Bogs are wetlands found in Estonia that can be up to 10,000 years old, with peat layers usually between 3 to 6 meters thick. The document discusses the development of bogs from swamps to transitional marshes to bogs. It then focuses on Pihla bog, the largest bog in Hiiumaa, Estonia, covering around 3050 hectares. Analysis found the water in Pihla bog has a pH of 6 and low levels of ammonium, phosphates, nitrites and nitrates, meeting various EU and US drinking water standards.

1. A Bog
Anni Julge, Mari-Liis Rand, Kätlin Otto
2012

2. About bogs
• Around 7000 bogs in Estonia
• Up to 10 000 years old
• Peat layer mostly 3 – 6 m. thick
• Bog walking
• Exotic bog – shoeing hikes all year round

4. Development of a bog
• Swamp
– Less water
– More water on a
surface
• Transitional marsh
– Terrestrialization
• Inosculation of a
water body
– Paludification
• Ground over
saturated
• Bog
– Final stage
– Huge water supplies
– Water can be hidden
underground

7. Pihla bog
• Biggest bog in
Hiiumaa
– About 3050 ha
• Almost unhabited
– Rare plants
– Different animals

8. • Beginnings of
important
watercourses
• Thickest peat layer in
Hiiumaa
– About 4 m
• Peat is also quarried

12. Water analysis of Pihla bog
• pH 6
– EU minimum value of swimming – pool water
• Ammonium level 0,05 mg/l
– Recommended level
– EU drinking water
– Swimming – pool water
– Fish – bowl water
• Phosphates level 0 mg/l

14. Water analysis of Pihla bog
• Nitrites level 0,02 mg/l
–EU/USA drinking water
–Fish – bowl water
–Mineralwater
• Nitrate level 10 mg/l
–Maximum level of food making water
–EU/USA drinking water
–Fish – bowl water
–Mineral water

16. Thank you for your attention!