The study is about book keeping and accounting practices in small scale enterprise with special emphasis on p.a. water, ughelli, ughelli north lga of delta state
The Importance of Accurate Financial Reporting for Small Businesses.pdfsarikabangimatam
For small businesses to thrive and stay in business, accounting documentation is essential. Through timely and dependable financial reports, business owners can keep an eye on their money, make well-informed decisions, and adhere to regulatory obligations. This article includes helpful advice for enhancing your financial reporting and accounting techniques in addition to a discussion on the significance of appropriate financial reporting for small Business Accountants in Delaware.
Financial Accounting and Management accounting are the two branches of accounting.
Financial accounting stresses on giving true and a fair view of the financial position of the company to various parties.
On the contrary, management accounting aims at providing both qualitative and quantitative information to the managers, so as to assist them in decision making and thus maximizing the profit.
Financial Accounting is the branch of accounting which keeps track of all the financial information of the entity. Management Accounting is that branch of accounting which records and reports both the financial and nonfinancial information of an entity.
Unlock the potential of your small business with our latest blog, 'Small Business, Big Dreams: Simplify Your Finances with Expert Bookkeeping.' Discover essential tips and expert insights to streamline your financial management, empowering you to focus on your business goals. Take the first step towards success – simplify your finances today! Read more here https://key-cms.com/small-business-big-dreams-simplify-your-finances-with-expert-bookkeeping/
The Importance of Accurate Financial Reporting for Small Businesses.pdfsarikabangimatam
For small businesses to thrive and stay in business, accounting documentation is essential. Through timely and dependable financial reports, business owners can keep an eye on their money, make well-informed decisions, and adhere to regulatory obligations. This article includes helpful advice for enhancing your financial reporting and accounting techniques in addition to a discussion on the significance of appropriate financial reporting for small Business Accountants in Delaware.
Financial Accounting and Management accounting are the two branches of accounting.
Financial accounting stresses on giving true and a fair view of the financial position of the company to various parties.
On the contrary, management accounting aims at providing both qualitative and quantitative information to the managers, so as to assist them in decision making and thus maximizing the profit.
Financial Accounting is the branch of accounting which keeps track of all the financial information of the entity. Management Accounting is that branch of accounting which records and reports both the financial and nonfinancial information of an entity.
Unlock the potential of your small business with our latest blog, 'Small Business, Big Dreams: Simplify Your Finances with Expert Bookkeeping.' Discover essential tips and expert insights to streamline your financial management, empowering you to focus on your business goals. Take the first step towards success – simplify your finances today! Read more here https://key-cms.com/small-business-big-dreams-simplify-your-finances-with-expert-bookkeeping/
Unveiling the Essence of Accounting_ Importance and Common Practices.pdfAssignment Help
Accounting is the most essential component of a business activity, functioning as a structurally organized system ensuring financial management, decision-making, and regulatory compliance. Accounting assignment help emphasizes the academic support that students studying accounting can get and their readiness to seek assistance from outside to finance this important area. Accounting's vital role is demonstrated in business by the use of the various aspects of accounting, which include accounting as a tool for decision-making, the preparation of financial plans, and compliance with regulatory requirements.
Moreover, the topic of accounting practices, for example, double-entry accounting, accrual accounting, financial statement preparation, budgeting and forecasting, and internal controls and auditing, provides knowledge about the methods businesses apply to record their finances accurately and keep them transparent. Combining academic background with practical knowledge will achieve the utmost result in accounting, as students will be able to take the necessary steps in the world of finance and business successfully. Seeking do my assignment for me services online help one to foster academic huddles and learn all the important information about accounting.
How to Safely Race to an Optimized Financial Accounting Close?Cogneesol
As per one survey by the Institute of Management Accountants, financial closing is one of the most significant challenges. In order to optimize financial close; an organization requires to make coordinated efforts. Here in this document, we have discussed how companies can race to an optimized financial accounting close safely.
How Do you Differentiate in Financial Accounting and Management Accounting?www.assignmentdesk.co.uk
Financial and management accounting is done by undertaking various measures. In this document we have explained about various financial and management accounting parameters by which they both can be differentiated.
https://www.assignmentdesk.co.uk/finance-assignment-help
Accounting function aims at providing accurate and sufficient accounting information to facilitate proper financial reporting and management performance. Accounting information is usually in the form of periodic or annual financial statements which are products of costing, financial and management accounting prepared for the benefit of a number of external interest groups. Accounting has its roots in the stewardship approach and as a management performance tool to guide the agent and the principal over the exact status of the going concern. Accounting function also involves financial statement analysis, interpreting the accounts by computing and evaluating ratios which relate pairs of financial information or items with one another. This analysis of ratios can be cross-sectional comparing the results of one company with another or trend. In doing so close attention is usually paid to profitability ratio to help keep pace with effective management performance. The exploratory research design was adopted for the study and result showed positive correlation between accounting function and management performance. The study was not exhaustive, therefore, further study should examine the relationship between audit failure and business failure as a matter of finding a solution to the problem. It was recommended that management should always carefully study audit reports to enhance decision making and management performance.
readessay.com-Types of Accounting and Careers and Job Opportunities in 2022-2...AlexRobert25
Did you know that a career in accounting has great potential? The reason is that the accounting stance for jobs is thriving and paving a successful future for candidates.
Response 1:
Part 1
Memo:
Understanding Similarities and Differences between Financial and Managerial Accounting
Attention
: Susan Thompson
Susan-
In an effort to get you up to speed on our expectations, I wanted to provide some details on the differences you can expect to see between managerial and financial accounting and provide you some examples from both areas.
Financial accounting is the backbone of the day-to-day functions of accounting. From payables, to receivables to collections, this area ensures all of the outstanding bills and debts are paid so the organization can operate. The details received from the day to day management of financial accounting are provided to stakeholders’, creditors, vendors and management to ensure the organization is being forthcoming and so management can use the data to further the position of the company(MUSE: Financial and Managerial Accounting). Reports provided within financial accounting include the following:
Income Statement
Statement of Owners Equity
Balance Sheet
Cash Flow Statement
Each of these documents is used by managerial accounting team members to help make decisions about the future of the organization.
Managerial accounting is optional. This is a team of managers who are trying to plan for future business and need to understand the ebbs and flows of the business itself and how any of the business segments or areas can function more productivity. One thing to note is that Financial Accounting is handled by external persons who try to ensure the strength of financial decisions whereas Managerial Accounting is managed by internal managers responsible for the success of the organizations. Financial Accounting Reporting for the IRS is mandatory and GAAP accounting rules must be adhered too. Managerial Accounting has no set rules nor are they bound to any oversight group and are not required to provide any sort of mandatory reporting.
Additional reports used to analyze the health of an organization are horizontal and vertical analyzes.
Horizontal analysis is where we take a series of reports year over year and try to determine what trends were in assets, equity, cash flow, etc. Using these reports allows the management team to better understand the business and what could be coming in the future. Vertical analysis is where we analyze financial statements based on entries for assets, accounts, liabilities and equities. We review each of these as a proportion of the total account and try to understand what led to any inconsistencies.
If you need any further clarification regarding these concepts, reporting or analysis, please reach out to me directly.
Thank You
Part 2
Attn: Board of Directors
MEMO
In an effort to help our team better understand how we can use our current and previous accounting information to help plan and control for future business, I have broken down details on four key financial reports we receive regularly. These reports include the income sta ...
Bookkeeping vs Accounting - What is the difference.pdfvaderanco
VNC Global, a prominent bookkeeping services provider in Australia with more than a decade of expertise, is familiar with the complexities of these functions and is here to throw light on the distinctions.
Bookkeeping_ Your Ally in Tax Compliance and Optimization - Google Docs.pdfJames Forootan
In the intricate world of small businesses and freelancing, managing finances goes beyond mere number crunching. It's about crafting a story of fiscal responsibility, strategic planning, and legal compliance
"Bookkeeping: Your Ally in Tax Compliance and Optimization" dives into the essential realm of bookkeeping, an indispensable tool for freelancers and small business owners striving for financial clarity and tax compliance.
This article unfolds the narrative of bookkeeping not just as a routine task, but as a cornerstone of business success, illustrating its pivotal role in maintaining financial health, ensuring operational efficiency, and fostering business growth. It emphasizes the transformative power of adept bookkeeping in navigating the complexities of tax laws, optimizing financial resources, and steering businesses towards sustainable success.
Key insights include:
- Strategic Tax Compliance: Unravel how meticulous bookkeeping is crucial for adhering to tax regulations, preventing audits, and optimizing tax returns, ensuring you pay no more than what you owe.
- Empowering Financial Tools: Discover the strengths of tools like QuickBooks Online, which streamline bookkeeping processes, enhance financial analysis, and support informed decision-making.
- Operational Resilience: Explore how accurate financial records are vital for operational success, influencing everything from cash flow management to strategic business planning.
-Navigating Financial Challenges: Learn from real-case studies how poor bookkeeping can precipitate significant financial dilemmas, impacting everything from cash flow to tax compliance, and how maintaining robust bookkeeping practices can mitigate these risks.
This article serves as a comprehensive guide for those looking to harness the full potential of bookkeeping. It's crafted for entrepreneurs who view their financial data not just as a ledger of transactions but as a beacon guiding their business decisions, shaping their tax strategies, and securing their place in a competitive market.
Embrace the journey through "Bookkeeping: Your Ally in Tax Compliance and Optimization" and transform your approach to financial management, ensuring your business remains compliant, optimized, and ahead of the curve.
Using your own personal experiences and knowledge please discuss the.pdfinfo324235
Using your own personal experiences and knowledge please discuss the following question: Do
you believe that accounting is critical to our economic system? Why is it an integral part of our
economic system Explain. Support your answers with at least one practical example. Why did
you choose accounting as your major? If it is not your major, explain your reason for your
selection of your major What is a CPA? What service can a CPA provide that a non CPA
accountant cannot regardless of how many other qualifications he/she has including a doctorate
in accounting? What are some of the specializations in the accounting field? Discuss one or more
of them. Which one are you considering if you are an Accounting major? Post a job description
detailing the responsibilities and requirements on any accounting position that requires a
minimum of a Bachelor\'s degree. Was there anything about that job description that surprised
you (pleasant or unpleasant) Your responses must be numbered according to each question
above. You do not need to reproduce the question. You must meet a minimum length of 750
words (excluding citations, the job description and my questions) and must be posted as response
to my thread in this forum with the same subject line as above followed by your last name. Use
any acceptable form of citation. There is an automatic 5 point deduction for submissions with no
citations or citations in poor format. Please do not use attachments when posting your work.
Solution
Do you believe that accounting is critical to our economic system? Why is it an integral part of
our economic system Explain. Support your answers with at least one practical example.
Yes, I believe accounting is very critical to our economic system. Accounting plays an essential
role in economic development. High-quality corporate reporting is key to improving
transparency, facilitating the mobilization of domestic and international investment, creating a
sound investment environment and fostering investor confidence, thus promoting financial
stability. A strong and internationally comparable reporting system facilitates international flows
of financial resources while at the same time helping to reduce corruption and mismanagement
of resources. It also strengthens international competitiveness of enterprises in attracting external
financing and taking advantage of international market opportunities.
Good quality financial infrastructure is essential to the development of emerging economies as it
provides investors with an acceptably high level of assurance. Unless resources invested in
putting the plumbing in place can be accounted for, what will stop the roads going nowhere, the
energy disappearing, and the communications breaking down?
It could be very interesting and maybe surprising if we clearly understand that how accountants
can help to improve and growth economies in all over the world. Traditionally, researches have
said that accountants were hands of liberalism and.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
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Unveiling the Essence of Accounting_ Importance and Common Practices.pdfAssignment Help
Accounting is the most essential component of a business activity, functioning as a structurally organized system ensuring financial management, decision-making, and regulatory compliance. Accounting assignment help emphasizes the academic support that students studying accounting can get and their readiness to seek assistance from outside to finance this important area. Accounting's vital role is demonstrated in business by the use of the various aspects of accounting, which include accounting as a tool for decision-making, the preparation of financial plans, and compliance with regulatory requirements.
Moreover, the topic of accounting practices, for example, double-entry accounting, accrual accounting, financial statement preparation, budgeting and forecasting, and internal controls and auditing, provides knowledge about the methods businesses apply to record their finances accurately and keep them transparent. Combining academic background with practical knowledge will achieve the utmost result in accounting, as students will be able to take the necessary steps in the world of finance and business successfully. Seeking do my assignment for me services online help one to foster academic huddles and learn all the important information about accounting.
How to Safely Race to an Optimized Financial Accounting Close?Cogneesol
As per one survey by the Institute of Management Accountants, financial closing is one of the most significant challenges. In order to optimize financial close; an organization requires to make coordinated efforts. Here in this document, we have discussed how companies can race to an optimized financial accounting close safely.
How Do you Differentiate in Financial Accounting and Management Accounting?www.assignmentdesk.co.uk
Financial and management accounting is done by undertaking various measures. In this document we have explained about various financial and management accounting parameters by which they both can be differentiated.
https://www.assignmentdesk.co.uk/finance-assignment-help
Accounting function aims at providing accurate and sufficient accounting information to facilitate proper financial reporting and management performance. Accounting information is usually in the form of periodic or annual financial statements which are products of costing, financial and management accounting prepared for the benefit of a number of external interest groups. Accounting has its roots in the stewardship approach and as a management performance tool to guide the agent and the principal over the exact status of the going concern. Accounting function also involves financial statement analysis, interpreting the accounts by computing and evaluating ratios which relate pairs of financial information or items with one another. This analysis of ratios can be cross-sectional comparing the results of one company with another or trend. In doing so close attention is usually paid to profitability ratio to help keep pace with effective management performance. The exploratory research design was adopted for the study and result showed positive correlation between accounting function and management performance. The study was not exhaustive, therefore, further study should examine the relationship between audit failure and business failure as a matter of finding a solution to the problem. It was recommended that management should always carefully study audit reports to enhance decision making and management performance.
readessay.com-Types of Accounting and Careers and Job Opportunities in 2022-2...AlexRobert25
Did you know that a career in accounting has great potential? The reason is that the accounting stance for jobs is thriving and paving a successful future for candidates.
Response 1:
Part 1
Memo:
Understanding Similarities and Differences between Financial and Managerial Accounting
Attention
: Susan Thompson
Susan-
In an effort to get you up to speed on our expectations, I wanted to provide some details on the differences you can expect to see between managerial and financial accounting and provide you some examples from both areas.
Financial accounting is the backbone of the day-to-day functions of accounting. From payables, to receivables to collections, this area ensures all of the outstanding bills and debts are paid so the organization can operate. The details received from the day to day management of financial accounting are provided to stakeholders’, creditors, vendors and management to ensure the organization is being forthcoming and so management can use the data to further the position of the company(MUSE: Financial and Managerial Accounting). Reports provided within financial accounting include the following:
Income Statement
Statement of Owners Equity
Balance Sheet
Cash Flow Statement
Each of these documents is used by managerial accounting team members to help make decisions about the future of the organization.
Managerial accounting is optional. This is a team of managers who are trying to plan for future business and need to understand the ebbs and flows of the business itself and how any of the business segments or areas can function more productivity. One thing to note is that Financial Accounting is handled by external persons who try to ensure the strength of financial decisions whereas Managerial Accounting is managed by internal managers responsible for the success of the organizations. Financial Accounting Reporting for the IRS is mandatory and GAAP accounting rules must be adhered too. Managerial Accounting has no set rules nor are they bound to any oversight group and are not required to provide any sort of mandatory reporting.
Additional reports used to analyze the health of an organization are horizontal and vertical analyzes.
Horizontal analysis is where we take a series of reports year over year and try to determine what trends were in assets, equity, cash flow, etc. Using these reports allows the management team to better understand the business and what could be coming in the future. Vertical analysis is where we analyze financial statements based on entries for assets, accounts, liabilities and equities. We review each of these as a proportion of the total account and try to understand what led to any inconsistencies.
If you need any further clarification regarding these concepts, reporting or analysis, please reach out to me directly.
Thank You
Part 2
Attn: Board of Directors
MEMO
In an effort to help our team better understand how we can use our current and previous accounting information to help plan and control for future business, I have broken down details on four key financial reports we receive regularly. These reports include the income sta ...
Bookkeeping vs Accounting - What is the difference.pdfvaderanco
VNC Global, a prominent bookkeeping services provider in Australia with more than a decade of expertise, is familiar with the complexities of these functions and is here to throw light on the distinctions.
Bookkeeping_ Your Ally in Tax Compliance and Optimization - Google Docs.pdfJames Forootan
In the intricate world of small businesses and freelancing, managing finances goes beyond mere number crunching. It's about crafting a story of fiscal responsibility, strategic planning, and legal compliance
"Bookkeeping: Your Ally in Tax Compliance and Optimization" dives into the essential realm of bookkeeping, an indispensable tool for freelancers and small business owners striving for financial clarity and tax compliance.
This article unfolds the narrative of bookkeeping not just as a routine task, but as a cornerstone of business success, illustrating its pivotal role in maintaining financial health, ensuring operational efficiency, and fostering business growth. It emphasizes the transformative power of adept bookkeeping in navigating the complexities of tax laws, optimizing financial resources, and steering businesses towards sustainable success.
Key insights include:
- Strategic Tax Compliance: Unravel how meticulous bookkeeping is crucial for adhering to tax regulations, preventing audits, and optimizing tax returns, ensuring you pay no more than what you owe.
- Empowering Financial Tools: Discover the strengths of tools like QuickBooks Online, which streamline bookkeeping processes, enhance financial analysis, and support informed decision-making.
- Operational Resilience: Explore how accurate financial records are vital for operational success, influencing everything from cash flow management to strategic business planning.
-Navigating Financial Challenges: Learn from real-case studies how poor bookkeeping can precipitate significant financial dilemmas, impacting everything from cash flow to tax compliance, and how maintaining robust bookkeeping practices can mitigate these risks.
This article serves as a comprehensive guide for those looking to harness the full potential of bookkeeping. It's crafted for entrepreneurs who view their financial data not just as a ledger of transactions but as a beacon guiding their business decisions, shaping their tax strategies, and securing their place in a competitive market.
Embrace the journey through "Bookkeeping: Your Ally in Tax Compliance and Optimization" and transform your approach to financial management, ensuring your business remains compliant, optimized, and ahead of the curve.
Using your own personal experiences and knowledge please discuss the.pdfinfo324235
Using your own personal experiences and knowledge please discuss the following question: Do
you believe that accounting is critical to our economic system? Why is it an integral part of our
economic system Explain. Support your answers with at least one practical example. Why did
you choose accounting as your major? If it is not your major, explain your reason for your
selection of your major What is a CPA? What service can a CPA provide that a non CPA
accountant cannot regardless of how many other qualifications he/she has including a doctorate
in accounting? What are some of the specializations in the accounting field? Discuss one or more
of them. Which one are you considering if you are an Accounting major? Post a job description
detailing the responsibilities and requirements on any accounting position that requires a
minimum of a Bachelor\'s degree. Was there anything about that job description that surprised
you (pleasant or unpleasant) Your responses must be numbered according to each question
above. You do not need to reproduce the question. You must meet a minimum length of 750
words (excluding citations, the job description and my questions) and must be posted as response
to my thread in this forum with the same subject line as above followed by your last name. Use
any acceptable form of citation. There is an automatic 5 point deduction for submissions with no
citations or citations in poor format. Please do not use attachments when posting your work.
Solution
Do you believe that accounting is critical to our economic system? Why is it an integral part of
our economic system Explain. Support your answers with at least one practical example.
Yes, I believe accounting is very critical to our economic system. Accounting plays an essential
role in economic development. High-quality corporate reporting is key to improving
transparency, facilitating the mobilization of domestic and international investment, creating a
sound investment environment and fostering investor confidence, thus promoting financial
stability. A strong and internationally comparable reporting system facilitates international flows
of financial resources while at the same time helping to reduce corruption and mismanagement
of resources. It also strengthens international competitiveness of enterprises in attracting external
financing and taking advantage of international market opportunities.
Good quality financial infrastructure is essential to the development of emerging economies as it
provides investors with an acceptably high level of assurance. Unless resources invested in
putting the plumbing in place can be accounted for, what will stop the roads going nowhere, the
energy disappearing, and the communications breaking down?
It could be very interesting and maybe surprising if we clearly understand that how accountants
can help to improve and growth economies in all over the world. Traditionally, researches have
said that accountants were hands of liberalism and.
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June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
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The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
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Book keeping and accounting practices in small scale enterprise with special emphasis on p.a. water, ughelli, ughelli north lga of delta state
1. BOOK KEEPING AND ACCOUNTING PRACTICES IN SMALL SCALE ENTERPRISE
WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON P.A. WATER, UGHELLI, UGHELLI NORTH LGA OF
DELTA STATE
Every organisation, whether small, medium or big is established to achieve specific target
objective. Such objective derived from adequate returns on investment and the ability of the
organisation and or, its representatives maximally provide social service that would meet the
immediate and long term needs of its environment or community.
In order to actualize set objective, organisation employ adequate and effective accounting
records as well as employ the services of available resources (human or non-human) towards
actualizing dreams.
Virtually, every organisation and business minded individuals take proper records of it’s
activities. This is to enable team measure or ascertain the level of success or failure recorded in
the organisation at a specified period of time. Consequent upon this, one may ask, how adequate,
accurate and reliable are feese records especially they are not taken by a professional book-
keeper or accountant?
Keeping of records is not only required but also vital any organisation. According to Alayide
(2009); inadequate records or failure to bring the accounting records up-to-date usually leads to
commitment of errors and fraudulent practices. As such, organisation whether in the private or in
public sector, really requires the services of a qualified and certificated accountant or book-
keeper.
Organisation need to employ the services of professional accountants and or, book-keepers in
order to:
Keep all accounting records.
Set up sound accounting records for staff to follow.
Assist them to keep in closing the books of account where there is difficulty and or discrepancy.
Prepare and-of-year account or financial report systems to facilitate clients efficiency in
processing management information and controlling of operation.
Write up accounting and administrative procedure manuals.
2. Ensure adherence to the internal deck system, and so on.
Wanogho (2006) opined that the services of the accountant to organisation and individuals
among others includes;
Drafting of financial statement incorporating profit and balance sheet for companies.
Preparation of management account on a regular basis and for whatever period e.g. yearly,
quarterly, six monthly, daily etc.
Preparation of accounts for specialized area as trust non-profit making organisation charities and
pension schemes.
Maintenance of computerized record of clients book of prime entry from the information
supplied.
Preparation of necessary financial information.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE RESEARCH PROBLEM
The importance of book-keeping and accounting in a profit making organisation can not be over
emphasized or underestimated. But some small scale enterprises have been faced with some
problems which resulted to their winding-up.
These problems are as listed here under:
Lack of permanent and systematic records for financial transaction by accounting professionals
that will ascertain whether the business has make profit or loss in an accounting period.
Accounts prepared at best are single entry and feese account proper information regarding assets
are lacking.
Accounts prepared by non-professional have no safeguards for fraud and errors.
Final accounts prepared are not reliable and cannot be acceptable for tax proposes.
Accounts prepared does not take into cognizance of issues relating provision for doubtful debt
and depreciation.
Financial statement prepared cannot be compared between periods because the bases of
preparation is faulty.
To this end, the study is embarked upon to address these problem identified.
3. 1.3 RESEARCH QUESTION
For the purpose of getting relevant responses, the study hereby formulates the under-listed
hypothesis.
To what extent can it be said that booking keeping and accounting practices and services are
employed in small scale business organisation?
To what extent can it be said that book keeping and accounting functions are preformed by
experts in small scale business organisation?
To what extent is the application and expertise use of book keeping and accounting of small
scale business organisations achieve the expected goals?
What are the major problems faced by business without the use of professional accountants or
book-keepers?
1.4 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The major purpose of the study is to highlight book-keeping and accounting practices in small
scale enterprise. The study will be of a great aid to private organisations, both large and small
scales to enlighten them on the importance of book-keeping or recording the day-to-day
activities information in profit making organisation and also to find possible suggestions of
stressing the importance of book-keeping through seminars to our business organisations and
officers managing these firms.
EDITOR SOURCE: https://researchcub.info/department/paper-7494.html