Conference at BlendWebMix, Lyon, october 30, 2014

1. Digital
vs Geographic
Territories
Stéphane Grumbach
!
INRIA
http://graphics.stanford.edu/papers/flow_map_layout/
BlendWebMix, Lyon, 30 october 2014 @SGrumbach, Dice, IXXI 1

2. Territory
“An area of land under the jurisdiction of a ruler or state.”
BlendWebMix, Lyon, 30 october 2014 @SGrumbach, Dice, IXXI
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3. Territories and History
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Europe 1914 -> 1919 http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk

4. From territories
to sovereignty
State’s prerogatives on their territory and population
• Legal system
• Taxes
• Money
• Security and defence
• Diplomatie
BlendWebMix, Lyon, 30 october 2014 @SGrumbach, Dice, IXXI
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5. Trade flows
(CO2 embodied)
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https://simpleclimate.wordpress.com/2010/03/17/lots-of-shoes-make-for-big-carbon-feet/

6. Submarine Cables
“An area of land under the jurisdiction of a ruler or state.”
BlendWebMix, Lyon, 30 october 2014 @SGrumbach, Dice, IXXI
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http://www.submarinecablemap.com/

7. Sovereignty at stake?
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8. Legal conflicts
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9. Legal conflicts
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http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2012/04/28/business/Double-Irish-With-A-Dutch-Sandwich.html
Double Irish
with a Dutch
Sandwich

10. Legal conflicts
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11. Legal conflicts
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12. Legal conflicts
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13. The
platform
revolution
!
dynamic flows
vs
static assets
BlendWebMix, Lyon, 30 october 2014 @SGrumbach, Dice, IXXI
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14. Efficient association
between producers/consumers
of data and services
Activity monetization
Knowledge extraction
from users activity
Intermediation Platforms
All 30
top sites
worldwide
#1 site
traffic
10 times #15
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15. Efficient association
between producers/consumers
of data and services
Activity monetization
Knowledge extraction
from users activity
Intermediation Platforms
All 30
top sites
worldwide
#1 site
traffic
10 times #15
Two-Sided
Systems
FREE ACCESS
Web
ranking
BUSINESS
Organic behavior
Profiled behavior
Users'
profile
BlendWebMix, Lyon, 30 october 2014 @SGrumbach, Dice, IXXI 15

16. Efficient association
between producers/consumers
of data and services
Activity monetization
Knowledge extraction
from users activity
Intermediation Platforms
All 30
top sites
worldwide
#1 site
traffic
10 times #15
Two-Sided
Systems
FREE ACCESS
Web
ranking
BUSINESS
Organic behavior
Profiled behavior
Users'
profile
New
Economic Models
professionals algorithms users
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17. New
Economic Models
professionals algorithms users The 3 social disruptions
of intermediation
Abolition of the distinction
between
service consumer
service producer
Disruption I
Social roles
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18. New
Economic Models
professionals algorithms users The 3 social disruptions
of intermediation
Power shift q
Users gain in power
to choose
to publish
to practice
Disruption II
empowerment
BlendWebMix, Lyon, 30 october 2014 @SGrumbach, Dice, IXXI 18

19. New
Economic Models
professionals algorithms users The 3 social disruptions
of intermediation
Power shift p
Intermediaries loose power
business models collapse
independence of users
control at platform level
Disruption III
dismantlement
BlendWebMix, Lyon, 30 october 2014 @SGrumbach, Dice, IXXI 19

20. Efficient association
between producers/consumers
of data and services
Activity monetization
Knowledge extraction
from users activity
Intermediation Platforms
New
Economic Models
professionals algorithms users
1 2 3
International Challenges
All 30
top sites
worldwide
#1 site
traffic
10 times #15
USA, absolute world leader
China, Emerging global power
Europe, Periphery of the network
#64
Top European site:
BBC
Two-Sided
Systems
FREE ACCESS
Web
ranking
BUSINESS
Organic behavior
Profiled behavior
Users'
profile
BlendWebMix, Lyon, 30 october 2014 @SGrumbach, Dice, IXXI 20

21. 1 2 3
International Challenges
USA, absolute world leader
China, Emerging global power
Europe, Periphery of the network
#64
Top European site:
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BBC
Top 50 platforms
worldwide
• USA: 72 %
• China: 22 %
Baidu: 5; QQ: 7; Taobao:
9; Sina:13; hao123:16;
weibo:17; tmall:23;
Sohu:27; 360.cn:28;
163.com: 34; Soso:37;
• Russia: 6 %
Yandex: 20; kontakte:21;
Mail: 39;
6%
22%
72%
USA China Russia

22. Ratio of
sites in Top 25
headquartered
- in the US
- nationally
- in third
country
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23. Traffic Top 10 sites
in selected countries
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24. Efficient association
between producers/consumers
of data and services
Activity monetization
Knowledge extraction
from users activity
Intermediation Platforms
Two-Sided
Systems
FREE ACCESS
Organic behavior
Profiled behavior
Virtual Empires
New
Economic Models
professionals algorithms users
1 2 3
International Challenges
All 30
top sites
worldwide
#1 site
traffic
10 times #15
USA, absolute world leader
China, Emerging global power
Europe, Periphery of the network
#64
Top European site:
BBC
ID
Web
ranking
BUSINESS
money Identity management
law
TERMS OF USE
virtual territories fiscal employment
defense
Users'
profile
BlendWebMix, Lyon, 30 october 2014 @SGrumbach, Dice, IXXI 24

25. Identity management
Id given to any person
Real name systems
Authentication to services
private & public
Unique Id for all services
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26. Legal system
The same principles everywhere in the world
contracts users/corporations
Local adaptation to specific regulation
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27. Virtual monetary system
Money independent of Central Banks
!
!
Taxation at stake with non monetized transactions
!
!
Bitcoin:
virtual currency with no centralized control
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http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/08/business/media/bubble-or-no-virtual-bitcoins-
show-real-worth.html?nl=technology&emc=edit_tu_20130408

28. Geography
of Intermediation
Google, Yahoo, Apple,
Facebook, Twitter, Uber,
AirBnB, Wikimedia,
DropBox, Netflix, ….
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http://cdn3.vox-cdn.com/assets/4465505/silicon_valley_big.png

29. The Republic of Venice
An economic and trade power
BlendWebMix, Lyon, 30 october 2014 @SGrumbach, Dice, IXXI
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_Venice

30. New types of Territories
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http://www.rolandvdv.nl/research.html