Bio mod how to make

1. BIOREMEDIATION OF OIL SPILLS
AND HYDROCARBON

2. WHAT IS BIOREMEDIATION?
 Bioremediation is the process of cleaning up
environmental sites contaminated with
chemical pollutants by using living organisms
to transform hazardous compounds into
less/non-toxic substances or even essentially
remove it from soil or water or air.
 The process of bioremediation is typically
carried out by microbes like bacteria and
fungi.
 Bioremediation technology using microbes
was reportedly invented by Gerorge M.
Robinson.

3. WHAT IS OIL SPILLS?
 An oil spill is the release of a
liquid petroleum hydrocarbon
into the environment, especially
the marine ecosystem,due to the
human activity and it is form of
water pollution,but spills may
also occur on land.

4. IMPACT OF OIL SPILLS IN ENVIRONMENT
 Marine animals get covered in oil.
 Feathers of birds absorbs oil and the
can not fly.
 Some other furry animals’ fur get
soaked in oil and for them is difficult
to regulate their temperature causing
hypothermia.
 Seabirds are harmed and killed in
greater numbers than other kind of
creatures.
 If oil remains on a beach for a while
other creatures such as snails,clams,
and terrestrial animals may suffer

5. CHEMISTRY OF OIL SPILLS
 Oil is a complex mixture of molecular compounds. A molecule in turn, are
composed of atoms.. Crude oils, while mixtures of thousands of types of molecular
compounds, are predominantly composed of only two types of atoms: hydrogen
(H) and carbon (C). Molecular compounds composed exclusively of these two
elements are called hydrocarbons.
 Petroleum hydrocarbons are predominantly one of two types, aromatics or alkanes.
Aromatics, which are based on a 6-carbon ring, tend to be the molecular
compounds in oil that are the most toxic to marine life.
 Crude oil is a mixture of such compounds as the light but poisonous benzene and
toluene, both of which evaporate quickly, and heavier, sticky tars. Upto two-thirds
of an oil-spill can evaporate in the first few days, but before the light, toxic
compounds evaporate, they kill fish and animal life and pose harm to future
generations.

6. BIOREMEDIATION OF OIL SPILLS

7.  Alcanivorax borkumensis, or A. borkumensis
for short. This rod-shaped microbe lives in all
of the world’s oceans with a special
preference for oil-polluted areas, as it uses
hydrocarbon molecules for food developing.A
set of enzymes that allowed it to consume
almost all the molecules that make up crude
oil. One group of these stood out: the
hydroxylases.They break the oil carbon-di-
oxide and water.

8. WHAT ARE HYDROCARBONS

9. NEED FOR BIOREMEDIATION OF
HYDROCARBONS

10. BIOREMEDIATION OF HYDROCARBONS

11. ADVANTAGES OF BIOREMEDIATION

12. DISADVANTAGES OF BIOREMEDIATION

13. THANK YOU