This document discusses computer organization and architecture. It defines organization as the physical aspects of a computer and architecture as the logical aspects. It then provides an overview of Boolean logic, which uses true and false values. The basic logic gates such as AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, and XOR are described. Laws of Boolean algebra are also outlined, including commutative, associative, distributive, annulment, identity, idempotent, complement, double negation, and absorption laws.

1. Shri Vaishnav Vidyapeeth Vishwavidyalaya, Indore
Shri Vaishnav Institute of information Technology
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
Year/ Semester – II/III
Subject Name - Computer Organization And Architecture
Subject Code - BTCSCS 202
Faculty Name – Mrs. Pallavi kala

2. Organization / Architecture ??

3. Organization – Physical Aspects of Computer
Architecture – Logical Aspects of Computer

4. Boolean Logic Basics

5. • Developed by English Mathematician George Boole in
between 1815 - 1864.
• Set of rules used to simplify given logic expression
without changing its functionality, it is used when
numbers of variable are less
• It is described as an algebra of logic or an algebra of
two values i.e True or False.
• The term logic means a statement having binary
decisions i.e True/Yes or False/No.

6. • Boolean Algebra = Boolean + Algebra
LOGIC
MATHAMATICS
It is a mathematical logic which is used to express a Boolean function by using some
well designed rules and laws

7. Basic logic gates
• Not
• And
• Or
• Nand
• Nor
• Xor
x
x
y
x
y
x
xy x
y
xyz
z
xy x x+y+z
y
z
x
y
xy
xyx
y
x
y
xy
7

8. The AND gate
Pavithran Puthiyapurayil , Maldives
National University
4/30/2018 8

9. The OR gate
Pavithran Puthiyapurayil , Maldives
National University
4/30/2018 9

10. The NOT gate (or inverter)
Pavithran Puthiyapurayil , Maldives
National University
4/30/2018 10

11. The NAND gate
Pavithran Puthiyapurayil , Maldives
National University
4/30/2018 11

12. The NOR gate
Pavithran Puthiyapurayil , Maldives
National University
4/30/2018 12

13. The Exclusive OR gate
Pavithran Puthiyapurayil , Maldives
National University
4/30/2018 13

14. The Exclusive NOR gate
,

15. Laws of Boolean algebra
• Commutative Law states that the interchanging of the order of operands in
a Boolean equation does not change its result. For example:
OR operator → A + B = B + A
AND operator → A * B = B * A
• Associative Law of multiplication states that the AND operation are done
on two or more than two variables. For example:
A * (B * C) = (A * B) * C
• Distributive Law states that the multiplication of two variables and adding
the result with a variable will result in the same value as multiplication of
addition of the variable with individual variables. For example:
A + BC = (A + B) (A + C)

16. Laws of Boolean algebra
• Annulment law:
A.0 = 0
A + 1 = 1
• Identity law:
A.1 = A
A + 0 = A
• Idempotent law:
A + A = A
A.A = A
• Complement law:
A + A' = 1
A.A'= 0
• Double negation law:
((A)')' = A
• Absorption law:
A.(A+B) = A
A + AB = A