-ionized water (H20). After making the correct dilution, each sample was taken and analyzed in the absorbency machine. The process of absorbency was as follows. <br />First, it threw our little milliliters in small container of the machine, rinsed with the same solution, rinsing and boots filled with the same solution. Then put it into the machine and you would start. The machine automatically acquired absorbance measure of the solution. Finally, through the molarity and the absorbance of the substance of each student, the calculations were made in excel and automatically processed the graph of the different calculations. Finally, excel traced the calibration curve and through this we see the precision of the measures made in the lab. This lab helps to acquire knowledge on the absorbance machines as higher molarity, the greater will be its absorbance.<br />