Bush vs gore
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In the 2000 US presidential election, George W. Bush initially appeared to have won the state of Florida, but the margin was so close that a recount was ordered. Bush petitioned to stop the recount, arguing it violated equal protection. The US Supreme Court ruled in Bush's favor, stopping the recount and allowing Bush to claim the presidency. This demonstrated the Court's jurisdiction over state courts in electoral matters.
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The document summarizes two Supreme Court cases:
1) Bush v. Gore (2000) involved the disputed 2000 US presidential election results in Florida. The Supreme Court halted the recount process, allowing George W. Bush to claim the presidency over Al Gore.
2) New Jersey v. T.L.O. (1985) concerned a student searched at school. The Supreme Court ultimately ruled school officials do not need warrants or probable cause to search students if they have reasonable suspicion of wrongdoing.
Mapp v ohio
Mapp v. Ohio was a Supreme Court case where Dollree Mapp was accused of possessing obscene materials by the state of Ohio. Police entered her home without a search warrant and found the materials. The Supreme Court ruled the evidence inadmissible, as the search violated Mapp's Fourth Amendment rights against unreasonable searches and seizures. This established the exclusionary rule that evidence obtained in violation of constitutional rights could not be used in criminal prosecutions.
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Police officers suspected Ms. Mapp had a bomb and searched her home without a warrant, finding child pornography. She argued the evidence was inadmissible since the search violated the 4th Amendment. The Supreme Court ruled evidence from unlawful searches cannot be used in state courts.
Mapp v. ohio
The police searched Mapp's home without a warrant and found pornographic materials. She was charged with possession of obscene materials. Mapp argued the evidence was obtained illegally without a warrant and should not be allowed in court. The Supreme Court ruled the 4th Amendment applies to states, so evidence from unreasonable searches cannot be used in court. This established the exclusionary rule under Mapp v. Ohio in 1961.
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The document provides instructions for an assignment requiring students to summarize how the First Amendment impacted a landmark Supreme Court case. Students are asked to choose Brown v. Board of Education, which declared state laws establishing racially segregated public schools to be unconstitutional. The case overturned the separate but equal doctrine and paved the way for desegregation of public schools. Students then must list two recent Supreme Court cases relating to the First Amendment, such as John Doe #1 v. Reed regarding disclosure of referendum petition signers and Christian Legal Society v. Martinez concerning public university non-discrimination policies.
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1) The Cantwells, Jehovah's Witnesses proselytizing in Connecticut, were arrested for violating a permit requirement and inciting a breach of peace after playing an anti-Catholic message. The Supreme Court found these restrictions violated the Cantwells' free speech and religious rights.
2) A high school principal searched a student's purse and found drugs after she was accused of smoking in the bathroom. The Court found the search reasonable and did not violate the student's Fourth Amendment rights.
3) A man sentenced to life without parole for cocaine possession challenged his punishment as cruel and unusual, but the Court found the punishment was not unusual even if cruel.
Plessy vs ferguson
1) Homer Plessy, who was 1/8 black, was arrested for sitting in the white section of a train in Louisiana in violation of state law.
2) The case went to the Supreme Court where Plessy argued the Separate Car Act violated the 13th and 14th Amendments.
3) The Supreme Court upheld the ruling against Plessy, finding that the state could regulate transportation within its borders and that "separate but equal" did not violate the Constitution.
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The document summarizes two Supreme Court cases:
1) Bush v. Gore (2000) involved the disputed 2000 US presidential election results in Florida. The Supreme Court halted the recount process, allowing George W. Bush to claim the presidency over Al Gore.
2) New Jersey v. T.L.O. (1985) concerned a student searched at school. The Supreme Court ultimately ruled school officials do not need warrants or probable cause to search students if they have reasonable suspicion of wrongdoing.
Mapp v ohio
Mapp v. Ohio was a Supreme Court case where Dollree Mapp was accused of possessing obscene materials by the state of Ohio. Police entered her home without a search warrant and found the materials. The Supreme Court ruled the evidence inadmissible, as the search violated Mapp's Fourth Amendment rights against unreasonable searches and seizures. This established the exclusionary rule that evidence obtained in violation of constitutional rights could not be used in criminal prosecutions.
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Police officers suspected Ms. Mapp had a bomb and searched her home without a warrant, finding child pornography. She argued the evidence was inadmissible since the search violated the 4th Amendment. The Supreme Court ruled evidence from unlawful searches cannot be used in state courts.
Mapp v. ohio
The police searched Mapp's home without a warrant and found pornographic materials. She was charged with possession of obscene materials. Mapp argued the evidence was obtained illegally without a warrant and should not be allowed in court. The Supreme Court ruled the 4th Amendment applies to states, so evidence from unreasonable searches cannot be used in court. This established the exclusionary rule under Mapp v. Ohio in 1961.
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The document provides instructions for an assignment requiring students to summarize how the First Amendment impacted a landmark Supreme Court case. Students are asked to choose Brown v. Board of Education, which declared state laws establishing racially segregated public schools to be unconstitutional. The case overturned the separate but equal doctrine and paved the way for desegregation of public schools. Students then must list two recent Supreme Court cases relating to the First Amendment, such as John Doe #1 v. Reed regarding disclosure of referendum petition signers and Christian Legal Society v. Martinez concerning public university non-discrimination policies.
Bill of rights supreme court cases slides for debates
1) The Cantwells, Jehovah's Witnesses proselytizing in Connecticut, were arrested for violating a permit requirement and inciting a breach of peace after playing an anti-Catholic message. The Supreme Court found these restrictions violated the Cantwells' free speech and religious rights.
2) A high school principal searched a student's purse and found drugs after she was accused of smoking in the bathroom. The Court found the search reasonable and did not violate the student's Fourth Amendment rights.
3) A man sentenced to life without parole for cocaine possession challenged his punishment as cruel and unusual, but the Court found the punishment was not unusual even if cruel.
Plessy vs ferguson
1) Homer Plessy, who was 1/8 black, was arrested for sitting in the white section of a train in Louisiana in violation of state law.
2) The case went to the Supreme Court where Plessy argued the Separate Car Act violated the 13th and 14th Amendments.
3) The Supreme Court upheld the ruling against Plessy, finding that the state could regulate transportation within its borders and that "separate but equal" did not violate the Constitution.
Jonathan Euceda Lawrence V. Texas
This document summarizes the 2003 Supreme Court case Lawrence v. Texas, which ruled that laws banning private homosexual activity between consenting adults are unconstitutional. It describes how two men were arrested under a Texas law criminalizing homosexual conduct. Their appeal reached the Supreme Court, where the defense argued homosexual couples should have the same privacy rights as heterosexual couples. The prosecution argued states have the right to ban homosexual conduct. The Court ultimately ruled 6-3 that the Texas law violated the right to privacy and equal protection, overturning an earlier decision allowing such bans. This established that states cannot criminalize private sexual conduct between consenting adults.
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Homer Plessy was arrested for sitting in the white section of a train despite being 1/8 black, which was illegal under Louisiana law at the time. The case went to the Supreme Court after lower courts, including Judge Ferguson, ruled that the state law mandating racial segregation on railroads was constitutional. The Supreme Court ultimately agreed in a decision upholding the "separate but equal" doctrine, finding that mandated racial segregation did not violate the 13th or 14th Amendments.
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Plessy 1
Plessy v. Ferguson and Miranda v. Arizona
Name
Class
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Plessy v. Ferguson and Miranda v. Arizona
Two landmark rulings made by the Supreme Court involve the cases of Plessy v. Ferguson and Miranda v. Arizona. In both rulings the impact to society was great with one resulting in the segregation of African American citizen for the next fifty years while the other affected the way law enforcement officers’ question and interrogate criminal offenders. While both of these cases occurred in two different centuries the ruling of the court had a direct impact on functions in American society and the rights of the individual citizen. In Plessy the rights of the African American where limited but in the case of Miranda individual rights were broadened.
Plessy vs. Ferguson
In the case of Plessy v. Ferguson the case began when an African American male who was half white and appeared white went against a Louisiana law that requires separate accommodations for separate races. Homer Plessy was a member of a group in New Orleans known as the Citizens Committee that fought for the equal right of the African American citizen. The Citizens Committee decided to test a Louisiana Law known as the 1890 Louisiana Separate Car Act. When Homer Plessy entered the train and took accommodations in the white section of the railcars he was detained by a police officer and held in a separate car until he was arrested upon exiting the train. Plessy was charged with breaching Louisiana Law and was jailed and fined.
On appeal the Louisiana Appeals Court ruled declared forced segregation in railroad cars traveling between states to be unconstitutional (Wolf, 2011). The case was then appealed to the Louisiana Supreme Court that upheld the ruling of the district court and found the state had a right to establish laws that provide separate but equal accommodations. The case was then appealed for the last time when it went in front of the Supreme Court. The Supreme Court ruled in favor of the state and the laws concerning the segregation of the White and African American citizen was not addressed for over sixty years when the Supreme Courts ruling was reversed in the case of Brown vs. Board of Education.
When the Plessy case was brought in front of the Supreme Court by the defendant and the members of the Citizens Committee the claim was the defendant was denied his Fourteenth and Thirteenth Amendment rights. Plessy claimed that the 1890 Louisiana Separate Car Act violated his Thirteenth Amendment right against involuntary servitude. In other Plessy was claiming that by being forced into separate accommodations he was being placed in involuntary servitude. The court ruled that the Thirteenth Amendment did not apply to segregation so the defendants Thirteenth Amendment right could not have been violated.
Under the Fourteenth Amendment the defendant, Plessy, claimed he was denied the right to equal protection.
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Protecting Defendants by Brandon-L-Blankenship
Protecting Defendants
UAB PSC 381 Bill of Rights
Rochin v. California, 342 U.S. 165 (1952)
Schmerber v. California, 384 U.S. 757 (1966)
Griswold v. Connecticut, 381 U.S. 479 (1965)
Loving v. Virginia, 388 U.S. 1 (1967)
Bowers v. Hardick
Lawrence v. Texas, 539 U.S. 558 (2003)
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