The document introduces Kotlin and Ktor. Kotlin is a general-purpose programming language developed by JetBrains that is static typed, supports OOP and FP, and can be used for both browser and server development. Ktor is a web framework for Kotlin developed by JetBrains that allows building asynchronous servers and clients. The document demonstrates how to set up a development environment for Ktor using OpenJDK, IntelliJ IDEA, and the Ktor plugin. It provides an overview of building Ktor applications that handle requests and responses.