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BIOLOGICAL
MAGNETS
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INTRODUTION :
Biological magnets refers to organisms, such as bacteria or
animals, capable of sensing Earth's magnetic field.
These organisms use this ability for navigation, orientation, or
migration purposes.
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TYPES OF BIOLOGICAL MAGNETS :
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Magnetotactic Bacteria
Magnetotactic bacteria, for instance, align
themselves with magnetic field lines, aiding in their
movement
Magnetoreceptive Animals
Animals like birds and sea turtles, utilize
biological magnetoreception for long-distance
navigation during migration.
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MAGNETOTACTIC BACTERIA :
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These bacteria possess organelles called magnetosomes, which contain magnetic
minerals.
They align themselves along Earth's magnetic field lines, aiding in their movement in
aquatic environments.
Magnetosomes are membrane-bound compartments filled with magnetic minerals like
magnetite (Fe3O4) or greigite (Fe3S4).
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MAGNETORECEPTIVE ANIMALS :
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Sea turtles are known for their remarkable navigational abilities during long-distance
oceanic migrations.
They likely use a combination of cues, including geomagnetic information, to navigate
accurately across vast expanses of ocean.
They may detect Earth's magnetic field using specialized cells or structures in their
brains or other sensory organs.
Many bird species possess magnetoreception, which aids in long-distance navigation
during migration.
They are believed to perceive Earth's magnetic field through specialized photoreceptor
cells containing magnetically sensitive molecules, possibly located in their eyes.
This ability helps birds maintain a sense of direction, especially during overcast skies
or at night
